Loan for the development of small businesses. Choosing a loan for small business development from scratch

Today, entrepreneurs are given a great opportunity to take out a loan to develop a small business without having their own property or any other collateral. In private cases, funds for assistance to entrepreneurship can declare themselves as guarantors. In order not to waste hours searching for financial institutions that can provide loans without guarantors for small businesses, you can use the services of our website, which presents financial institutions that are guaranteed to provide preferential loans small businesses. Our website presents banking services that are offered by financial institutions in Moscow and other cities. The list of our offers allows you to see:

• what amount can be loaned;
• interest rate;
• documents required to obtain a loan;
• the age at which borrowers can receive a loan;
• time for consideration by the financial institution of the application.

Using our website, you can see current unsecured long-term programs of financial institutions that allow you to get a profitable loan for business development. Our website also lists institutions that offer preferential rates for small organizations.

What do we mean by favorable lending conditions?

Thanks to our portal, entrepreneurs can count on little support from the bank. They may be offered special conditions. Namely:

• unsecured loan “Trust”;
• programs that do not require guarantors;
• the possibility of extending the period for repayment of the principal debt;
• the opportunity not to pay the entrance fee;
• the possibility of obtaining a loan under the terms of floating interest rates.

What are the criteria for issuing quick subsidies for business expansion?

Before applying for a profitable loan, the borrower will need to select a bank, indicate the loan amount, indicate the period for using the loan money and the conditions for receiving the money (secured, without collateral, leasing, without a guarantor).

What is a loan calculator and why is it needed?

On our website, borrowers are given the opportunity to calculate the available monthly payment amount, specifying which credit schedule the loan will be repaid according to. The loan is calculated on the “Loan Calculator” page according to its desired size. For this purpose, the borrower will need to indicate the loan amount, interest rate, loan term, type of payment (annuity, differentiated), one-time commission and month of start of payments. Thanks to the calculator, the borrower will be able to figure out what loan price he can afford.

How to get a loan online?

An application for the issuance of money for an enterprise can be submitted to a financial institution through our website. There is a blue button next to each bank. By clicking on it, the entrepreneur will find out what advantageous offers are available when receiving a loan for the development of a small business. After submitting the online application, a credit consultant will call the applicant within 2 hours and give detailed advice on obtaining a loan. He will also explain the conditions for obtaining profitable loans. Are you interested in a preferential program with government support? Are you considering getting a cash loan? Our site is happy to help solve your financial difficulties.

Business loans in Moscow are issued for various purposes. There are special offers for ready-made businesses, for development, and for opening a new one. In most cases, they cooperate with applicants within the framework of targeted programs that require the provision of a report on the funds spent.

What kind of business loans do banks issue?

There are several varieties:

1. Express. Provides the possibility of urgent delivery. Suitable for individual entrepreneurs, representatives of medium and small businesses. Features higher interest rates.
2. For current activities. You can take out a business loan in Moscow to replenish working capital or purchase machinery and equipment. Provided in the form of a credit line or overdraft.
3. Investment. Moscow banks are ready to issue it for the development and implementation of new technologies and improvement of automated systems.
4. Commercial mortgage. The features of its production are practically no different from the traditional one. Partial payment at your own expense is required. Encumbrance required.

Conditions for obtaining business loans

It is more difficult to get a loan for a business from scratch in Moscow. Guarantee and security may be required. The following is taken into account:

• age of the company;
• profitability;
• business plan;
• reputation;
• credit history.

It is possible to obtain a loan for a director, founder, or take part in a government program. The latter are aimed at companies with no more than one hundred employees.

How to find a profitable loan for business in Moscow?

We offer the best loans for small businesses in Moscow. You can search based on terms, amounts and interest rates. After determining the best option, all that remains is to submit an application to obtain approval from several institutions.

The volume of loans to small and medium-sized businesses in Russia in 2017 increased by 15% against the backdrop of lower rates and preferential government programs, Expert RA found out. Since the 2014 crisis, lending to SMEs has been declining for three years

Photo: Kirill Kukhmar / Kommersant

Signs of life

In 2017, Russian banks issued 6.1 trillion rubles to small and medium-sized enterprises. loans - this is 15% more than in 2016, according to a study by the rating agency Expert RA (available from RBC), dedicated to lending to small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs). The sector is showing growth for the first time since 2013, the volume of issuance is the largest in three years, however, SME lending in Russia has still not reached pre-crisis levels: at the end of 2013, 8.1 trillion rubles were issued to SMEs. loans.

Based on data from the Central Bank, the SME loan portfolio in the Russian banking sector has been declining for the fourth year in a row - minus 7% at the end of 2017 (to 4.2 billion). But Expert RA calculated that the negative dynamics were due to changes in the register of small and medium-sized businesses in August 2017. Because of this, more than 600 thousand organizations, some of them with a credit load, ceased to be considered SMEs. If not for this circumstance, the loan portfolio would also have grown for the first time since 2014 - to 4.9 trillion rubles, the authors of the study calculated. The volume of the loan portfolio is less than the volume of loans issued due to the predominance of loans for up to one year in the SME market.

The Expert RA study is based on official statistics from the Central Bank, the results of a bank survey, as well as in-depth interviews with participants in the SME lending market (representatives of 47 banks were interviewed).

Which businesses in Russia are classified as small and medium-sized?

There is a legislative definition for small and medium-sized businesses in Russia. Micro-enterprises should employ up to 15 people, small enterprises - up to 100, medium enterprises - from 100 to 250 people. To be included in the SME group, there are restrictions on revenue - 120 million, 800 million and 2 billion rubles. for micro, small and medium enterprises respectively.

The main reason for the upward trend in the SME lending market is the reduction in interest rates on loans for this category of enterprises. The weighted average rate on long-term loans in this sector decreased over the year from 14.2 to 10.9%, for short-term (up to one year) - from 14.8 to 12.4%.

In addition, in 2017, individual entrepreneurs received access to the already existing state program for lending to SMEs (at 6.5% per annum). Finally, the government approved a new program under which loans to SMEs operating in priority industries will be subsidized from the federal budget at 6.5% per annum (currently real rates on preferential loans are 9.6-10.6% - preferential rate plus bank margin in the amount of 3-4 pp). Priority sectors include agriculture, manufacturing, construction, transport, communications, tourism, healthcare and waste management.

According to Expert RA, not only the volume of lending has increased, but also the number of submitted and approved applications for SME loans. The first indicator is growing by one and a half times for the second year in a row (based on a survey conducted by a rating agency among banks), and the number of actually concluded contracts at the end of 2017 also increased by one and a half times after a decrease a year earlier.

Market for state banks

Considering that state programs remain the main driver of growth in SME lending, banks that are not among the largest have fewer and fewer opportunities to compete in the market for loans to large enterprises. At the end of 2017, the share of SME loans issued by banks from the top 30 by assets reached a historical maximum of 66% (in monetary terms, the SME loan portfolio of the largest banks amounted to RUB 2.8 trillion). The total volume of loans issued by banks from the top 30 to small and medium-sized enterprises in 2017 showed explosive growth - plus 34%, up to 4 trillion rubles. (such dynamics have not happened since 2011).

The leader in SME lending in 2017 was Sberbank - the largest Russian bank virtually single-handedly ensured the growth of the sector in 2017 (without taking into account Sberbank’s indicators, the total portfolio of SME loans would have decreased by 14%). The State Bank increased its SME loan portfolio by 17%, and the volume of loans by 60%. Also in the top 5 largest creditors of small companies at the end of 2017 were VTB, Moscow Industrial Bank, Bank St. Petersburg and Alfa Bank. The fastest growing loan portfolios were Mosoblbank (four times), Russian Capital (plus 174%) and SMP Bank (plus 104%).

In the case of small banks, the situation is exactly the opposite. Over the year, the volume of loans issued to SMEs decreased by 9% (to 2.1 trillion rubles), the loan portfolio - by 24%, to 1.4 trillion rubles. (minimum since 2011).

There are several reasons for the leadership of large banks - they more often participate in state support programs and are more active than small banks in offering preferential terms for debt refinancing to SME borrowers.

What do they borrow for and when will they be paid back?

In 2017, more than half (51%) of loans issued to small and medium-sized businesses were in the trade sector. Banks traditionally lend to this sector most willingly, notes Expert RA. 14% of loans each went to small enterprises in the manufacturing and construction industries, 6% to insurance and financial SMEs. Agriculture in the overall structure of SME lending looks modest (share of 3%), however, participants in the Expert RA survey note an increase in lending to this industry, and some banks (VTB24, Ak Bars, Raiffeisenbank) increased the share of loans in this area by 49- 68%.

Mostly, small companies borrow for a short period (up to a year) - they need money to finance working capital and eliminate cash gaps. However, as Expert RA notes, in 2017 the share of loans for investment projects to small and medium-sized businesses (that is, for a period of more than three years) exceeded pre-crisis indicators, reaching 18% of the total lending volume.

SMEs are still the most unreliable borrowers. The share of overdue debt in the SME loan portfolio is 14.9%. This is much higher than retail loans (7%) and loans to large businesses (5%). They mostly do not repay debts to banks not included in the top 30—their share of overdue debt in this group reaches 21.7% (increased by 6 percentage points over the year).

Growth will continue

“Expert RA” predicts that with stable oil prices, inflation and the continued reduction of the Central Bank key rate, the SME loan portfolio in 2018 will grow by 15%, to 4.9 trillion rubles. (the agency uses official statistics from the Central Bank as its base). At the same time, banks will not rush to ease lending conditions: only 14% of banks participating in the Expert RA survey are ready to take such a step. The rest either do not intend to change approaches to assessing borrowers (57%) or will tighten them (29%).

The main growth in SME lending in 2018 will come from large banks, which will increase credit limits for the highest quality borrowers, Alexander Saraev, managing director for banking ratings at Expert RA, told RBC. The group of SME borrowers with an average level of risk, which medium and small credit institutions traditionally work with, will continue to experience significant limitations in borrowed resources. According to Saraev, it can be expected that, against the background of a decrease in risk appetite among medium and small banks, the funding gap for a wide range of SMEs will increase, despite the overall market growth.

The SME lending market has prospects only for companies that have sufficient and stable account turnover, says Fitch senior analyst Alexander Danilov. Only in this way can the banks that service these companies more or less reliably assess their solvency, while their reporting is uninformative. “For clients on the street, getting a loan will be problematic - banks are reluctant to do this because it is difficult to assess the risks,” Danilov clarifies.

RBC interviewed representatives of Russian banks with capital of 200 billion rubles. on their assessment of the prospects for the SME lending market. The leader in lending to the sector, Sberbank, is going to increase its portfolio of SME loans in 2018 from the current 1.3 trillion rubles. by 250 billion rubles. To do this, the bank plans to develop online lending and credit analysis technologies based on the use of big data. The bank's press service noted that Sberbank launched online lending to small businesses in March. Other banks that responded to RBC's request (Promsvyazbank, Uralsib, SMP Bank) predicted that the SME lending market will grow, and they do not intend to change their approaches to assessing the quality of the borrower. “We expect that by the end of 2018, rates on SME loans may fall. The reason for this will be a rate cut by the Central Bank. As a result, the growth of lending to the SME segment in 2018 will continue and reach a level of 9-10%,” predicts Kirill Tikhonov, vice president and managing director for small business development at Promsvyazbank. Lending to SMEs will grow due to “improving the situation in the Russian economy” and reducing loan rates, he believes.

In most Western European countries you can live on unemployment benefits. If you get tired of endless spitting at the ceiling and don’t want to go to work, go to the bank, get a loan and open your own business from scratch. The main thing is the desire to work and earn money. In Russia, unfortunately, desire alone is not yet enough, but some progress in this direction has already been outlined.

Business loan from scratch

Before the onset of a critical situation in the economy, domestic entrepreneurs received loans very willingly. Today the situation has changed for the worse and you most likely will not succeed in asking for money with absolutely zero and nothing else behind you.

Today they are issued to those who have stayed afloat on their own for at least 6 months.

Even if you successfully worked in the gray sector of the economy for some time, but switched to the official tax system, even without submitting reports, the chances of finding yourself in the role of a borrower are very high. What is important here is actual successful experience in a particular field, as well as the availability of assets involved in the business in the form of equipment or working capital.

Small business development loan

What conditions await legal entities, as well as individual entrepreneurs, when applying for a loan for small business development? For a change, instead of Sberbank’s offers, let’s consider the conditions offered by a commercial bank in Moscow. This financial institution has a financial product called “Small Business Development Loan”. The borrower selection criteria are as follows:

• The interest rate is determined individually, based on the level of creditworthiness of the borrower.
• Submission of applications is available to individual entrepreneurs and legal entities in the form of LLC, CJSC and OJSC.
• Minimum 9 months business experience required.
• The enterprise must be located no further than 200 km from the bank’s credit division.
• The period for issuing funds is up to 5 years.
• The amount is no more than 150 million rubles.
• Any valuable property belonging to the potential borrower is welcome as security for obligations.

Loans to small businesses from the state 2015

Let's return to Sberbank, because when assessing the processes of lending to small businesses, it is impossible to do without analyzing the activities of this organization. The commercial institution takes an active position in supporting entrepreneurship in the country; loan products are provided under the additional guarantee of the Credit Guarantee Agency. As a result of this practice, the interest rate can be reduced by an amount from 1 to 4%, depending on the lending conditions.

Small business loan from scratch from the state

Since cooperation with the Credit Guarantee Agency (CGA), Sberbank has already issued 138 loans for a total amount of 505 million rubles, which account for 264 million guarantee funds. In 2015, the country's main bank, with the participation of AKG, plans to “distribute” 60 billion rubles to small and medium-sized businessmen.

Loan for starting a small business from scratch

Recently, the state has seriously begun to support newcomers who are developing high technologies and other necessary projects through the creation of startups. New entrepreneurs have access to not only loans on special terms, but also consultations and valuable advice from qualified lawyers and financiers. In addition to access to preferential lending programs, talented entrepreneurs have access to a form of financing such as subsidies.

Sberbank loan to small business from scratch

Sberbank lends to small businesses more actively than other commercial institutions and its conditions are, perhaps, also the most favorable. We propose to consider the features of obtaining a loan in this particular structure. To apply for a loan you need:

• Contact the nearest Sberbank branch for a list of required documents and return on time with the prepared papers.
• Opt for the “Business Start” program - it provides the most acceptable conditions for starting your own business.
• Register with the State Tax Inspectorate as an individual entrepreneur and record the fact of registration in the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs.
• Will study the proposals of Sberbank's franchisor partners.
• Choose the optimal franchise.
• Develop a competent business plan, which actually means for an individual entrepreneur to solve such organizational issues as finding and renting premises, developing a campaign to promote a product, etc.
• Apply for a loan.
• Prepare 30% of the requested amount for the down payment.

Loan to start a business from scratch without collateral

Today, in the market of financial products of the Russian Federation, the segment of loans for businesses from scratch without collateral is in a stage of stagnation, which is explained by the crisis in the economy. Commercial banks are extremely reluctant to enter into risky transactions, so even if collateral is not required, this is compensated by additional guarantees in the form of increased rates and expanded packages of documentation provided.

Loans are practically not issued to beginning businessmen who do not want to comply with the rules of the game established by the bank. As a result, many aspiring entrepreneurs are looking for alternative sources of financing. Servicing such products is much more expensive, the profitability of the business is sharply reduced, its development is slowed down, which is why the growth rate of the economy in the country as a whole stops.

Small business loan without collateral

The phrase “business loan without collateral” often refers to so-called microloans, which are offered by various alternative lending organizations. The cost of such a loan ranges from 1 to 3% daily (!). In terms of a period of 12 months, the amount of interest ranges from 360 to 1000%, but there is also the body of the loan! Microloans are considered extremely unprofitable and dangerous for business. Taking on the risk of lending on such an expensive scheme only makes sense if you plan to use the funds and pay them back within a short period of time.

Of all the loans, the most difficult to obtain is a loan to start and promote a small business. Individual entrepreneurs (hereinafter referred to as individual entrepreneurs) and private individuals running their own business are included in the category of clients whom banks trust least. It is really difficult to get a loan for small business development from scratch. And this situation is explained quite simply. If, when taking out a mortgage for an apartment, you need to convince the bank that you have a stable average income that will definitely not disappear in the next eight years, then with a small business everything is much more complicated. Here, after all, the guarantee of the return of funds to the bank is the potential profitability, profitability, reliability, and survival of this business in the conditions of the shaky Russian economy. The only additional guarantee is the pledge of some valuable property of the borrower.

Even in developed countries (USA, Western Europe), economists give a maximum of 20% to the next small business project. This is the probability that the business will survive and not fail. And in the Russian Federation, this figure is 2-3 times less for a whole range of reasons. So banks are not eager to give money to people who will then very possibly become bankrupt. However, there are certain schemes for interaction with credit institutions for novice businessmen. Let's consider them.

Step-by-step instructions for getting a business loan from scratch

As an example, it is worth studying proposals from the main and largest bank of the Russian Federation in the civilian market. We are talking about Sberbank. He works with all types of business clients - individual entrepreneurs, private entrepreneurs (private entrepreneurs), CJSC, LLC. However, before going to the bank, you should prepare in advance on three main points, without which it is almost impossible to get a loan to start a business from scratch.

1. Preparation of a business plan. An aspiring entrepreneur must create his own plan, project. This is the start of any business. By the way, regardless of the level (small, medium, large). A businessman or businesswoman determines the main tactical (short-term) and strategic (long-term) directions for the development of the future company. Quantitative (technological, production) and qualitative (increasing complexity of the enterprise structure, improving the skills of workers) analysis is carried out. Production volumes, the ratio of potential costs and profits are calculated, and the conditions of the market sector in which the business will operate are analyzed. The staffing level is also analyzed. A business plan shows investors whether a given business is worth investing in. And the bank too.
2. Definition of a franchise. If a future individual entrepreneur comes to the bank and says that he wants to open his own independent enterprise, which will be called something like that, he will most likely be denied a loan. A franchise is a brand, it is a type of licensing, it is a certain model of running a business. For example, a franchise is the McDonald's chain. Or Coca-Cola. Or Microsoft. But such franchises are worth billions, since business under their auspices also guarantees corresponding profits. A beginning entrepreneur has to choose from a list of much more accessible options. Moreover, it is desirable that franchise companies are associated partners of the bank where the client is going to take out a loan. At Sberbank, these are Harat’s and a number of other companies that sell relatively inexpensive franchises.
3. And, of course, you shouldn’t go to the bank, as they say, “naked”, without the possibility of collateral. Of course, it happens that a future individual entrepreneur has nothing to his name except a business plan and the desire to start working as soon as possible. But as already mentioned, financial institutions are extremely careful when issuing money to small businesses. It’s great when the client owns some kind of real estate or other valuable property (a mid-price car, for example). Then you can register this property as collateral. The institution will know that if the business fails, all or most of the money issued will be returned through the sale of the client’s collateral. Those who have nothing will have to at least find funds for a down payment, which is high for business lending (almost always at least 30%).

So, the preparation is complete. Let's go to Sberbank. Here the procedure is as follows:

1. Filling out a form where, in addition to basic information, you express your desire for a small business from scratch.
2. Choosing a loan program. You must select a special “Business Start” program.
3. Registration with the tax service as an individual entrepreneur.
4. Collection of all necessary documentation. Here you will need not only the standard set of individuals (passport, INN, income certificate 2-NDFL, military ID for men under 27 years of age, pension certificate), but also additional documents related to business lending (business plan, individual entrepreneur certificate or another form of organization, a letter from the franchisor about cooperation, a certificate of ownership of some valuable property that can be used as collateral).
5. Submitting a direct application for a loan to create and develop a small business.
6. Providing the bank with funds to repay the down payment (or registering expensive property as collateral).
7. Getting the money you want and starting your own business.

Of course, some emergency situations and additional requirements may arise. Thus, a franchise company that is a partner of a bank may require an additional detailed analysis of the market sector in which the client plans to operate. If the future business requires additional licenses, they must be obtained before the loan is issued. For example, if a person is going to sell alcohol, hunting and traumatic weapons. Therefore, only general, standard instructions are presented here. The conditions under which Sberbank issues loans for small businesses are average and quite acceptable compared to offers from other banks:

• annual interest - 18.5% (in other institutions this mark can reach up to 25%);
• the minimum down payment is 20%, but it is better to agree to 30% (in other institutions it can reach up to 50%);
• if a client has purchased a franchise from Harat’s, he can be given up to 7 million rubles. In other cases – up to 3 million rubles. The minimum loan is 100 thousand rubles;
• the loan is issued for a period of up to 5 years (for users of the Harat’s business model) or up to 3.5 years (for all others);
• The permissible late payment period for monthly payments for Harat’s clients is one year, and for all others – six months.

Requirements for the borrower

Here it is worth considering not the minimum, but the maximum requirements. Those in which the chance of getting a loan increases to 90%. Sberbank's requests are standard. Any other bank will offer similar conditions to novice businessmen:

• a clearly structured, comprehensive and maximally informative business plan;
• income certificate in form 2-NDFL;
• possession of any valuable property suitable for collateral;
• having an account in another bank, owning shares and other securities (bank statement, from the register of shareholders). This is analogous to a pledge;
• good credit history (having any other loans repaid on time). At the same time, having an outstanding loan that the client repays is not a plus, because it is an additional financial burden;
• the presence of co-borrowers (business partners) or guarantors who have proven their financial solvency to the bank;
• the client not only has a permanent residence permit, but also intends to open a business at the place of residence and location of the creditor bank. For example, in the same city where the Sberbank branch and the borrower’s home address are located;
• The client's age ranges from 27–45 years. Why exactly 27 years? The answer is military duty, which is not at all pleasing to the banks;
• For some reason, according to statistics, people with families are more trusted. Although family, logically, can become a distraction from business. Banks probably believe that a family man is a priori more responsible;
• absence of any debts (for other loans, utility bills);
• information about the client’s main monthly expenses (utility payments, other loans, alimony, rent, etc.);
• absence of criminal convictions (especially outstanding, serious and for financial crimes);
• a certificate confirming that the borrower has not been and is not registered with a psychiatric and/or drug treatment clinic.

It is not necessary to strictly comply with all factors. Yes, such borrowers practically do not exist in nature. It’s just that the “gold standard”, the ideal, is described here. Some factors are not particularly important (marital status), while others are of paramount importance (collateral, business project, absence of crime and mental health/drug problems).

It is worth mentioning that if the borrower already had his own business and now wants to take out a new loan for a new business, then this will be to his disadvantage. Because the bank always evaluates unsuccessful entrepreneurial experience from a negative point of view. And where is the guarantee that this individual entrepreneur’s new endeavors will not fail in the same way?

Factors influencing the bank's decision to issue a loan

In principle, after reading all of the above, you can clearly see those points on which the positive decision of the beneficiary directly depends. To summarize, there will be only three main factors: a promising and well-designed business plan, the availability of a suitable franchise and a certain financial level of the client. If all three points are assessed by the bank as excellent, then this will bring the borrower close to the loan he needs so much. It is useful to know that in the business lending system, banks work according to plan. That is, the client is analyzed according to a proven template. And there are two such templates.

No. 1. Credit specialists monitor the borrower and issue a verdict (on the client’s solvency and the degree of risk for the bank).

No. 2. A statistical, automated “Scoring” system is used, based on the use of mathematical methods. Within this system, all borrowers are sorted into groups, each of which is characterized by a certain degree of risk.

Sometimes the bank resorts to both analysis options.

Other ways to get a loan

It may well turn out that the bank refused to issue a loan. But this situation is not completely hopeless. What workarounds are there?