WEIGHT OF 1 CUBIC METER (VOLUMERIUM WEIGHT) OF BEAM, BOARDS AND LOODS
The weight of lumber (timbers, boards, logs), moldings (linings, platbands, baseboards, etc.) and other wood products depends mainly on the moisture content of the wood and its species.The table shows the weight of 1 cubic meter of wood (volume weight) depending on the type of wood and its moisture content.
Weight table 1 cu. m (volume weight) timber, boards, lining made of wood of various species and humidity
Depending on the moisture content, measured as a percentage of the mass of water contained in the wood to the mass of dry wood, wood is divided into the following moisture categories:
Dry wood (humidity 10-18%) is wood that has undergone technological drying or has been stored for a long time in a warm, dry room;
Air-dry wood (humidity 19-23%) is wood with equilibrium moisture content, when the moisture content of the wood itself is balanced with the humidity of the surrounding air. This degree of humidity is achieved when long-term storage wood in natural conditions, i.e. without the use of special drying technologies;
Green wood (humidity 24-45%) is wood that is in the process of drying from a freshly cut state to equilibrium;
Freshly cut and wet wood (moisture content greater than 45%) is wood that has been recently cut or has been in water for a long time.
WEIGHT OF ONE BEAM, ONE EDGING AND FLOORS, LININGS
The weight of one beam, board or any molded product also depends on the moisture content of the wood from which they are made and its species. The table shows data for the wood most used in construction - pine with damp moisture for timber and edged boards and air-dry moisture for floorboards and lining.Weight table of one beam, one board and lining
NUMBER OF BARS, BOARDS AND CLADDING IN 1 CUBE M
The number of pieces of any lumber or molded product in 1 cubic meter depends on its dimensions: width, thickness and length. Data on the number of lumber in 1 kb. m are presented in the table.- Tree species groups
- Humidity dependent
- Impact on wood quality
Wood density is one of the main characteristics of a cubic meter of material, which is taken into account when calculating structures and choosing raw materials for the production of various products. The term refers to the ratio of the mass of the material to the measured volume.
What can be the density of the forest
Different tree species have approximately the same composition, so in dry form absolute specific gravity will be the same for everyone. Its average value is 1.54 (dimensionless value). But in the table of wood density for different species, their numbers are given. The fact is that in a completely dry state it is almost impossible to measure the absolute parameter. To do this, it is necessary to completely get rid of moisture in the test sample and eliminate air voids. In practice, as it turned out, it is difficult to fix the parameter, and it is not suitable for calculations.
To determine the density of lumber, calculating its specific gravity is more suitable.
It is affected by:
- humidity;
- rock porosity.
The specific gravity of wood has the form of the average value of density calculations in its different states. Sources may vary slightly. The difference is due to changes in the moisture level inside the trunk. To avoid confusion, we present a table with average specific gravity values at each individual moisture level for different wood species in ascending order.
Table of wood densities of different humidity levels (kg/m3)
Tree species groups
Typically, the table value of the density of timber and other lumber is measured at a humidity of 12%. Depending on the obtained value, tree species are divided into 3 groups:
- With low volumetric mass (less than 540 kg/m3). These include coniferous trees: pine, spruce, fir, cedar and some deciduous trees. These are all types of alder, poplar, linden, aspen, chestnut.
- With an average specific gravity of 550–740 kg/m3: beech, elm (elm), larch, all types of maple, rowan, apple, ash.
- With a high level of density over 750 kg/m3: birch, oak (Araksin, chestnut-leaved), hornbeam, dogwood, pistachio.
Of course, this is an incomplete list of breeds. Based on the wood density values indicated in the table, you can determine whether the species belongs to the group.
Humidity dependent
All lumber contains water. Its quantity mainly determines the density of timber and other raw materials: the more moisture in the product, the higher the weight in the measured volume.
The specific gravity of wood in the table is given in average values, since the amount of moisture in one volume is constantly changing - this is a relative value.
Changes occur due to:
- external weather conditions (rain, fog, snow);
- anthropogenic factor (wetting due to human activity).
Thus, a completely dry board practically never happens. Wood moisture content is always above 0%. This indicator can be determined using a special device - a moisture meter.
Impact on wood quality
The average specific gravity is the main characteristic of raw materials when carrying out calculations, since the value contains an average assessment of tests of lumber in different states of water saturation.
According to the laws of physics, the calculated density is directly related to the strength of the material: the higher the specific gravity of the volume of the product, the greater the load it can withstand. This rule also applies to wood.
Let's look at an example:
- Oak has a high specific gravity and is famous for its reliability and durability. It has almost no empty pores, the entire volume is filled with strong wood fibers and moisture. Load-bearing structures of houses and industrial facilities are made from oak. Wood with a high specific gravity is rigid and practically does not bend.
- Cedar and birch beams have a low volumetric weight, which is why they are not used to create load-bearing elements of the frame of structures. These rocks are more suitable for finishing work, where the load on the product is minimal. Wood with low porosity is plastic and bendable.
Relationship between density and thermal conductivity
This indicator is important for choosing a tree when preparing firewood. The relationship is direct: the higher the density index, the more fuel there is in the lumps, the longer they will burn. Wood species with a high mass-to-volume ratio are called solid fuels. They burn for a long time, give good heat, but due to their dense structure they are difficult to prick. The advantage of firewood and fuel from light tree species is their flexibility in sawing and cutting, but they have a relatively small energy reserve. The logs will burn for a significantly shorter amount of time.
How much does 1 cube of tree branches weigh, the weight of 1 m3 of branches. The number of kilograms in 1 cubic meter of branches and bushes, the number of tons in 1 cubic meter, kg in 1 m3. Volumetric density of tree branches for conversion to tons and specific gravity of tree branches and bushes.What do we want to learn today? How much does 1 cube of branches weigh, the weight of 1 m3 of tree branches? No problem, you can find out the number of kilograms or the number of tons at once, the mass (the mass of one cubic meter, the weight of one cube of branches of trees and bushes, the mass of one cubic meter, the weight of 1 m3 of twigs, twigs, rods, brushwood) are indicated in table 1. If anyone - It’s interesting, you can skim the small text below and read some explanations. How is the amount of substance, material, liquid or gas we need measured? Except for those cases when it is possible to reduce the calculation of the required quantity to the counting of goods, products, elements in pieces (piece counting), it is easiest for us to determine the required quantity based on volume and weight (mass). In everyday life, the most common unit of volume measurement for us is 1 liter. However, the number of liters suitable for household calculations is not always an applicable method for determining the volume for economic activity. In addition, liters in our country have not become a generally accepted “production” and trade unit for measuring volume. One cubic meter, or in its abbreviated version - one cube, turned out to be a fairly convenient and popular unit of volume for practical use. We are accustomed to measuring almost all substances, liquids, materials and even gases in cubic meters. It's really convenient. After all, their costs, prices, rates, consumption rates, tariffs, supply contracts are almost always tied to cubic meters (cubes), and much less often to liters. No less important for practical activities It turns out that we know not only the volume, but also the weight (mass) of the substance occupying this volume: in this case we're talking about about how much 1 cube weighs (1 cubic meter, 1 cubic meter, 1 m3). Knowing mass and volume gives us a fairly complete idea of quantity. Site visitors, when asking how much 1 cube of branches and shrubs weighs, often indicate specific units of mass in which they would like to know the answer to the question. As we noticed, most often they want to know the weight of 1 cube (1 cubic meter, 1 cubic meter, 1 m3) in kilograms (kg) or tons (t). Essentially, you need kg/m3 or t/m3. These are closely related units that define quantity. In principle, a fairly simple independent conversion of weight (mass) from tons to kilograms and vice versa is possible: from kilograms to tons. However, as practice has shown, for most site visitors a more convenient option would be find out immediately how many kilograms 1 cubic (1 m3) of branches weighs or how many tons 1 cubic (1 m3) of tree branches weighs, without converting kilograms into tons or vice versa - the number of tons into kilograms per cubic meter (one cubic meter, one cubic meter, one m3). Therefore, in Table 1 we indicated how much 1 cubic meter of branches of trees and bushes weighs (1 cubic meter, 1 cubic meter) in kilograms (kg) and tons (t). Choose the table column that you need yourself. By the way, when we ask how much 1 cubic meter (1 m3) weighs, we mean the number of kilograms or the number of tons. However, from a physical point of view, we are interested in density or specific gravity. The mass of a unit volume or the amount of substance contained in a unit volume is bulk density or specific gravity. In this case volumetric density of branches and shrubs and specific gravity of tree branches. The bulk or volumetric density of branches of trees and bushes and specific gravity in physics are usually measured not in kg/m3 or in tons/m3, but in grams per cubic centimeter: g/cm3. Therefore, in Table 1, the specific gravity of branches and shrubs and the bulk density of branches (synonyms) are indicated in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3)
Table 1. How much does 1 cubic meter of tree branches weigh, the weight of 1 m3 of branches. Bulk density of branches and shrubs and specific gravity in g/cm3. How many kilograms are there in a cube of branches, tons in 1 cubic meter of branches, kg in 1 cubic meter, tons in 1 m3.
When starting to build a house or make renovations, sometimes you have to face questions that seem simple at first glance, but you can’t answer them right away. It seems awkward to approach specialists with such a question, but you need to know for sure. For those who can turn to the Internet, it’s easier - type in a search engine “How much does a cube of wood weigh” and in half a minute received a comprehensive result. By the way, really, how much?
The effect of humidity on the weight of wood
The weight of wood does not always have the same value. What does it depend on? First of all, from the moisture content of the wood. If we compare, for example, oak and birch, it turns out that a cubic meter of oak weighs 700 kg, and a birch weighs 600 kg. But it could be different. Weighing a cubic meter of birch, we get 900 kg, and oak will show the same 700. Or in both cases it will be 700 kg. Why do we get such different numbers? In this case, the moisture content of the wood plays a role.
There are four degrees of humidity: dry (10-18%), air-dry (19-23%), damp (24-45%) and wet (above 45%). Thus it turns out that different breeds at the same humidity they have different weights, as in the first example above. If the humidity is not the same, then the weight may fluctuate in one direction or another. The standard humidity is 12%.
Different density - different weight
Another factor that affects the weight of wood is its density. The most high density for iron and ebony wood - from 1100 to 1330 kg/m3. Boxwood and bog oak are close to them - 950-1100. For ordinary oak, beech, acacia, pear, and hornbeam, the density is about 700 kg/m3. It is even lower for pine, alder, and bamboo - 500 kg/m3. And the lowest is for cork wood, only 140 kg/m3.
Why do you need to know the weight of a cubic meter of wood?
Having knowledge in this area is sometimes very important. By purchasing construction material, its quantity is impossible for a non-specialist to determine by eye. Knowing the dimensions of the timber or lining, the material from which they are made and its moisture content, simple calculations allow you to determine the weight of the purchased product. How much does a cube of wood weigh? In this case, the answer to this question will help you figure out whether the seller sent you the goods correctly.
Heat transfer from wood
In addition, there is another indicator - heat transfer. It will come to the aid of those who use wood as firewood for heating. The higher the hardness, i.e. The density of the wood species, the higher its calorific value. Of course, no one will heat a room with boxwood, but when choosing between linden and pine or birch and acacia, you can get much more heat if you know which of these species is the hardest. Information about the density of each tree can be gleaned from the tables, since all this information is systematized for ease of use.
Weight of a dense cubic meter, kg
| Breed | Humidity, % | |||||||||||
| 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | |
| Beech | 670 | 680 | 690 | 710 | 720 | 780 | 830 | 890 | 950 | 1000 | 1060 | 1110 |
| Spruce | 440 | 450 | 460 | 470 | 490 | 520 | 560 | 600 | 640 | 670 | 710 | 750 |
| Larch | 660 | 670 | 690 | 700 | 710 | 770 | 820 | 880 | 930 | 990 | 1040 | 1100 |
| Aspen | 490 | 500 | 510 | 530 | 540 | 580 | 620 | 660 | 710 | 750 | 790 | 830 |
| Birch: | ||||||||||||
| - fluffy | 630 | 640 | 650 | 670 | 680 | 730 | 790 | 840 | 890 | 940 | 1000 | 1050 |
| - ribbed | 680 | 690 | 700 | 720 | 730 | 790 | 850 | 900 | 960 | 1020 | 1070 | 1130 |
| - Daurian | 720 | 730 | 740 | 760 | 780 | 840 | 900 | 960 | 1020 | 1080 | 1140 | 1190 |
| - iron | 960 | 980 | 1000 | 1020 | 1040 | 1120 | 1200 | 1280 | — | — | — | — |
| Oak: | ||||||||||||
| - petiolate | 680 | 700 | 720 | 740 | 760 | 820 | 870 | 930 | 990 | 1050 | 1110 | 1160 |
| - eastern | 690 | 710 | 730 | 750 | 770 | 830 | 880 | 940 | 1000 | 1060 | 1120 | 1180 |
| — Georgian | 770 | 790 | 810 | 830 | 850 | 920 | 980 | 1050 | 1120 | 1180 | 1250 | 1310 |
| - Araksinian | 790 | 810 | 830 | 850 | 870 | 940 | 1010 | 1080 | 1150 | 1210 | 1280 | 1350 |
| Pine: | ||||||||||||
| - cedar | 430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 480 | 410 | 550 | 580 | 620 | 660 | 700 | 730 |
| - Siberian | 430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 480 | 410 | 550 | 580 | 620 | 660 | 700 | 730 |
| - ordinary | 500 | 510 | 520 | 540 | 550 | 590 | 640 | 680 | 720 | 760 | 810 | 850 |
| Fir: | ||||||||||||
| - Siberian | 370 | 380 | 390 | 400 | 410 | 440 | 470 | 510 | 540 | 570 | 600 | 630 |
| - white-haired | 390 | 400 | 410 | 420 | 430 | 470 | 500 | 530 | 570 | 600 | 630 | 660 |
| - whole leaf | 390 | 400 | 410 | 420 | 430 | 470 | 500 | 530 | 570 | 600 | 630 | 660 |
| - white | 420 | 430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 500 | 540 | 570 | 610 | 640 | 680 | 710 |
| - Caucasian | 430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 480 | 510 | 550 | 580 | 620 | 660 | 700 | 730 |
| Ash: | ||||||||||||
| - Manchurian | 640 | 660 | 680 | 690 | 710 | 770 | 820 | 880 | 930 | 990 | 1040 | 1100 |
| - ordinary | 670 | 690 | 710 | 730 | 740 | 800 | 860 | 920 | 980 | 1030 | 1090 | 1150 |
| - acute-fruited | 790 | 810 | 830 | 850 | 870 | 940 | 1010 | 1080 | 1150 | 1210 | 1280 | 1350 |
The table shows average mass values. Possible maximum and minimum mass values are 1.3 and 0.7, respectively, from its average value
Softwood lumber is on average considered lighter than hardwood lumber. They are distinguished by ease of processing and durability - resistance to rotting, and therefore are often used for carved decoration of facades. In addition, it is from coniferous species that the longest lumber is produced (more than 6 meters). It is not surprising that they are traditionally in high demand.
The weight of lumber depends on the type of wood and humidity.
However, determining their weight is not such a simple matter. Although the main coniferous species - pine and spruce - are obviously lighter than oak or beech, in fact, if the task is to transport a significant amount of lumber to road transport, there may be a catch waiting for you. “Fresh” wood can often have a weight that is difficult to predict: lumber, depending on the stage of processing, as well as on the area of the forest where the trees were grown, can vary greatly in properties. Here you need to understand specifically.
The weight of softwood lumber according to GOST and in practice
First of all, humidity plays a decisive role in the properties of wood. Raw wood and dried wood can vary in density by half. This is especially true for conifers.
Raw forest - spruce or pine - resin gives additional mass. Humidity depends on the cutting season, on the growing conditions, and on the part of the trunk from which the lumber is produced.
In particular, as for pine, a tree harvested after mid-winter (January) will be 10-20% lighter than the autumn one. If a forest plot is located in an area with high groundwater (closer than 1.5 m to the surface), the tree will be “overloaded” with water, especially the lower part of the trunk. On the other hand, the “cut” forest - the one from which the resin was previously collected - will turn out to be more than 1.5 times lighter than the untouched one. Needless to say, the weight of 1 m3 of freshly cut timber will also greatly depend on climate humidity and similar circumstances.
In processed form, lumber is more or less equal in weight, but still those made from the lower part of the trunk are likely to be heavier: they are initially more moist and, if dried the same, will retain more water. In addition, according to statistics, timber turns out to be lighter than boards of equal cubic capacity (especially unedged ones), even those made from the same log: the core of the trunk from which the timber is cut is naturally looser, and boards are made not only from the core.
In a word, the mass of wet coniferous lumber differs greatly from the mass of dry timber. On average, the weight of one cubic meter of dry pine is 470 kg, and that of wet pine is 890 kg: the difference is almost 2 times. The weight of 1 m3 of dry spruce is 420 kg, and the weight of 1 m3 of wet spruce is 790 kg.
According to GOST, the standard moisture content for wood is 12%. In such conditions, spruce has a density of 450 kg/m3, pine - 520 kg/m3, they are light species. Among conifers, Siberian fir is even lighter: 390 kg/m3. Nevertheless, there are also heavier coniferous species: larch is a medium-density type of wood, weighing 1 m3 - 660 kg, it is superior to birch and almost as good as oak.
Loading...