I often come across the use of the word “Murzilka” in Internet jargon. Yes, and you probably heard it more than once with a modern meaning. What does it mean now? Offensive version of the word "virtual"? Please clarify in the comments...
In the meantime, we will talk about the history and origin of this word.
Story Murzilki began in 1879, when Canadian artist Palmer Cox created a series of drawings about brownies (Brownie) - these are the closest relatives of brownies, small men, about 90 centimeters tall, similar to little elves with brown unkempt hair and bright blue eyes (due to the brown color of their hair, they are called "brownies"). Their skin is predominantly fair, although brownie skin color depends on where they live and what they eat. These creatures come at night and finish what the servants did not have time to do. But this was only a test before the real creation of those images that will subsequently conquer the public. So in 1881, the same brownies appeared in the magazine Wide Awake, which began a triumphal procession, first across America, and then around the world.
In February 1883, Cox began publishing in the New York children's publication St. Nicholas" pictures from brownie, accompanying with poems about the adventures of heroes. And four years later, the first book "The Brownies, Their Book" was published, where a collection of stories about brownies was collected and which sold a million copies. In total, before his death in 1924, Palmer Cox created 15 original books about brownies.
By the way, as such, Cox's brownies did not have names - they were called by characteristic nicknames, such as Chinese, Sailor, Dandy, Jockey, Russian, Hindu, King, Student, Policeman, Canadian, etc.
For the first time, Murzilka and his friends appeared on the pages of the Sincere Word magazine in 1887 in the fairy tale "A boy is the size of a finger, a girl is the size of a fingernail." The author of this fairy tale was the famous writer Anna Borisovna Khvolson, and the illustrations were the drawings of the artist Palmer Cox.
The first edition of The Kingdom of the Little Ones, which included 27 stories and 182 drawings, was published in 1889, followed by reprints in 1898, 1902 and 1915.
In 1913, a book was published in Russia with drawings by Palmer Cox and Russian text from Anna Khvolson “The New Murzilka. Amazing adventures and wanderings of little forest men. Anna Khvolson made a free translation of Cox's texts, giving the characters other names: Maz-Peremaz, Dedko-Bearded, Znayka, Dunno, clever Skok, hunter Mick, Turntable, Chinese Chi-ka-chi, Indian Ski, Microbka, American John, etc. P. Well, actually Murzilka, on whose behalf the story was told.
And it turned out that Murzilka impossibly similar to the well-known to us Nosov Dunno. He is the same braggart, lazy and buzzer, because of his character he constantly gets into various troubles. However, these two heroes also have differences. Murzilka, for example, a real dandy. A tailcoat or a long coat, a top hat, boots with narrow toes, a cane and a monocle are indispensable components of his everyday costume.
So Dunno's predilection for provocatively bright tones in clothes would have been unpleasantly struck by the refined taste of Murzilka. But this difference is purely external. Although character Murzilki or, as his friends call him, “Empty Head” is quite similar to the character of his literary descendant, Dunno is written out in much more detail and volume. And if Khvolson's hero is deliberately caricatured and conditional, then Nosov's is a lively, charming and recognizable boy. Therefore, probably, over careless and boastful Murzilka readers only laugh, but Dunno often sympathize, sincerely pity and love him.
So, the name Murzilka was born in 1913. Two years later, Anna Khvelson releases an independent work called “The Kingdom of Babies. Adventures Murzilki and forest men ", which was illustrated by the works of the same Palmer Cox, but since it was not included in the official brownie bibliography, it can be considered a remake.
It was a boy in a black tailcoat, with a huge white flower in his buttonhole, in a silk top hat and long-nosed boots that were fashionable at that time .. And he always had an elegant cane and a monocle in his hands. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, these fairy tales were very popular. Myself Murzilka, according to the plot of the fairy tale, he constantly got into some funny stories. But after the 1917 revolution, the book was no longer published, and everyone forgot about this hero.
next time about Murzilka remembered in 1924, when a new children's magazine was being created under Rabochaya Gazeta. Some of the founders remembered this name and it was adopted almost unanimously. But do not put it on the cover of a brownie! That's why Murzilka became a red outbred puppy who accompanied his master, the boy Petka, everywhere. His friends also changed - now they were pioneers, Octobrists, as well as their parents. However, the puppy did not last long - he soon disappeared, and Petka subsequently left the pages of the magazine.
It is traditionally believed that a certain fluffy yellow creature was born by the artist Aminadav Kanevsky at the request of the editors in 1937. However, back in the 1950s Murzilka was a little man wearing an acorn hat on his head instead of a beret. So he appeared in several cartoons, the last of which is “ Murzilka on satellite"- was established in 1960. It was this beret that later became an indispensable attribute of Murzilka, when he turned yellow and overgrown.
Soon other heroes began to appear in this magazine - evil sorceress Yabeda-Koryabeda, the talking cat Shunka, Soroka-Balabolka, Sportlendik and Ladybug. All these characters have become the main headings of the magazine - funny and entertaining stories, curiosity questions, sports pages, stories about nature.
The best children's writers were published on the pages of Murzilka: Samuil Marshak, Korney Chukovsky, Sergei Mikhalkov, Boris Zakhoder, Agniya Barto. The smallest " Murzilka"instilled a love of learning with the help of bright pictures, interestingly beaten plots and perky rhymes.
In 1977 - 1983. the magazine published "A detective-mysterious story about Yabeda-Koryabeda and her 12 agents" (author and artist A. Semyonov) and its continuation. Often the magazine took on far from children's topics. For toddlers who have just learned to read, Murzilka”Talked about the conquest of space, the construction of the Dnieper Hydroelectric Power Station, the Olympics-80, and even interpreted the ideology of the party - “Octobers about the Communists.”
Magazine " Murzilka is still being published. It is listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as "the longest-running children's magazine".
Let's recall a few more answers to interesting questions: or here, as well as no less interesting The original article is on the website InfoGlaz.rf Link to the article from which this copy is made -Children's magazine Murzilka is 93 years old!
Despite any political and economic changes, he is alive and even got used to the Internet.
The first issue came out on May 16, 1924.
A mongrel puppy was placed on the cover, which accompanied its owner everywhere - a red-haired boy Petka.
Then a yellow and fluffy Murzilka appeared.
He got his name thanks to the mischievous and prankster - a little forest man who existed in popular books for children at the end of the 19th century.
It was a little man in a tailcoat, with a cane and a monocle.
Then the image of the forest Murzilka changed to the image of an ordinary small dog helping everyone who is in trouble. But this image did not stick.
In 1937, the famous artist Aminadav Kanevsky created a new Murzilka.
They became a yellow hero, in a red beret and scarf, with a camera slung over his shoulder.
AT different years Agniya Barto, Korney Chukovsky, S. Marshak, M. Prishvin, K. Paustovsky, V. Berestov, Yu. Korinets collaborated with the magazine.
Murzilka publishes children's fairy tales, fairy tales, children's stories, plays, children's poems. New contemporary poems and stories for children are published in the magazine along with well-established classics for children: poems by Mikhalkov and Barto, on which the parents of today's children grew up.
Despite the solid age of Murzilka, it remains modern and relevant.
Keeping up with the times, and considering that one of the main entertainments for children now is a computer, Murzilka has mastered the Internet - children now have access to electronic version favorite magazine.
On May 16, 1924, the first issue of the Murzilka magazine was published in the Soviet Union, intended for younger children. school age- from 6 to 12 years old, which very quickly became a popular children's literary and artistic publication ...
The history of Murzilka began in 1879, when the Canadian artist Palmer Cox created a series of drawings about brownies (Brownie) - these are the closest relatives of brownies, small men, about 90 centimeters tall, similar to little elves with brown unkempt hair and bright blue eyes (because of the brown hair they are called "brownies").
Their skin is predominantly fair, although brownie skin color depends on where they live and what they eat. These creatures come at night and finish what the servants did not have time to do. But this was only a test before the real creation of those images that will subsequently conquer the public. So in 1881, the same brownies appeared in the magazine Wide Awake, which began a triumphal procession, first across America, and then around the world.
In February 1883, Cox began publishing in the New York children's publication St. Nicholas" pictures with brownies, accompanied by poems about the adventures of heroes. And four years later, the first book "The Brownies, Their Book" was published, where a collection of stories about brownies was collected and which sold a million copies. In total, before his death in 1924, Palmer Cox created 15 original books about brownies.
By the way, as such, Cox's brownies did not have names - they were called by characteristic nicknames, such as Chinese, Sailor, Dandy, Jockey, Russian, Hindu, King, Student, Policeman, Canadian, etc.
First Murzilka and his friends appeared on the pages of the Sincere Word magazine in 1887 in the fairy tale "A boy is the size of a finger, a girl is the size of a fingernail." The author of this fairy tale was the famous writer Anna Borisovna Khvolson, and the illustrations were the drawings of the artist Palmer Cox. The first edition of The Kingdom of the Little Ones, which included 27 stories and 182 drawings, was published in 1889, followed by reprints in 1898, 1902 and 1915.
In 1913, a book was published in Russia with drawings by Palmer Cox and Russian text from Anna Khvolson “The New Murzilka. Amazing adventures and wanderings of little forest men. Anna Khvolson made a free translation of Cox's texts, giving the characters other names: Maz-Peremaz, Dedko-Bearded, Znayka, Dunno, clever Skok, hunter Mick, Turntable, Chinese Chi-ka-chi, Indian Ski, Microbka, American John, etc. P. Well, actually Murzilka, on whose behalf the story was told.
And it turned out that Murzilka is incredibly similar to the famous Dunno known to us. He is the same braggart, lazy and buzzer, because of his character he constantly gets into various troubles. However, these two heroes also have differences. Murzilka, for example, is a true dandy. A tailcoat or a long coat, a top hat, boots with narrow toes, a cane and a monocle are indispensable components of his everyday costume. So Dunno's predilection for provocatively bright tones in clothes would have been unpleasantly struck by the refined taste of Murzilka.
But this difference is purely external. Although the character of Murzilka or, as his friends call him, "Empty Head" is quite similar to the character of his literary descendant, Dunno is written out in much more detail and volume. And if Khvolson's hero is deliberately caricatured and conditional, then Nosov's is a lively, charming and recognizable boy. Therefore, probably, readers only laugh at the careless and boastful Murzilka, but Dunno often sympathize, sincerely pity and love him.
So the name Murzilka was born in 1913. Two years later, Anna Khvelson releases an independent work called “The Kingdom of Babies. The Adventures of Murzilka and the Forest Men, which was illustrated by the works of the same Palmer Cox, but since it was not included in the official brownie bibliography, it can be considered a remake.
It was a boy in a black tailcoat, with a huge white flower in his buttonhole, in a silk top hat and long-nosed boots that were fashionable at that time .. And he always had an elegant cane and a monocle in his hands. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, these fairy tales were very popular. Murzilka himself, according to the plot of the tale, constantly got into some funny stories. But after the revolution of 1917, the book was no longer published, and everyone forgot about this hero ...
next time about Murzilka remembered in 1924, when a new children's magazine was being created under Rabochaya Gazeta. Some of the founders remembered this name and it was adopted almost unanimously. But do not put it on the cover of a brownie! Therefore, a red outbred puppy became Murzilka, who accompanied his master, the boy Petka, everywhere.
His friends also changed - now they were pioneers, Octobrists, as well as their parents. However, the puppy did not last long - he soon disappeared, and Petka subsequently left the pages of the magazine.
It is traditionally believed that a certain fluffy yellow creature was born by the artist Aminadav Kanevsky at the request of the editors in 1937. However, back in the 50s, Murzilka was a little man wearing an acorn hat on his head instead of a beret. So he appeared in several cartoons, the last of which - "Murzilka on the satellite" - was created in 1960. It was this beret that later became an indispensable attribute of Murzilka, when he turned yellow and overgrown.
Soon other heroes began to appear in this magazine - the evil sorceress Yabeda-Koryabeda, the talking cat Shunka, Magpie-Balabolka, Sportlendik and Ladybug. All these characters have become the main headings of the magazine - funny and entertaining stories, curiosity questions, sports pages, stories about nature.
The best children's writers were published on the pages of Murzilka: Samuil Marshak, Korney Chukovsky, Sergei Mikhalkov, Boris Zakhoder, Agniya Barto. “Murzilka” instilled in the youngest children a love of learning with the help of bright pictures, interestingly played plots and provocative rhymes.
In 1977 - 1983. the magazine published "A detective-mysterious story about Yabeda-Koryabeda and her 12 agents" (author and artist A. Semyonov) and its continuation. Often the magazine took on far from children's topics. To kids who had only recently learned to read, "Murzilka" told about the conquest of space, the construction of the DneproGES, the Olympics-80, and even interpreted the ideology of the party - "Octobers about the Communists."
The magazine "Murzilka" is still published. In 2011, it was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as "the longest-running children's magazine". Over the long history of the existence of the beloved children's magazine, its release has never been interrupted.
Modern "Murzilka" is a full-color glossy publication, as before, full of interesting, informative materials on topics that attract not only young readers, but also their parents. With a variety of topics and an interesting presentation, the magazine strives to satisfy the ever-growing demands of its readers. Many materials are not only informational in nature, call for creativity, but also bring up useful skills. It also publishes materials that complement the program. elementary school.
"Murzilka" is a mirror of our children's literature. After all, it still preserves traditions, collecting on its pages only the best examples of modern Russian literature for children. The magazine is published once a month with a circulation of 60,000 copies.
Back in 1924, writers and artists got together and decided to publish a magazine for children. No sooner said than done: stories, poems were written, pictures were drawn. But the magazine does not have a name yet. They thought, argued, guessed. And to someone I remembered the popular pre-revolutionary books about the funny adventures of little forest men who wander around the world. Among the many tiny creatures was a mischievous and prankster named Murzilka. He didn't look like he does now. In addition, the popularity of him and the little forest men was so great that on the basis of the then popular magazine for the little ones, Sincere Word, a newspaper of the kingdom of babies called Murzilka Journal was published in 1908:
And here is a poetic portrait of Murzilka the Elf, published in 1908 in this newspaper:
Knock, knock, knock on the glass ... He opened the window,
I see - suddenly a very strange guest flies in.
The growth of a fingernail, nimble thin-legged
And in his little hand he holds a cane tightly ...
There was that guest in a tailcoat with tails-ends,
In a silk top hat, with a glass in the eye,
in elegant boots with long socks
And his eyes looked like a dragonfly ...
Murzilka! - this name became a godsend and established itself both for the hero and for the new magazine. And in 1924 the very first issue of the Murzilka magazine was published.
But on this, apparently, the doubts of the editorial board about the correctness of the choice of the hero of the magazine did not end, since in the book Murzilka was still a little man or a dwarf, and in the magazine he had to become a little white dog and travel with his friend and owner - the boy Petya:
He was friends with the pioneers, knew the homeless, was almost stabbed to death by one doctor for the needs of medicine, spent the night in a cage with a polar bear, flew on hot-air balloon, lived at the fire station ...
However, even in this guise, writers, artists, and the children themselves did not really like Murzilka, and the hero began to appear less and less on the pages, and then completely disappeared. And without a hero, a children's magazine is boring.
And then the editors asked the famous artist Aminadav Kanevsky to create the image of Murzilka. It was in 1937:
Few people know that the magazine owes its existence to the Canadian artist and writer Palmer Cox. AT late XIX he released a cycle of poems about the small people "brownie". And a little later, the Russian writer Anna Khvolson, inspired by the works of Cox, created her own series of stories, where the main character was Murzilka, a little man in a tailcoat and with a monocle.
In 1908, his popularity was quite large, and the editors of the Sincere Word publication began to publish an appendix - the newspaper Murzilki Journal.
In the twenties, this publication turned into an independent magazine, but the “bourgeois” image of the protagonist had to be abandoned. Murzilka has turned into an ordinary puppy with a good-natured smile, living with Petya and comprehending the world. He flew in a balloon, traveled with pioneers, slept in the same cage with a polar bear, etc.
In the thirties, thanks to the artist Aminadav Kanevsky, Murzilka acquired the image in which he has survived to this day, although somewhat modified - a yellow puppy in a red beret, a striped scarf, with a postman's bag and a camera.
At the end of the thirties, Murzilka disappeared from the pages of the publication and appeared only in the war years in the form. The magazine called for help in military affairs, told about exploits and much more. When the war ended, the familiar yellow puppy returned again. At this time, S. Marshak, S. Mikhalkov, V. Bianchi, K. Paustovsky, M. Prishvin, E. Schwartz and others began to print on the pages of the publication.
During the thaw, the circulation of the magazine grew to crazy numbers - about five million copies were produced. Along with this, talented authors appeared - A. Barto, V. Dragunsky, Yu. Kazakov, A. Nekrasov, V. Astafiev and others. Following the sun, etc.
In the seventies, thematic issues devoted to rivers, fairy tales and other areas began to appear. Works by foreign authors also began to appear - Otfried Preusler, Donald Bissetga, Astrid Lindgren, Tove Jansson.
During perestroika, a competent editor, Tatyana Filippovna Androsenko, began to lead the magazines. It was thanks to her that the publication did not sink into obscurity. Circulation fell, printing houses refused to print it, but all these problems were solved. Even new authors began to appear.
At present, Murzilka is a modern glossy publication that has not departed from its traditions - the search for new young talented authors, high quality products, educational and entertaining materials for younger students.
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