Yevgeny Khaldei - Soviet photographer and war correspondent. He went through all 1418 days of the Great Patriotic War, his combat path stretched from Murmansk to Berlin. In the archive of the photographer, the Great Patriotic War is presented from the first to the last day. Through his eyes we see the first day of the war in 1941 and the Victory Parade on Red Square in 1945, the liberation of Sevastopol and European cities, the trial of the main Nazi criminals in Nuremberg and, of course, the Victory Banner over the Reichstag. Photos of the Soviet photojournalist scattered all over the planet and became part of world history.
According to Time magazine, Yevgeny Khaldei's "Victory Banner over the Reichstag" is one of the 100 most outstanding photographs that changed the world. In 1995, at the International Festival of Photojournalism in France, Yevgeny Chaldei was awarded the title of "Knight of the Order of Arts and Letters" by a special decree of the French President.
Evgeny Khaldei
Moscow. June 22, 1941 On the streets of the city, passers-by froze in front of a loudspeaker, from which an important government message is heard. Vyacheslav Molotov, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the USSR, reports on the radio about the German attack on the Soviet Union.
This is the first picture of the first day of the war, taken in Moscow on June 22, 1941 by photojournalist Yevgeny Khaldei.
- Moscow still lived a peaceful life, the streets were calm. Exactly at 12 o'clock Minister of Foreign Affairs Vyacheslav Molotov spoke on the radio: War! Literally two or three minutes after the start of the speech, I saw people gathered on the opposite side of the street in front of the loudspeaker. They listened silently, attentively, trying not to miss a single word. I jumped out of the building and took this first picture of the first day of the war ... People did not disperse. They stood silent and thought. I tried to ask: about what? No one answered. What was I thinking? About the fact that there will be the last snapshot of the war, victorious. But as far as I remember, I didn’t think about whether it would be possible for me to make it ..., - Evgeny Khaldei recalled.
Five long years of the terrible and bloody Great Patriotic War will pass before the main one - the victorious photo "Victory Banner over the Reichstag", which was made by Yevgeny Khaldei. Then, in June of the 41st, he could not even think that it was his “last picture of the war” that would forever become a symbol of the Great Victory.
Evgeny Khaldei
The beginning of the creative path
Yevgeny Khaldey was born on March 23, 1917 in Yuzovka (now the capital of Donbass - Donetsk). On March 13, 1918, during a Jewish pogrom, his mother and grandfather were killed, and he, a one-year-old child, received a bullet wound in the chest. The father, who survived the pogrom, was killed by the Nazis in 1941.
As a child, Yevgeny Khaldei was raised by his grandmother. From an early age, Zhenya was interested in photography: he was an apprentice in a local photo studio, where he helped a photographer neighbor. At the age of 13, he went to work in a factory. At the same time, he took his first picture with a home-made camera: the lens of his grandmother's glasses served as the lens, and the body was an ordinary cardboard box. Soon, Zhenya bought his first real camera, Fotokor-1, on an installment plan, and began photographing the life of the industrial region. The editor of the factory newspaper drew attention to one of his photographs. This was the beginning of the creative path of the photographer Yevgeny Khaldei.
Worker. Donbass
For several years he diligently engaged in photography and published in local newspapers. His pictures were published in the regional newspapers "Metalist", "Stalin worker", "Socialist Donbass". In 1934, he became a photojournalist for the Soyuzfoto agency (the future of TASS) in the Donbass. In October 1936, Yevgeny Khaldei was hired as a staff correspondent for the TASS Photo Chronicle in Moscow. Then, on the advice of one of his colleagues, instead of his real name Efim, he will take a pseudonym - Eugene.
In 1937-1939 he did military service in Karelia in the border troops of the NKVD, after demobilization he returned to work in the TASS Photo Chronicle.
Most of the time Evgeny Khaldei spent on business trips. Filmed reports in Western Ukraine, Yakutia, Karelia and Belarus.
And then the war started...
Murmansk, 1941
A journey of 1418 days
With Leika and a notebook, Yevgeny Khaldei went through the entire war, a military path 1418 days long. As a photojournalist for TASS, he, along with the Soviet army, visited many fronts of the Great Patriotic War.
In June 1941, he was sent to Murmansk, where he was assigned to the Northern Fleet for two years.
Marine landing. Arctic, 1941
- At the end of June, I went to the Northern Fleet. First air raids. The first fires at Lodeynoye station. Finally, Murmansk, Kola Bay, a tugboat going to Polyarnoye, trying on a military uniform. Here I had to film the war.
June 1942. Murmansk. An uncountable number of bombs were dropped by German aircraft on the city. Consisting mainly of wooden houses, the settlement turned into ashes, only brick chimneys remained.
From the memoirs of Evgeny Khaldei:
- In June 1942, the Nazis decided to burn Murmansk to the ground. More than half of the wooden city, on which thousands of incendiary and high-explosive bombs were dropped, was on fire. People died in the fire, houses. Then in June 1942, I met an old woman there. She was carrying a wooden suitcase - all that was left of the hearth. I photographed her. The woman lowered her suitcase, sat down on it and reproachfully said: “Why are you, son, photographing my grief, our misfortune? Now, if you took a picture of how ours are bombing Germany! I felt uncomfortable. “Yes, mother,” I said, “you are right, of course. But, probably, it will happen to take such a picture. ”
Murmansk, June 1942
Three years later, a photograph of a woman with a suitcase from Murmansk, along with several other photographs of Yevgeny Khaldei, was used as evidence at the Nuremberg Trials.
After a German air raid. Murmansk
In 1943, Yevgeny Khaldei was transferred to the Black Sea. The photojournalist filmed military everyday life in Novorossiysk, Kerch, Feodosia, Bakhchisarai, Simferopol and Sevastopol.
Battles for Novorossiysk
From the memoirs of Evgeny Khaldei:
- I happened to participate in the very first battles for Novorossiysk. I filmed those who fought for the city, liberating quarter after quarter, who hoisted the flag at the monument to Lenin in front of the port administration building. Then - the Kerch bridgehead. Kerch (and again - the naval flag, now on Mount Mithridates), Feodosia, Simferopol, Bakhchisaray, battles on Sapun Mountain and - Sevastopol. It was a year before the Victory ...
Liberation of Europe
March 26, 1944 is a significant date in the history of the Great Patriotic War. On this day, Soviet troops reached the state border of the USSR on the Prut River.
Soviet soldiers crossed the Prut River and moved the fighting to the territory of Romania. From that moment a new stage of the war began: the liberation of the peoples of Europe from the Nazi invaders.
In liberated Bulgaria, 1944
From the memoirs of Evgeny Khaldei:
- It sounded a little strange - "the liberation of Europe." In the reports of the Information Bureau, we are accustomed to hearing about the liberation of our settlements and cities in the Ukraine, in Belarus, on the Black Sea. And now we were standing at the border with Romania. There was no military map, somewhere I found an old geographical atlas, tore out the corresponding page from it - and using this map I was guided in Europe. In August 1944, Soviet troops entered the territory of Romania ... Then there was Bulgaria: Ruse, Lovech (here our “Studebaker” was lifted and carried by a thousand people in their arms, here I managed to take a picture of “Joying Bulgaria”), Staro Tarnovo and, finally, Sofia, welcoming the Red Army with all my heart, with great joy ... Then - again Bucharest, a jump on a special communication plane "U-2" through Transylvania Alps, fighting on the outskirts of Belgrade. Here we felt the warmth and friendship of the inhabitants and soldiers of the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia, among whom Soviet soldiers fought. After heavy fighting, we entered the liberated Belgrade. In December 1944 I was already in Hungary and participated in the liberation of Budapest. Then the battles for Vienna began.
The story of one photo
The legendary photo "Victory Banner over the Reichstag" was taken by Yevgeny Chaldei on May 2, 1945 in Berlin. The picture depicted the fighters of the 8th Guards Army: Alexei Kovalev, Abdulkhakim Ismailov and Leonid Gorichev. This photo is not a reportage, but staged. The photographer asked the soldiers to help take a historical photograph. Then I shot two cassettes with them. The banner that Alexei Kovalev is holding in the photo, Yevgeny Khaldei brought with him.
From the memoirs of Evgeny Khaldei:
- After all, I have long been thinking about how to put my “point” in the protracted war: what could be more significant - the banner of victory over the defeated enemy! .. By the end of the war, I no longer returned from business trips without photographs with banners over liberated or taken cities. The flags over Novorossiysk, over Kerch, over Sevastopol, which were liberated exactly one year before the Victory, are perhaps more dear to me than others. And such a case presented itself, - says Khaldei. - As soon as I returned to Moscow from Vienna, the editors of the TASS Photo Chronicle ordered me to fly to Berlin the next morning.
An order is an order, and I began to quickly get ready: I understood that Berlin was the end of the war. My distant relative, the tailor Israel Kishitser, with whom I lived in Leontievsky Lane, helped me sew three flags by cutting red local committee tablecloths, which the TASS supply manager Grisha Lyubinsky "gave" me. I cut out the star, hammer and sickle with my own hands from white material ... By morning, all three flags were ready. I rushed to the airfield and flew to Berlin ...
The first banner was installed on the roof of the Tempelhof airfield, the second near the chariot on the Brandenburg Gate. The third banner was installed on the roof of the Reichstag.
Officially, the main banner over the Reichstag (there were more than forty different units in total) was hoisted the day before by Soviet soldiers Mikhail Yegorov, Meliton Kantaria and Alexei Berest.
From the memoirs of Evgeny Khaldei:
- But I didn’t set such a task (to climb first): I had to climb at all costs with my “tablecloth” onto the roof of the Reichstag ... And with the flag in my bosom, I stealthily walked around the Reichstag and made my way into it from the side of the main entrance. There was still fighting in the vicinity. I came across several soldiers and officers. Without saying a word, instead of “hello”, I took out my last flag ... I don’t remember how we ended up on the roof ... I immediately began to look for a convenient place to shoot. The dome was on fire. From below, smoke was billowing in clubs, it was blazing, sparks were pouring - it was almost impossible to come close. And then he began to look for another place - so that the prospect was visible. I saw the Brandenburg Gate below - somewhere there was my flag ... When I found a good point, I immediately, barely holding on to a small parapet, began to shoot. Shot two cassettes. I took both horizontal and vertical shots. When filming, I stood on the very edge of the roof ... Of course, it was scary. But when I had already gone downstairs and looked again at the roof of the building, where I had been a few minutes ago and saw my flag over the Reichstag, I realized that I had not risked in vain.
That same evening, Evgeny Khaldei went to Moscow with the footage. Then he returned to Berlin, where he continued to shoot the defeated capital of Germany, victorious soldiers leaving their autographs on the columns of the Reichstag, a traffic controller girl strictly monitoring traffic at the Brandenburg Gate.
Then there was the Victory Parade in Moscow and the Nuremberg Trials.
USSR USSR→Russia, Russia
photo chronicle
Evgeniy Ananievich Khaldei(March 23 - October 6) - Soviet photographer, military photojournalist.
Biography
Evgeny Khaldei was born in Yuzovka (now Donetsk). During the Jewish pogrom on March 13, 1918, his mother and grandfather were killed, and the one-year-old child himself was shot in the chest. He studied at a cheder, from the age of 13 he began working at a factory. The first picture was taken at the age of 13 with a self-made camera. At the age of 16, he began working as a photojournalist. Since 1939 he has been a correspondent for TASS Photo Chronicle. Filmed Dneprostroy, reports about Alexei Stakhanov. Represented the editors of TASS on the naval front during the Great Patriotic War. He went through all 1418 days of the war with a Leica camera from Murmansk to Berlin. He filmed the Paris Foreign Ministers' Conference, the defeat of the Japanese in the Far East, the conference of the heads of the Allied Powers in Potsdam, the hoisting of the flag over the Reichstag, the signing of Germany's surrender.
The banner with a sickle and a hammer, captured in the photograph, Khaldei brought with him. According to Khaldei's memoirs, he asked the tailor Israel Kishitzer to sew three flags from red tablecloths. Arriving in Berlin, Khaldei took pictures with each of the three flags.
The first flag was set away from the Reichstag, on the roof of the headquarters of the 8th Guards Army, near the sculpture of an eagle perched on the globe. Khaldei climbed up there with three fighters and took several photographs.
The second flag was placed over the Brandenburg Gate. According to Khaldei's memoirs, on the morning of May 2, 1945, Lieutenant Kuzma Dudeev, Sergeant Ivan Andreev and he climbed the Brandenburg Gate, strengthened the flag and took a picture. On the way back, Chaldea had to jump from a great height, and he knocked off his legs.
When Khaldei got to the Reichstag, from which the Nazis were knocked out, there were already many flags installed there. Having stumbled upon several fighters, he took out his flag and asked them to help him climb onto the roof. Having found a convenient point for shooting, he filmed two cassettes. The flag was tied by a resident of Kiev Alexei Kovalev (d. 1997). He was assisted by the foreman of the reconnaissance company of the 82nd Guards Rifle Zaporozhye Red Banner Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky Division Abdulkhakim Ismailov from Dagestan (1916-2010) and Leonid Gorychev from Minsk.
On the original of one of the frames of a series of photographs, Abdulkhakim Ismailov standing below, helping Kovalev, has a wristwatch on each hand, which could arouse suspicions of looting, and although it cannot be said for sure that this is a watch, and not, for example, a field compass, the fact remains that the picture was retouched before its publication.
- "Victory Banner over the Reichstag" in philately
Other notable works
Personal photo exhibitions
- "Yevgeny Khaldei - Der bedeutende Augenblick". Eine Retrospektive: Martin-Gropius-Bau, Berlin 2008
- Personal exhibition of Evgeny Ananievich Khaldei - 1982, exhibition hall of the Union of Artists of Volgograd.
- Personal exhibition of Evgeny Ananyevich Khaldei - spring 1978, Sevastopol Art Museum in Sevastopol. Introductory speech at the opening - Konstantin Simonov.
Bibliography
- Ernst Volland. Heinz Krimmer. "Von Moskau nach Berlin: Bilder des Fotografen Jewgeni Chaldej". Berlin: Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung. 1994 ISBN 3-87584-522-6.
- Alexander Nakhimovsky; Alice Nakhimovsky. Witness to History: The Photographs of Yevgeny Khaidei. photographs by Yevgeny Khaldei. New York: Aperture. 1997 ISBN 0-89381-738-4.
- Mark Grosset. "Khaldei: Un photoreporter en Union Sovietique". Paris: Chene. 2004 ISBN 2-84277-548-1.
- "ALBUM OF YEVGENY CHALDEY" FROM THE SERIES "PHOTOGRAPHIC HERITAGE" Publishing house "Art-Rodnik" Moscow 2007
- Yevgeny Khaldei"Das Banner des Sieges", Berlin Story Verlag 2008 ISBN 978-3-929829-91-4
- Evgeny Khaldei. "From Murmansk to Berlin", Murmansk book publishing house. 1984
- Fedorenko A.S. The Great Victory through the lens of Evgeny Khaldei. - Donetsk: A. S. Fedorenko publishing house, 2014. - 368 p. - ISBN 978-966-2485-12-7.
Write a review on the article "Khaldey, Evgeny Ananyevich"
Notes
Links
- . .
- (unavailable link - story) . .
- . .
- . .
- . .
- . .
- www.chayka.org/node/585 "Flag of victory over the Reichstag" Article by Mikhail Lemkhin
see also
An excerpt characterizing Khaldei, Evgeny Ananyevich
XIOn the third day of Christmas, Nikolai dined at home, which rarely happened to him lately. It was an official farewell dinner, since he and Denisov were leaving for the regiment after Epiphany. About twenty people dined, including Dolokhov and Denisov.
Never in the house of the Rostovs did the air of love, the atmosphere of love, make themselves felt with such force as on these days of holidays. “Catch moments of happiness, force yourself to love, fall in love yourself! Only this one thing is real in the world - the rest is all nonsense. And this is the only thing we are busy with here,” this atmosphere said. Nikolay, as always, having tortured two pairs of horses and even then without having time to visit all the places where he needed to be and where he was called, arrived home just before dinner. As soon as he entered, he noticed and felt the tension of the loving atmosphere in the house, but in addition he noticed a strange confusion reigning between some of the members of the society. Sonya, Dolokhov, the old countess, and a little Natasha were especially excited. Nikolay realized that something had to happen before dinner between Sonya and Dolokhov, and with his characteristic tenderness of heart, he was very gentle and cautious, during dinner, in dealing with both of them. On the same evening of the third day of the holidays, there was to be one of those balls at Yogel's (dance teacher), which he gave on holidays for all his students.
- Nikolenka, are you going to Yogel? Please, go, - Natasha told him, - he especially asked you, and Vasily Dmitritch (it was Denisov) is going.
“Where I don’t go on the orders of Mr. Afini!” said Denisov, who jokingly put himself in the Rostovs’ house on the foot of the knight Natasha, “pas de chale [dance with a shawl] is ready to dance.
- If I can! I promised the Arkharovs, they have an evening, - said Nikolai.
- And you? ... - he turned to Dolokhov. And as soon as I asked this, I noticed that I shouldn't have asked this.
“Yes, maybe ...” Dolokhov replied coldly and angrily, glancing at Sonya and, frowning, just with the same look that he had looked at Pierre at the club dinner, he again looked at Nikolai.
“There is something,” thought Nikolai, and this assumption was even more confirmed by the fact that Dolokhov left immediately after dinner. He called Natasha and asked what it was?
“I was looking for you,” Natasha said, running out to him. “I said you still didn’t want to believe,” she said triumphantly, “he proposed to Sonya.
No matter how little Nikolai Sonya did during this time, something seemed to come off in him when he heard this. Dolokhov was a decent and in some respects a brilliant match for the dowryless orphan Sonya. From the point of view of the old countess and society, it was impossible to refuse him. And therefore, the first feeling of Nikolai, when he heard this, was bitterness against Sonya. He was preparing to say: "And it's fine, of course, you have to forget the childhood promises and accept the offer"; but he didn't get to say it yet...
– Can you imagine! she refused, absolutely refused! Natasha spoke up. “She said she loved another,” she added, after a pause.
“Yes, my Sonya could not do otherwise!” thought Nicholas.
- No matter how much mother asked her, she refused, and I know she will not change if she said something ...
- And my mother asked her! Nikolay said reproachfully.
“Yes,” said Natasha. “You know, Nikolenka, don’t be angry; but I know you won't marry her. I know, God knows why, I know for sure, you will not marry.
“Well, you don’t know that at all,” said Nikolai; But I need to talk to her. What a charm, this Sonya! he added smiling.
- It's such a charm! I will send it to you. - And Natasha, kissing her brother, ran away.
A minute later, Sonya came in, frightened, confused and guilty. Nicholas went up to her and kissed her hand. It was the first time that on this visit they spoke face to face and about their love.
“Sophie,” he said at first timidly, and then more and more boldly, “if you want to refuse not only a brilliant, profitable party; but he is a fine, noble man... he is my friend...
Sonya interrupted him.
“I already refused,” she said hastily.
- If you refuse for me, then I'm afraid that on me ...
Sonya interrupted him again. She looked at him with pleading, frightened eyes.
"Nicolas, don't tell me that," she said.
- No, I have to. Maybe it's suffisance [arrogance] on my part, but it's better to say. If you refuse for me, then I must tell you the whole truth. I love you, I think, more than anyone ...
“That’s enough for me,” said Sonya, flushing.
- No, but I have fallen in love a thousand times and will continue to fall in love, although I have no such feeling of friendship, trust, love for anyone as for you. Then I'm young. Maman doesn't want this. Well, just, I'm not promising anything. And I ask you to think about Dolokhov's proposal,” he said, pronouncing his friend's name with difficulty.
- Don't tell me that. I do not want anything. I love you like a brother, and I will always love you, and I don’t need anything else.
- You are an angel, I do not stand you, but I am only afraid to deceive you. Nicholas kissed her hand again.
Iogel had the funniest balls in Moscow. This was said by mothers, looking at their adolescentes, [girls] doing their newly learned steps; this was said by the adolescentes and adolescents themselves, [girls and boys] dancing until they dropped; these grown girls and young people who came to these balls with the idea of descending to them and finding the best fun in them. In the same year, two marriages took place at these balls. Two pretty princesses Gorchakovs found suitors and got married, and all the more they let these balls into glory. What was special at these balls was that there was no host and hostess: there was, like fluff flying, bowing according to the rules of art, good-natured Yogel, who accepted tickets for lessons from all his guests; was that these balls were still attended only by those who wanted to dance and have fun, as 13 and 14 year old girls want this, putting on long dresses for the first time. All, with rare exceptions, were or seemed pretty: they all smiled so enthusiastically and their eyes lit up so much. Sometimes the best students even danced pas de chale, of which the best was Natasha, distinguished by her grace; but at this, the last ball, only ecossaises, anglaises and the mazurka, which was just coming into fashion, danced. The hall was taken by Yogel to Bezukhov's house, and the ball was a great success, as everyone said. There were many pretty girls, and the Rostov young ladies were among the best. Both of them were especially happy and cheerful. That evening, Sonya, proud of Dolokhov's proposal, her refusal and explanation with Nikolai, was still circling at home, not allowing the girl to comb her braids, and now shone through with impetuous joy.
Natasha, no less proud that she was in a long dress for the first time, at a real ball, was even happier. Both were in white, muslin dresses with pink ribbons.
Natasha became in love from the very moment she entered the ball. She was not in love with anyone in particular, but she was in love with everyone. In the one she looked at at the moment she looked, she was in love with him.
- Oh, how good! she kept saying, running up to Sonya.
Nikolai and Denisov walked through the halls, looking affectionately and patronizingly at the dancers.
- How sweet she is, she will be, - said Denisov.
- Who?
“Mr. Athena Natasha,” answered Denisov.
“And how she dances, what a g"ation! - after a pause, he said again.
- Who are you talking about?
“About your sister,” Denisov shouted angrily.
Rostov chuckled.
– Mon cher comte; vous etes l "un de mes meilleurs ecoliers, il faut que vous dansiez," said little Yogel, approaching Nikolai. "Voyez combien de jolies demoiselles. [Dear count, you are one of my best students. You need to dance. Look how many pretty girls!] - He turned to Denisov, also his former student, with the same request.
- Non, mon cher, je fe "ai tapisse" ie, [No, my dear, I'll sit by the wall,] said Denisov. "Don't you remember how badly I used your lessons?"
- Oh no! – hastily comforting him, said Yogel. - You were only inattentive, but you had the ability, yes, you had the ability.
The newly introduced mazurka began to play; Nikolai could not refuse Yogel and invited Sonya. Denisov sat down next to the old women and leaned on his saber, stomping to the beat, telling something merrily and making the old ladies laugh, looking at the dancing youth. Yogel in the first pair danced with Natasha, his pride and best student. Softly, gently moving his feet in his shoes, Yogel was the first to fly across the hall with Natasha, who was timid, but diligently doing her steps. Denisov did not take his eyes off her and tapped time with his saber, with an air that clearly said that he himself did not dance only because he did not want to, and not because he could not. In the middle of the figure, he called to him Rostov, who was passing by.
“That's not it at all,” he said. - Is this a Polish mazu "ka? And she dances well." Knowing that Denisov was even famous in Poland for his skill in dancing the Polish mazurka, Nikolai ran up to Natasha:
- Go ahead, choose Denisov. Here she is dancing! Miracle! - he said.
When it was Natasha's turn again, she stood up and quickly fingering her shoes with bows, timidly, ran alone through the hall to the corner where Denisov was sitting. She saw that everyone was looking at her and waiting. Nikolai saw that Denisov and Natasha were arguing with a smile, and that Denisov refused, but smiled happily. He ran.
“Please, Vasily Dmitritch,” Natasha said, “let’s go, please.”
“Yes, thank you, Mrs. Athena,” said Denisov.
Awards
two orders of the Patriotic War of the 2nd degree, the Order of the Red Star, medals.
Ranks
lieutenant
senior lieutenant
Positions
military photojournalist
Biography
Evgeny Ananyevich Khaldei - Soviet photographer, military photojournalist.
Evgeny Khaldei was born in Yuzovka (now Donetsk).
During the Jewish pogrom on March 13, 1918, his mother and grandfather were killed, and the one-year-old child himself received a bullet wound in the chest.
He studied at a cheder (Jewish elementary school), from the age of 13 he began working at a factory.
The first picture was taken at the age of 13 with a self-made camera. At the age of 16, he began working as a photojournalist.
Since 1939 he has been a correspondent for TASS Photo Chronicle.
Filmed Dneprostroy, reports about Alexei Stakhanov.
Represented the editors of TASS (Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union) on the naval front during the Great Patriotic War.
He traveled all 1418 days of the war with a Leica camera from Murmansk to Berlin.
Filmed the Paris Foreign Ministers' Conference, the defeat of the Japanese in the Far East, the conference of the heads of the Allied Powers in Potsdam, the hoisting of the flag over the Reichstag, the signing of Germany's surrender, the Nuremberg trials.
At the Nuremberg trials, one of the material evidence was photographs of Yevgeny Ananyevich.
Participated in the liberation of Sevastopol, the storming of Novorossiysk, Kerch, the liberation of Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Austria, Hungary.
The photo "Victory Banner over the Reichstag" was taken on the instructions of the TASS Photo Chronicle by photo artist Yevgeny Khaldei on May 2, 1945, when the fighting had already subsided and the Reichstag had already been taken.
In 1948, he was dismissed from TASS on charges of insufficient educational level and insufficient political literacy (reason: Jewish origin).
After the death of I. Stalin, he again got access to the newspaper pages.
After the war, he created a gallery of images of front-line soldiers in peaceful labor.
Since 1957 he worked in the newspaper "Pravda", since 1973 in the "Soviet Culture".
Military photographs of Chaldea gained worldwide fame and were included in many books and encyclopedias about the war.
Evgeny's photo albums have been published in Russia, Germany, the USA, Austria, exhibitions of his works have been held in Italy, Belgium, France, Austria, and Israel.
In 1995, in Perpignan (France), at the International Festival of Photojournalism, Eugene Chaldei was awarded the most honorable award in the art world - the title "Knight of the Order of Arts and Letters".
In 1997, the American publishing house Aperture published the book Witness to History. Photographs by Evgeny Khaldei.
In 2004, the publishing house Editions Du Chene - Hachette Livre (France) published Mark Grosse's book Chaldea. Photojournalist of the Soviet Union.
He was buried at the Kuntsevo cemetery in Moscow.
From the memoirs of Lev Borodulin
- In the summer of 1992, having arrived in Berlin, I immediately went to the Reichstag, where I ended the war and have not been there since. I was already almost at the goal, when suddenly ... I saw Chaldea. He stood against the backdrop of the Brandenburg Gate with the same photograph that he took at this place in May 1945. She hung on his chest. Zhenya also immediately recognized me and rushed to meet me with the words: “Wherever two Jews meet!” We hugged and kissed, and only after that I noticed that we were being filmed by cameramen. It turns out that the Germans were filming a film about Zhenya called “The Big Photographer with a Small Watering Can”, and then I suddenly “climbed” into the frame, which, however, they were very happy about: the scene was as ordered, although it was not in the script.
Later we met in Israel, where Khaldei came at the invitation of the local Union of Veterans. He was settled in Tel Aviv, and we saw each other almost every day. Zhenya dreamed of visiting the Wailing Wall, I took him there and was there all the time. Putting on a kippah and going up to the Wall, he took out a small album from his bag and began to whisper something, turning over its pages. I moved away and decided to take a photo of him at the Wailing Wall as a keepsake. He pointed the lens, and felt - something was not right. I thought that my hands were trembling, squeezing the camera, and then I realized that it was Zhenya's shoulders that were trembling. He cried, holding in his hands a portrait of his mother, who was killed during the pogrom. The pogromist's bullet pierced her through and got stuck in the body of her one-year-old son, Zhenya, who was pulled from the next world by a local paramedic. In this album, with which Khaldei came to the Wailing Wall.
According to Wikipedia, the famous photo “Victory Banner over the Reichstag” does not depict Yegorov and Kantaria at all.
"The picture was taken on the instructions of the TASS Newsreel by photo artist Yevgeny Chaldei on May 2, 1945. Before that, he took several photographs of the victorious banners over the liberated Soviet cities: Novorossiysk, Kerch, Sevastopol.
The banner with a hammer and sickle, captured in the photograph, Khaldei brought with him. According to Khaldei, he asked the tailor Israel Kishitser to sew three flags from red tablecloths. The sickle, hammer and star Chaldea himself carved from white cloth.
Arriving in Berlin, Khaldei took pictures with each of the three flags.
The first flag was placed away from the Reichstag, on the roof of the headquarters of the 8th Army, near the sculpture of an eagle perched on the globe. Khaldei climbed up there with three fighters and took several photographs.
The second flag was placed over the Brandenburg Gate. According to Khaldei's memoirs, on the morning of May 2, 1945, Lieutenant Kuzma Dudeev, Sergeant Ivan Andreev and he climbed the Brandenburg Gate, strengthened the flag and took a picture. On the way back, Chaldea had to jump from a great height, and he knocked off his legs.
When Khaldei got to the Reichstag, from which the Nazis were knocked out, a lot of flags were already installed there. Having stumbled upon several fighters, he took out his flag and asked them to help him climb onto the roof. Having found a convenient point for filming, he shot two cassettes. The flag was tied by a resident of Kiev Alexei Kovalev. Also helped were the foreman of the reconnaissance company of the Guards Red Banner Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky of the Zaporozhye Rifle Division Abdulkhakim Ismailov from Dagestan and Leonid Gorychev from Minsk.
Of the many pictures that Yevgeny Khaldei took then, several of the most successful came out.
It is the last option that has firmly entered history. And not in vain - the author worked on it for a long time, giving it expressiveness with the help of contrast retouching. However, in the course of this work, the watch disappeared from the right hand of the fighter holding the standard-bearer, but still remained on the left. Those who saw all the variants of the "Banner over the Reichstag" photograph suggested that the photographer deliberately "removed" the second clock so that the valiant soldiers of the Red Army would not be accused of looting. Eugene Harley himself subsequently did not comment on such rumors.
And now the military photos of the famous photographer. Just art.
Muscovites listen on the radio to the statement of the Soviet government about the perfidious attack of fascist Germany on the Soviet Union 
1941, Murmansk region. The outfit goes to reconnaissance
1942, Rybachy Island 
English pilots are considering a reindeer team that delivered ammunition to the airfield 
Soviet fighter pilot Maksimovich V.P. learns to drive an English Hurricane fighter under the guidance of an English pilot, Votsevis Pohl 
Red Navy men sort out fresh newspapers and letters
Red Navy sailors of the N-sky cruiser of the Black Sea Navy at a gymnastics lesson
Soviet soldiers at the captured German rocket-propelled six-barreled mortars
Soviet tankers on American M3 tanks enter the liberated city of Vyazma
sniper girl
Soviet machine gunners
1943, Novorossiysk 
Captured German soldiers
Soviet Red Navy officer
Ukraine, 1943(Please note that the captain was awarded a rare and therefore prestigious at that time Order of the Patriotic War, which was originally worn on a pendant) 
Kerch, 1943
February 1945, Hungary
February 1945, Budapest
January-February 1945, Budapest
Killed Hungarian soldier
On the direction of Berlin
Warsaw ghetto after liberation
Fight on the streets of Belgrade
Red Army on the streets of Belgrade
Soviet soldiers at the monument to Emperor Alexander II in Sofia
April 1945, Vienna
Soviet soldiers in Vienna 
Austria, April 1945, German prisoners of war
Soviet soldiers march on Vienna
May 1945, Berlin, 400 meters from the Reichstag
May 1945, Berlin. German prisoners of war
fruits of war
The cost of war
German family suicide
On the ruins of the Third Reich
May 1, 1945. The traffic controller indicates the direction to Berlin 
Soviet traffic controller in Berlin
Parade on Red Square in honor of the victory over Nazi Germany
Consolidated regiment of the 1st Belorussian Front during the Victory Parade on Red Square
Soviet motorcyclists off the coast of the Pacific Ocean
Japanese army soldiers handing over their weapons
The population of Harbin welcomes the Soviet soldiers
The Chinese population greets the Soviet tankmen who entered the city
Evgeny Ananievich Khaldei (March 23, 1917 - October 6, 1997) - Soviet photographer, military photojournalist.
Evgeny Khaldei was born in Yuzovka (now Donetsk). During the Jewish pogrom on March 13, 1918, his mother and grandfather were killed, and the one-year-old child himself was shot in the chest. He studied at a cheder, from the age of 13 he began working at a factory. The first picture was taken at the age of 13 with a self-made camera. At the age of 18, he began working as a photojournalist. Since 1939 he has been a correspondent for TASS Photo Chronicle. Filmed Dneprostroy, reports about Alexei Stakhanov. Represented the editors of TASS on the naval front during the Great Patriotic War. He traveled all 1418 days of the war with a Leica camera from Murmansk to Berlin. He filmed the Paris Foreign Ministers' Conference, the defeat of the Japanese in the Far East, the conference of the heads of the Allied Powers in Potsdam, the hoisting of the flag over the Reistag, the signing of Germany's surrender.
At the Nuremberg trials, one of the material evidence was photographs of Yevgeny Ananyevich. Participated in the liberation of Sevastopol, the storming of Novorossiysk, Kerch, the liberation of Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Austria, Hungary. After the war, he was fired from the TASS Photo Chronicle, after the death of Stalin he again got access to the newspaper pages. After the war, he created a gallery of images of front-line soldiers in peaceful labor.
In 1995, in Perpignan (France), at the International Festival of Photojournalism, Eugene Chaldei was awarded the most honorable award in the art world - the title "Knight of the Order of Arts and Letters".
In 1997, the book Witness to History was published. Photographs by Evgeny Khaldei” by the American publishing house “Aperture”. Also in May 1997, the premiere of the 60-minute film "Eugene Khaldei - Photographer of the Stalin Era" took place. In 2004, the publishing house Editions Du Chene - Hachette Livre (France) published Mark Grosse's book Chaldea. Photo reporter of the Soviet Union "(Khaldei. Un Photoreporter en Union Sovietique).
The famous photo “The Banner of Victory over the Reichstag” does not capture Berest, Yegorov and Kantaria at all.
The picture was taken on the instructions of TASS Newsreel by photo artist Yevgeny Khaldei on May 2, 1945, when the fighting had already subsided and the Reichstag had already been taken. Before that, he took several photographs of victory banners over the liberated Soviet cities: Novorossiysk, Kerch, Sevastopol.
The banner with a sickle and a hammer, captured in the photograph, Khaldei brought with him. According to Khaldei, he asked the tailor Israel Kishitser to sew three flags from red tablecloths. Arriving in Berlin, Khaldei took pictures with each of the three flags. The first flag was set away from the Reichstag, on the roof of the headquarters of the 8th Guards Army, near the sculpture of an eagle perched on the globe. Khaldei climbed up there with three fighters and took several photographs.
The second flag was placed over the Brandenburg Gate. According to Khaldei's memoirs, on the morning of May 2, 1945, Lieutenant Kuzma Dudeev, Sergeant Ivan Andreev and he climbed the Brandenburg Gate, strengthened the flag and took a picture. On the way back, Chaldea had to jump from a great height, and he knocked off his legs.
When Khaldei got to the Reichstag, from which the Nazis were knocked out, a lot of flags were already installed there. Having stumbled upon several fighters, he took out his flag and asked them to help him climb onto the roof. Having found a convenient point for shooting, he filmed two cassettes. The flag was tied by a resident of Kiev Alexei Kovalev (d. 1997). He was assisted by the foreman of the reconnaissance company of the Guards Red Banner Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky of the Zaporozhye Rifle Division Abdulkhakim Ismailov from Dagestan (1916-2010) and Leonid Gorychev from Minsk.
In the picture, Aleksey Kovalev has a wristwatch on each hand, which could raise suspicions of looting, and although it cannot be said for sure that this is a watch and not a field compass, the picture was retouched before its publication.
Loading...