PRESENTATION
for class 3rd grade
on the course "The world around us" authors: A.A. Pleshakov UMC "School of Russia" topic " water bodies» teachers primary school MBOU "Pervomaisky Education Center" Izyumova Lyudmila Anatolyevna Work experience 42 years. This school is 29 years old.
Targets and goals:
Learn: different types of reservoirs, get acquainted with the reservoirs of our region; differences between rivers and lakes; Learn to distinguish between parts of the river (source, mouth, channel, tributary); To develop in children the ability to compare, compare, analyze various phenomena, draw conclusions through practical work familiarization with the types of reservoirs; To cultivate a sense of cooperation in the performance of group tasks, to cultivate a conscious, careful attitude towards nature.
How are springs formed?
spring
land
Mineral water source
Everyone bypasses this place. Here the earth is like dough, Here there is sedge, hummocks, mosses, There is no support for the foot. What it is?
SWAMP
In a blue shirt Runs along the bottom of the ravine. What is this reservoir?
STREAM
Slightly trembling in the breeze Ribbon in the open Narrow tip in the spring, And wide in the sea. Guess who am I?
RIVER
The river is natural water flow, flowing in the depression he has worked out - the riverbed
Every river has its beginning. Its beginning is always located higher than the end. The place where the river originates, from which there is a constant flow of water in the channel, is called the source. The sources are different: a swamp, a lake, groundwater, a glacier in the mountains, etc.
The structure of the river
channel
Wide wide, Deep deep, Day and night beats against the shore. You don't drink water from it, Because it's not tasty - It's both bitter and salty.
SEA
And what is this reservoir with floating ice floes - icebergs?
OCEAN
Less than the sea, More than a pond - What is the name of this medium body of water?
LAKE
Young birch trees, in front of him, straighten their hair. And the month, and the stars - Everything is reflected in it ... What is this mirror called?
POND
The Krasnodar reservoir is the largest reservoir North Caucasus, was formed in 1973 and is located in the old channel or on the left bank of the Kuban River. After filling it with water, it merged with the Tshchik reservoir. The main purpose of this large reservoir, created by human hands, is to irrigate systems in rice fields in the Republic of Adygea and Krasnodar Territory and reduce floods and prevent destructive floods.
Fizminutka
We'll have a little rest, Stand up, take a deep breath, Hands to the sides, forward We're on the beach, The sun is burning.
Let's run rather into the river, Let's dip, swim. Ah, what a blessing! But you also need to know the measure. Let's run to the classroom and listen to the story.
reservoirs
reservoirs
Ocean
sea
river
Lake
stream
swamp
pond
reservoir
Reservoirs are natural and artificial. Natural - which are created by nature. Artificial - created by man.
Why do you think people create artificial reservoirs?
Natural reservoirs.
Spring or key
Swamp
Stream
Ocean
Lake
Sea
River
Pond
Channel
Reservoir
Artificial reservoirs.
Practical work with the textbook
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The ocean is the body of water that surrounds continents and islands. There are 4 oceans on earth. Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic. The sea is a part of the ocean, separated by land. Sea water is salty and unsuitable for drinking. A lake is a large natural reservoir closed in its shores. A river is a constant water stream of considerable size with a natural course along the channel from source to mouth. Stream.
Reservoir - an artificial reservoir, formed, as a rule, in a river valley by waterworks for the accumulation and storage of water for the purpose of its use in the national economy. For water supply, irrigation and fish breeding. A canal is an artificial channel filled with water.
Reflection
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slide 1
March 2013
slide 2
A water body is a natural or artificial body of water, watercourse or other object in which a permanent or temporary concentration of water has characteristic forms and features of the water regime.
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Surface water bodies include: 1. seas or their separate parts (straits, bays, including bays, estuaries, etc.) 2. watercourses (rivers, streams, canals) 3. reservoirs (lakes, ponds, flooded quarries reservoirs) 4. swamps 5. natural groundwater outlets (springs, geysers) 6. glaciers, snowfields.
slide 3
Ownership of water bodies:
water bodies are owned Russian Federation(federal property), except for cases when a pond, a flooded quarry, are located within the boundaries of a land plot owned by a subject of the Russian Federation, a municipality, to an individual, legal entity.
slide 4
The RF VC divided the territory of Russia without reference to specific regions into 20 basin districts - for example, Donskoy, Kuban, etc. (Article 28 of the RF VC). 1) Baltic; 2) Barents-White Sea; 3) Dvinsko-Pechora; 4) Dnieper; 5) Donskoy; 6) Kuban; 7) West Caspian; 8) Upper Volga; 9) Oksky; 10) Kamsky; 11) Lower Volga; 12) Ural; 13) Upper Ob; 14) Irtysh; 15) Nizhneobsky; 16) Angara-Baikal; 17) Yenisei; 18) Lensky; 19) Anadyro-Kolyma; 20) Amur.
Public administration:
slide 5
The RF VK determines the delimitation of competence between the state authorities of the Russian Federation, the state authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation and the bodies local government in the field of use and protection of water bodies. To the powers of the authorities state power The Russian Federation in the field of water relations includes: 1) possession, use, disposal of water bodies that are in federal ownership; 2) development, approval and implementation of schemes for the integrated use and protection of water bodies and amendments to these schemes; 3) implementation of federal state supervision in the field of use and protection of water bodies; 4) organization and implementation of state monitoring of water bodies; 5) establishment of the procedure for maintaining the state water register and its maintenance; 6) approval of the procedure for preparing and making a decision on granting a water body for use, the procedure for preparing and concluding a water use agreement; 7) determination of the procedure for the creation and implementation of the activities of basin councils; 8) hydrographic and water management zoning of the territory of the Russian Federation; 9) establishment of payment rates for the use of federally owned water bodies, the procedure for calculating and collecting such payment; 10) establishing the procedure for approving standards for permissible impact on water bodies and target indicators of water quality in water bodies; 11) territorial redistribution of surface water runoff, replenishment of water resources of underground water bodies; 12) approval of the rules for the use of reservoirs; 13) establishment of regimes for passing floods, special releases, filling and drawdown (water release) of reservoirs; 14) determining the procedure for exercising state supervision in the field of the use and protection of water bodies, as well as over compliance with special conditions water use and use of sections of the coastline (including areas adjacent to hydropower facilities) within the boundaries of the protective zones of hydropower facilities; 15) determining the procedure for reserving sources of drinking and household water supply; 16) establishing the procedure for using water bodies for takeoff and landing of aircraft; 17) implementation of measures to prevent the negative impact of waters and eliminate its consequences in relation to water bodies that are federally owned and located on the territories of two or more constituent entities of the Russian Federation; 18) approval of the methodology for calculating the damage caused to water bodies; 19) determination of criteria for classifying objects as objects subject to federal state supervision in the field of use and protection of water bodies, regional state supervision in the field of use and protection of water bodies; 20) approval of lists of objects subject to federal state supervision in the field of use and protection of water bodies; 21) establishing a list of officials exercising federal state supervision in the field of the use and protection of water bodies, as well as over compliance with special conditions for water use and the use of sections of the coastline (including junction areas with hydropower facilities) within the boundaries of the protected zones of hydropower facilities.
slide 6
The powers of state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of water relations include: 1) possession, use, disposal of water bodies owned by the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; 2) setting the rates of payment for the use of water bodies owned by the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the procedure for calculating and collecting such a fee; 3) participation in the activities of basin councils; 4) development, approval and implementation of programs of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for the use and protection of water bodies or their parts located on the territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; 5) reservation of sources of drinking and household water supply; 6) implementation of regional state supervision in the field of the use and protection of water bodies, with the exception of water bodies subject to federal state supervision, as well as compliance with special conditions for water use and the use of sections of the coastline (including areas adjoining hydropower facilities) within the boundaries of protected zones hydropower facilities located on water bodies subject to regional state supervision over their use and protection; 7) approval of the rules for the use of water bodies for navigation on small boats; 8) approval of the rules for the protection of human life at water bodies; 9) participation in the organization and implementation of state monitoring of water bodies; 10) implementation of measures to prevent the negative impact of waters and eliminate its consequences in relation to water bodies owned by the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; 11) implementation of measures for the protection of water bodies owned by the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; 12) approval of lists of objects subject to regional state supervision in the field of use and protection of water bodies; 13) establishment of a list of officials exercising regional state supervision in the field of the use and protection of water bodies, as well as compliance with special conditions for water use and the use of sections of the coastline (including junction areas with hydropower facilities) within the boundaries of the protected zones of hydropower facilities located on water bodies subject to regional state supervision over their use and protection.
Slide 7
To the powers of local governments in relation to water objects owned municipalities, relate:
1) possession, use, disposal of such water bodies; 2) implementation of measures to prevent the negative impact of water and eliminate its consequences; 3) implementation of measures for the protection of such water bodies; 4) establishment of payment rates for the use of such water bodies, the procedure for calculating and collecting this payment. 5) establishment of rules for the use of public water facilities located in the territories of municipalities for personal and domestic needs, and so on. providing citizens with information on water use restrictions at public water bodies located on the territories of municipalities.
Slide 8
Rosvodresursy (Fed. agency of water resources) Don BVU (basin water department) Rostoblkompriroda
Slide 9
Rostov region:
The territory of the Rostov region is covered with a dense network of rivers and rivulets. These are mostly small rivers with little water flow. Almost all of them are tributaries of the Don River or its main tributaries. Only a few, including the Kagalnik and Mius rivers, flow into the Sea of Azov. All rivers of the Rostov region belong to the Atlantic Ocean basin, since the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov is an inland sea of the Atlantic Ocean.
Slide 10
The main water bodies of the RO:
Don. The fifth longest river in the European part of Russia with a length of 1870 km. (on the territory of the region - 480 km.). The ancient name is Amazonia, Tanais. The source of the river is near the city of Novomoskovsk, Tula region. The catchment area of the basin is 422 thousand sq. km. Crossing the entire territory of the region from east to southwest, the Don flows into the Taganrog Bay, forming a delta. Don Delta. The Don is divided into forty large and small branches, flowing into the Taganrog Bay. Already six kilometers from the port of Rostov, the Don delta begins - the non-navigable, shallow Dead Donets goes to the right. The length of the delta from the beginning to the Taganrog Bay is 30 km., total area delta - 340 sq. km., with a large number of branches and channels. The formation of the Don delta began 4-4.5 million years ago. Taganrog Bay - North-Eastern part of the Sea of Azov. The length of the bay is 140 km., the depth is from 2 to 6 meters. With strong northeast or southwest winds, shallowing occurs for several kilometers from the sea edge of the delta or, conversely, flooding of the delta territory due to an increase in the water level. Seversky Donets. The main tributary of the Don (right). The total length is 1053 km, the length across the territory of the region is 280 km. The ancient name of the river is Sirgis. On the Rostov land, the Seversky Donets absorbs from the left Derkul, Kalitvinets, Kalitva, Bystraya; on the right - Bolshaya and Malaya Kamenka, Likhaya, Kundryuchya. From the mouth to the city of Donetsk, the Seversky Donets is navigable. At the mouth is the port of Ust-Donetsk. Tsimlyansk reservoir. The Tsimlyansky hydroelectric complex is the largest hydraulic structure, which is part of the Volga-Don Canal complex. The reservoir is located 309 km from the mouth of the Don River. The total volume is 23.86 cubic km, the water surface area is 2702 sq. km. The main purpose of the regulated flow on the Don River and the Tsimlyansk Reservoir is to provide irrigation for agricultural crops; creation of a single navigable route from the Baltic to the Black Sea, ensuring the passage of ships of the "river-sea" type; improvement of conditions for commercial fish farming. Lakes. There are many lakes in the Rostov region. Mostly these are floodplain lakes. Their regime is connected with the regime of rivers. The lakes of the Manych depression are tectonic, relict, and some of them have healing hydrogen sulfide mud (black silt at the bottom of the lake). There are saucer lakes in the area. The largest lake in the Rostov region - Manych-Gudilo - relic, tectonic. Its average area is 344 sq. km, the average depth is 0.66 m. The water in the lake is salty. In total, within the region there are 250 lakes, lakes with an area of less than 0.1 sq. km prevail.
slide 11
SMALL RIVER - a river whose basin is located in one geographical zone, and its hydrological regime under the influence of local factors may not be characteristic of the rivers of this zone.
On the territory of the Rostov Region, 4551 rivers flow in the Don River basin (of which 165 are small and medium-sized rivers with a total length of 9565 km), the main part of which are rivers with a length of less than 10 km. The share of rivers with a length of 100-500 km or more accounts for only 0.77%. Small rivers in the steppe zone are the main sources of water supply for settlements, industry and agricultural production. In our semi-arid climate, with little snow in winter and long hot summers, their ecological condition is of vital importance.
TEMERNIK
The Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world in terms of area and depth. Located between the continents of Eurasia and Australia in the west, northern and South America in the east, Antarctica in the south. The Pacific Ocean extends approximately 15.8 thousand km from north to south and 19.5 thousand km from east to west. The area with the seas is 178.684 million km ², the average depth is 3984 m. The greatest depth of the Pacific Ocean (and the entire World Ocean) is m (in the Mariana Trench). The international date line runs through the Pacific Ocean along the 180th meridian. The area of the Pacific Ocean exceeds the area of the entire land by almost 30 million km².
Antarctica Antarctica (Greek νταρκτικός, the opposite of the Arctic) is a continent located in the very south of the Earth, the center of Antarctica approximately coincides with the geographic south pole. Antarctica is washed by the waters of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans, sometimes unofficially separated into a separate Southern Ocean.
Greenland Greenland island in the northeast North America. It is washed by the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. The area of \u200b\u200bthe island is km ², it is the largest on Earth. It belongs to Denmark and is included in its autonomous unit of Greenland.
Red Sea The Red Sea is an inland sea of the Indian Ocean, located between the Arabian Peninsula and Africa in a tectonic basin. In the north, the sea adjoins the Isthmus of Suez, which separates two gulfs: Suez and Aqaba, through the Suez Canal it connects to the Mediterranean Sea. The Red Sea is the saltiest sea in the world's oceans.
Sahara Sahara is the largest hot desert and the second, after the Antarctic, desert on Earth, located in the north of the African continent. It is stretched for about 4800 km from west to east and from 800 to 1200 km from north to south; has an area of about 8.6 million km² (about 30% of the area of Africa, slightly larger than the area of \u200b\u200bBrazil)
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Slides captions:
Interesting geographical objects of Altai. Completed by: geography teacher Telegina N.I.
ALTAI is a vast mountainous area on the territory of Russia, Mongolia and China, replete with geoactive points. It consists of ridges that form the watershed of the Ob, Irtysh, Yenisei and rivers of the inland region of Central Asia, the greatest length of Altai is 2000 km. The deltas of the Katun and Biya rivers and lakes Teletskoye and Markakol are especially famous among tourists and researchers of anomalous phenomena.
In terms of the number of glaciers (1.130) and the area of glaciation (890 sq. km), Altai ranks third among the mountainous countries of the world. The largest of them - Myonsu - has a length of 11 km and is located in the Katunsky ridge. Near the Belukha massif there are 169 glaciers with an area of 151 sq. km.
Mount Sinyukha From the top of Mount Sinyukha, a beautiful panorama opens up with rare natural contrasts: on the one hand, the endless Kulunda steppe, on the other, the snow-covered mountain peaks of Altai. Mount Sinyukha has long been considered a place of pilgrimage. On the top and slopes of the mountain there are several natural granite bowls filled, as many believe, with holy water. A holy spring flows on the northern slope of Mount Sinyukha. Residents of the surrounding villages have long considered this place sacred and, having fallen ill, came here to get healing water. If faith was firm and prayer sincere, then a miracle happened, and even the hopelessly ill got rid of their ailments.
One of the most unusual landforms is the Stone Mushrooms. They can be formed under the influence of glaciers or tides, from the dissolution of surrounding rocks or erosion. It took several hundred years for the “stone Altai mushrooms” in the Ak-Kurum tract to form under the influence of wind and rain. "White scree" in Altai means Ak-Kurum. On the right bank of the Chulyshman, a two-hour drive from its confluence with Lake Teletskoye, there is the Akkurum (Ak-Korum) tract. “Kurums” are usually called accumulations of large boulders and fragments of solid rock on gentle slopes and at their foot, formed by weathering. A feature characteristic of kurums is their slow movement down the slope.
There are many lakes in Altai - more than 6 thousand, many of them are car or moraine-dammed. It is often said that Altai is a country of blue lakes. The largest - Teletskoye, Markakol - are located in basins of tectonic origin. The picturesque Teletskoye Lake is especially famous (its length is 78 km, the average width is 3.2 km, the depth is up to 325 m) with steep wooded, and in some places rocky shores. The largest Lake Markakol in the Altai Mountains (about 449 sq. km.) Is also famous for its very beautiful shores and rich flora and fauna. Kulunda Lake is the largest among all the lakes of Altai (728 sq. km).
Maashei is a lake that disappeared in July 2012. As a result of heavy rains, it overflowed, erosion of the soil occurred, and the waters of the lake completely disappeared. The lake was formed no more than 100 years ago due to a powerful landslide that stopped across the Mazhoy River. It was located at an altitude of 1984 m in the region of the Severo-Chuysky ridge, had a width of about 400 m and a length of 1500 m. Maasheyskoye Lake was rightfully considered one of the most beautiful reservoirs in Altai and was popular with tourists. Powerful glaciers are located in its vicinity: Maashey, Kurumbu and Kurkurek.
Lebedinoye Lake is located near the village of Urozhaynoye in the Sovetsky District Altai Territory. This is a small reservoir about 1 km long and an average depth of 1 m, the water in it flows clean and transparent, hence the second name of the lake is Svetloe. Due to the large number of springs spouting from the bottom of the reservoir, the lake does not freeze and in winter has a temperature not lower than +4°C. Every year, a flock of whooper swans arrives in the swan reserve and stays there for the winter, and this is how the name Swan appeared. In addition to swans, birds such as goldeneye, gray goose, black-headed and gray gulls, reed bunting, blue tit also winter here.
Entrance - triangular shape Width 7 m Height 4 m Length 90 m. Bolshaya Kyrkylinskaya
Malaya Kyrkylinskaya 50 m from the Bolshoy Low and narrow gallery 30 m long.
And strange and wonderful - everywhere around the whole region they praise the Russian Altai. And the mountains are beautiful, and the depths are mighty, and the rivers are fast, and the flowers are unprecedented ... Where does this general veneration of Altai come from?! N.K. Roerich
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