Pawnshop how to open what you need. How to open a pawnshop and what is needed for this? Choosing the right location is the key to successful pawnshop operation.

A pawnshop is a type of business that is distinguished by its specifics and an entrepreneur needs to be well versed in the activities of such establishments for successful work. During a crisis, people often turn to a pawnshop to get the funds necessary for life or pay off loans and debts.

Therefore, the turnover of pawnshops is increasing, at the same time the number of opening establishments is growing. According to statistics, up to 200 such organizations are registered annually in Russia alone. How to open your own pawnshop from scratch? The answer is in this article!

A pawnshop is an institution that issues a loan to the public secured by the client's valuable property for certain period. The interest rate for the use of cash by clients is set independently by the pawnshop (in Russia it is forbidden to exceed 25%).

The advantages of opening a pawnshop are availability and high profitability. It is impossible to answer unequivocally whether it is profitable to open a pawnshop. This is influenced by a number of factors:

chosen location for the pawnshop;
the amount of the rent;
advertising effectiveness, etc.

A pawnshop located in a busy, high-traffic area (next to hypermarkets, shops, shopping centers) can expect to be more successful, although this is not yet a guarantee of a stable income.

The room in the center has disadvantages:

high rent;
more competition;
when deciding to pawn a thing, a person tries to find a pawnshop not far from home.

It is necessary to determine the type of activity for yourself and find out how relevant the services offered are. Before organizing a pawnshop, you should study the necessary costs, take into account the risks and the amount of possible income. Drawing up a business plan with preliminary calculations will allow you to estimate the amount of investment and their payback period.

The highest liquidity is Jewelry, but customers often pawn furs, household appliances. Storing clothes comes with some challenges, and Appliances becomes obsolete quickly, its value is lost.

Choosing a pawn shop

Not always a premise located in the city center brings more profit than one located in a "sleeping" area. It is recommended to opt for a pawnshop on the first or basement floor (the entrance from the yard is not good).

The room (area from 40 m2) must meet the requirements of the sanitary-epidemiological and fire service.

It should be noted that a pawnshop that issues loans secured by antiques or equipment requires a separate room where things will be stored. A car pawnshop needs a parking lot and, as a result, the cost of renting it will increase.

Before opening a pawnshop, you should prepare the following documents:

cash book;
job descriptions;
forms of employment contracts;
price order for gold;
an order for the size of rates in a pawnshop.

Additionally, an amount (10 million rubles) is needed to provide loans to customers. Monthly expenses will be:

The idea of how to open a pawnshop is very timely in difficult times: during such periods, people rethink their needs and begin to give up unnecessary things, primarily luxury goods. Business will flourish even in well-fed years: then zealous owners will get rid of annoying things in order to send the proceeds to partial payment for new ones. Another plus of pawnshops is that they are not interested in credit history, which is also important for a certain category of people.

Where to begin

What documents are needed to register a pawnshop, departmental portals tell in detail. Here is a step-by-step guide for those who want to open a pawnshop from scratch:

Search for a room with good traffic, but safe, because. the company is financially responsible for the safety of the collateral, and spacious - at least 50 sq.m, to have a place to store things;
Registration with the tax service as a legal entity;
Registration with the State Financial Monitoring Service;
If you intend to work with precious metals, then you need to declare yourself in the Inspectorate of Assay Supervision of the Assay Office.

Gosfinmonitoring supervises the movement cash flows. It helps to check the client, if necessary, his credit history. The department must be informed on all transactions, the amount of which exceeds 600,000 rubles.

You will also have to contact the Fire Inspectorate and SES.

Room equipment

The price list for services is drawn up by a glazed stand placed at the eye level of a person of average height. Similarly, copies of all permits are issued.

The pawnbroker needs:

double doors;
special lock;
signaling;
alarm button;
special bars on the windows;
bulletproof glass;
safe;
sheathing of walls with gratings of eighteen-millimeter rods and so on.

The design of the operating room is strict, business-like.

When accepting scrap of precious metals, you must definitely purchase at the Assay Office:

a complete set of appropriate tools, reagents and consumables;
electronic jewelry scales.

Naturally, you will need a computer, a printer, the Lombard program (its analogue). A fiscal registrar (KKM) is not needed if strict reporting forms are used.

Financial component

A pawnshop does not require a license to operate, and what is needed most of all is significant financial investments for its opening and operation.

How much money you need to open your own point depends on its location and direction of work and the city of work, to open a pawnshop in Moscow, of course, you will need to invest more money. Open an average pawnshop in a residential area in regional center will cost 800,000 rubles. A detailed description of the costs is given in the table.

Start-up costs:

Financial indicators:

the average monthly turnover of the establishment is 300,000 rubles;
the average amount of issuance is 10,000 rubles;
profit, consisting of the interest received and the surrender of gold for scrap, - 50,000 - 70,000 rubles per month;
payback period - 2-3 years.

In order for this business to flourish, it is necessary to constantly increase the volume of loans issued by at least 200,000 rubles a month. Income will grow proportionally. A successfully functioning pawnshop has a minimum balance of collateral in the amount of at least 1,500,000 rubles, and the share of unredeemed property is up to 20%.

The risk of non-repayment of a loan in the pawnshop business is compensated by the low value at which collateral is initially accepted: the estimated value of the collateral, i.e. the ratio of the real price of a thing to the amount of money issued for it is from 80 to 50%.

Competition

The business is so successful that network pawnshops have appeared. They offer more profitable terms customers and occupy the most promising points of sale, gradually crowding out individual entrepreneurs.

During periods of crisis in this area, the level of competition increases sharply. In addition to the struggle for a client between the pawnshops themselves, it is necessary to take into account the work of various microfinance organizations. They offer a similar service (short-term loan for a small amount at a high interest), but do not require collateral.

Features of the functioning of the business

Pawnshops are rarely interested in the financial reliability of the client - his credit history, income. Transactions are made only on the passport. The exception is car pawnshops, which, in order to conclude contracts, also need documents for a car.

Pawnshops cannot repair or clean jewelry. However, if you register another entity with the appropriate direction of activity, then it will fulfill all necessary work. The pawnshop will provide raw materials, a colleague in the holding will ensure its restoration and facilitate the sale.

There is practically no seasonality in the pawnshop business, but turnover increases by 10% before and after the holiday season and holidays.

Often points have their own specialization - jewelry (70% of collateral), electronics and household appliances (10%), car pawnshops, furs, securities(15%) etc. The presence of a narrow specialist allows you to more accurately evaluate the thing, so as not to overpay for it.

car pawnshops

Auto repair shops or car parks often work with cars as collateral. Business needs:

Production base - service station - for a competent assessment of the state of the machine and pre-sale preparation in case of refusal;
Guarded parking for 30-40 cars;
A large amount in circulation, because for each car, on average, you will need to lend about 250,000 rubles.

Furs

To work with furs, you need a specialist who can reliably evaluate a thing: identify the fur and its quality. The information on the label and the check may be unreliable.

A refrigerator is required to store fur coats.

Jewelry

Jewelry is accepted as scrap:

the serviceability of watch movements is always doubtful;
To determine the quality of stones, a highly qualified specialist is needed.

Determining the weight of a precious metal and its purity is much easier. Unclaimed scrap is sold to master jewelers.

Specialized enterprises work with antique and highly artistic products.

Summing up

If the outcome is unsuccessful in Moscow, a pawnshop can be sold for 1-3 million rubles, i.e. actually at cost. The return of all invested money in case of failure is also a good result, because for some time the enterprise was profitable.

Whether it is profitable to open a pawnshop, time and practice will show. People with an entrepreneurial streak have a profitability of about 30-40%. According to tacit professional statistics, about 40% of such enterprises constantly balance on the verge of collapse. The same number of newcomers are entering the market at the same time. Conclusion - business with a competent approach is very profitable.

Video: interview about the secrets of success from the owner of the pawnshop network

V Lately Pawnshops are springing up like mushrooms after the rain. Every now and then you see advertisements in the subway, transport, on the Internet, in various newspapers and magazines, that certain financial institutions are ready to give you a loan against the outpost of precious metals, real estate and movable property. Each pawnshop offers some of its own, special conditions luring customers with low rates, preferential loan terms, various systems loyalty and discounts.

A completely logical question arises, is the activity of pawnshops really so profitable that their number is increasing every day? In this article, we will talk about how to open a pawnshop what is needed for this, and what profit can be received in the first month of its activity.

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How to open a pawnshop: we study the legislative framework

The first thing you need to start opening your own pawnshop is to study the legislative framework, and all the regulatory legal acts regulating the work of a pawnshop. When starting any business, it is important to clearly understand what you will work with, how to protect yourself, and what to rely on, and opening a pawnshop is no exception. Already at the planning stage, study all the subtleties of this case, delve into the standards of conduct financial activities pawnshop, understand what rights you have as a borrower, and the one to whom you will lend money. It is necessary to understand everything in detail, so that later you don’t “break wood”, and not get into a difficult and unpleasant situation.

In Russia, the main law governing the activities of pawnshops is the Federal Law of 2007 N 196-FZ of July 19 "On Pawnshops".

In the context of this article, we will not consider the entire law in detail, because you must do it yourself, paying due attention to it, but we will highlight the main aspects that everyone who wants to open a pawnshop simply needs to know and understand.

The pawnshop is a commercial, financial institution, the main purpose of which is to issue money to the population on the security of some material values.
Pawnshops can store things that are collateral and issue loans for a period not exceeding one year. Any other activity within this financial institution, is prohibited.
Pawnshops are required to insure for the entire term of the loan the things that serve as collateral.
All transactions for the issuance of loans must be formalized by drawing up an agreement. The agreement should describe all aspects of providing money for loans - the loan term, interest rate, liability of the parties, penalties, etc.

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When issuing a loan, the pawnshop is obliged to provide the borrower with one copy of the document, which will describe what property the money was issued against. Such a document is called a "mortgage ticket". One copy of the ticket must remain in the hands of the borrower, one in the pawnshop.
The contract specifies the term of the loan, and the borrower is obliged to repay the amount, plus accrued interest for the use of money, within a clearly defined time frame. If the borrower does not repay the loan, or does it incompletely, then the pawnshop has every right to sell the item received on security in order to compensate for its costs.
Realization of the pledged thing takes place by selling it. If the thing is valued at more than 30,000 rubles, then it must be sold only at open auctions, which anyone can access.

As we said above, a pawnshop has the right only to store things and issue loans. But what if the borrower did not return the money within the agreed period, and you need to sell the mortgaged property? Here you will have to open an additional enterprise (as a rule, this is a legal entity), the main activity of which will be retail jewelry, or other goods (depending on the type of pawnshop).

It should also be noted that the activities of the pawnshop are still regulated by Order No. 203 of RosFinMonitoring dated 03.08. in cash or other property, to counteract the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime, as well as the financing of terrorism.

Check out this in detail legal act, because it describes in detail:

The requirements that the state imposes on the education and training of personnel working in financial sector and engaged in monetary transactions.
The form of personnel training, as well as the timing and frequency of the necessary recertification.
Organization of the training process for pawnshop workers.

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Many ignore the requirements of this order, but thereby expose their business to some risks. For the first violation, you face administrative liability and a possible fine. If you systematically violate the requirements of the decree, then the pawnshop may be closed.

Since the activities of pawnshops are associated with the circulation of precious and semi-precious stones, as well as various metals, Order No. 68n of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 08.29.2001 applies to it. This order regulates the procedure for storing and keeping records of precious metals and products made from them. This order is relevant only if you are going to lend secured by stones or precious metals. If the activity of your pawnshop does not provide for this kind of operation, then you can ignore this order.

Also pay Special attention to questions regarding the taxation of pawnshop activities. Here, too, there are certain subtleties and features associated with imperfect legislation. The tax code of the Russian Federation states that the activities of pawnshops fall under the general grounds for taxation, and the interest received from the pledge should not be subject to VAT. At the same time, activities related to the storage of things are subject to value added tax. Based on this, we can say that it is necessary to conduct different accounting reports, in which to display different profits.

Economic benefits of opening a pawnshop

If you wondered how to open a pawnshop, then you need to immediately think about the economic benefits of this type of activity. This is one of the most important points on which it is worth dwelling in detail, calculating everything, weighing the pros and cons of opening a pawnshop, and only after that make a decision on the appropriateness of this type of activity.

You need:

Clearly understand what capital investments will be required at the initial stage (opening a pawnshop), and whether any funds are needed to maintain the activities of the pawnshop in the first months, or until it reaches self-sufficiency.
Determine the cost of the business. Understand where, when, and how much to invest.
Clearly understand how much loans you need to issue monthly in order to reach the level of self-sufficiency.

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All these issues require detailed study, good and qualitative analysis. Let's look at the example of an already operating Moscow pawnshop all the issues that we outlined above. It is clear that Moscow is not a cheap city, and the numbers that we will use further should not frighten you too much. The total amount of investment in Moscow and in the regions may differ by three or even five times. If you plan to open a pawnshop in a small town, then the amount can be ten times less.

So, in order to equip a pawnshop in a room of 40 square meters, we need at least 17,000 dollars. This amount included: repair of the premises in which the pawnshop was located, the purchase of new office equipment and furniture, the purchase of special equipment, a safe, accounting programs, the order and printing of promotional materials, the purchase for an appraiser necessary tools and reagents, etc. Also, do not forget that you must have free funds, which in the future will be issued as a loan. In our case, opening a pawnshop cost $350,000, of which $17,000 was spent on repairs and technical issues, and $333,000 was money for loans.

Any business has monthly expenses, and our pawnshop, opened in Moscow, is no exception. Such expenses include:

Room rental. Based on the calculation of $200 per square meter, the monthly rent is $8,000.
Employee wages. In our pawnshop, the director received a salary, and 4 appraisers working in shifts. In total, 10,000 dollars were spent on salaries per month.
Security is an important part of the pawnshop business. You will work with precious metals, with large amounts of money that are stored in the premises of the pawnshop. Therefore, you need round-the-clock, high-quality and reliable security. In our case, all necessary funds defenses cost $5,000.
Other expenses. Pawnshop advertising, collateral insurance, administrative and accounting activities - $6,000.

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As a result, the pawnshop's monthly expenses amounted to $29,000.

Next, an analysis was made of the rate of all the largest pawnshops in Moscow, and it was found that it is about 10%. Taking this rate as a basis, and adding fixed costs for the activities of the pawnshop, it was found that loans should be issued for at least 350 thousand dollars per month. It is this amount that will allow the pawnshop to work without a loss.

It is not hard to guess that in order to make a profit, you need to issue loans in the amount of more than 350 thousand dollars per month. you can use this method, and calculate the required amount for your specific case.

Next, the required number of borrowers and the average loan amount were calculated. Based on the initial investment, and monthly costs, it was determined that 30-40 people should become clients of the pawnshop every day, and borrow from 170 to 340 dollars. In order to reach self-sufficiency, a pawnshop, on average, needs up to six months. Of course, a lot depends on your initial investment, and monthly costs. Also, the place where the pawnshop will be located, your customer acquisition policies, advertising activities, etc. play a big role. There were cases when, in the second month of operation, the pawnshop already paid for itself, and in less than six months it made a profit.

In our case, a pawnshop in Moscow paid off in full in 5 years.

Next step: registering a pawnshop

So with legislative framework you have read it, and now you clearly understand what you will have to face as a result of opening a pawnshop. We also calculated the economic component of your future business, and realized all the risks and difficulties, if any. Everything suits me? If yes, then you can proceed to the next step - registering a pawnshop. Let's take a step-by-step look at what and how you need to do in order to officially register your pawnshop.

First you need to choose the form and type of activity. Can you open a pawnshop? individual entrepreneur, but in this case, you may encounter a number of problems and difficulties. Many experienced businessmen advise immediately registering an LLC, and tying up your pawnshop under it. You can find the list of required documents and the process of registering an LLC on the official website of the Federal tax service— nalog.ru

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When registering an enterprise, you will need to indicate the type of future activity (KVED). Among hundreds of different KVEDs, you need to choose the following:

provision of short-term loans by pawnshops secured by movable property (65.22.6 OKVED);
provision of services for storing valuables (67.13.5 OKVED);
provision of information and consulting services (74.14 OKVED - consulting on business management and commercial activities).

After state registration, you must register the pawnshop with the federal financial monitoring service. You are given no more than 30 days for this procedure. You will also need to collect a certain package of documents for registration. More detailed information can be found on the website of the federal service.
If you plan to work with precious stones and metals, and the vast majority of pawnshops work with them, then you still need to collect documents and register the pawnshop with the Assay Office. This is done in accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Finance Russian Federation No. 68n dated August 29, 2001
Also, do not forget that all things accepted by you as collateral must be insured. The next step is choosing an insurance company and signing all the necessary contracts with them for the provision of property insurance services. Insurance is carried out exclusively at the expense of the pawnshop, and it is forbidden to force the borrower to pay for insurance.

The insurance agent of the selected company will tell you more about the insurance process.

Choosing the right location is the key to successful pawnshop operation.

If you are going to open a pawnshop, you should understand that right choice location is the key to success. The potential profit, the term for reaching self-sufficiency, and the prospects for the development of your business depend on where your pawnshop will be located. When choosing a place for a pawnshop, follow simple but very important rules:

The premises for the pawnshop should be located on the first line. For this, the basement floor is perfect, or basement to which a convenient staircase leads. Do not rent premises in the depths of courtyards, on impassable streets, where you cannot find the right pawnshop during the day with fire.
The place should be crowded, lively, with a large flow of people. The example that we described above showed that in order to pay off, a pawnshop must issue loans to 30-40 people a day. This can only be achieved through a good location in a crowded place.

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The most convenient places for the location of pawnshops are nearby areas from metro stations, stops public transport, in densely populated residential areas.
In order not to have problems with regulatory authorities, choose a room that meets all the standards of the SES and the fire service. You do not need extra checks and fines at the very beginning of the activity.

Final stage: the beginning of the pawnshop

So, you have dealt with the legislative framework that regulates the activities of a pawnshop, calculated the economic benefits of this type of activity, looked after and evaluated the premises for a future business, collected Required documents, and have already begun the process of registering the official activities of the pawnshop. And now the final stage - the beginning of work. There is very little left, after which you can tell everyone - I am the owner of the pawnshop. So, you need:

Select qualified personnel, the number of which is determined based on the size of the pawnshop, the number of services that you are going to provide, and the jewelry you want to work with. If you plan to work with precious stones, then you need a specialist appraiser, or technical means, which determine the value of the stone, its carat and purity.
Choose the best work schedule. Of course, it is ideal for a pawnshop to work around the clock. If this is not possible at the initial stage, then an excellent schedule is from 11 to 23. As a rule, it makes no sense to start working in the morning, because few people apply for a loan as soon as the sun rises.
Next, we conclude an agreement with a security company that will provide a wide range of services. Keeping a security guard on staff is impractical. It is much more profitable and better to cooperate with a professional security company, have surveillance cameras and an alarm button.

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Do not forget that you need to develop internal documentation: the rules of the pawnshop, internal regulations, employment contracts with personnel, contracts for issuing loans, etc.
We live in a technological time when business activities are greatly simplified with the help of various gadgets and programs. Therefore, buy a special software for pawnshops, which will help you keep accounting records faster and more accurately, calculate potential profits, tell you when and how much to pay taxes.

That, perhaps, is all that we wanted to tell. Now you know, how to open a pawnshop what steps you need to go through, and what to pay attention to first.

The worse the economic situation, the more in demand the services of pawnshops become. So, now a pawnshop is profitable business. In the article, we will consider how to open a pawnshop from scratch, what documents are needed for this and how much money is required.

How to open a pawnshop from scratch

By law, a pawnshop is a credit institution that issues loans secured by movable property. Often pawnshops have a specialization - for example, they only accept jewelry or cars, but there are also general pawnshops. So first step when starting a business - conducting market analysis and choosing a niche in demand in your city.

step two- calculation of expenses. They need to invest in:

Registration
Equipment
Monthly expenses
Opening

Based on monthly expenses calculate interest rate loans that you will issue secured by property.

Step Three - determine the location of the pawnshop. Win-win - busy street or popular shopping center. However, a pawnshop can also successfully operate in a densely populated residential area - it is important to be accessible and visible.

Step Four - come up with a memorable name and attractive design, order a bright sign.

Step five - register a legal entity at the tax office.

Keep in mind that the name of the legal entity must contain the word "pawnshop", and the charter must spell out the activities of the organization (loans, storage of valuables, consulting services).

Step Six and the most difficult when opening a pawnshop from scratch - obtaining permits, licenses and certificates. You need to register with Federal Service on financial monitoring and State Inspectorate Assay Supervision of the Russian State Assay Chamber. You will also need title documents for the premises (lease or sale agreement) and a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion with a list of types of services performed/rendered. In addition, you are obliged to insure the things accepted as collateral in favor of the pledgers.

According to the Federal Law of August 8, 2001 No. 128-FZ "On Licensing Certain Types of Activities", licensing of the activities of pawnshops is not provided.

step seven - recruitment. The success of your business depends on the qualifications of your employees. If an employee gives money for fake jewelry, problems cannot be avoided.

How much does it cost to open a pawn shop

Calculating the cost of opening a pawnshop is difficult. The amount of investment in this business depends primarily on the type of organization: for example, opening a car pawnshop will cost you the most. On average, the cost of opening a pawnshop in Russia is 1-1.5 million rubles.

You will have to spend a significant amount on rent / purchase of premises, which will still need to be equipped. You will need:

Sheathe the room with a grate made of special metal wire
Install alarm, panic button and video surveillance
Hang storage shelving

You also need to buy:

Several safes
Computer
a printer
Cash register
Jewelry electronic scales
Assay needles
Touchstone
Assay acids
Reagent tubes
Ringmeters
Lamps with white, ultraviolet and other types of lighting
Detectors for precious metals and stones
Stationery
office furniture

In addition, mandatory payments will “eat up” most of the costs:

Employee salary
Insurance
Doing accounting
Rent

Opening a pawnshop by law: requirements in 2017

The activities of pawnshops in Russia are regulated by many laws and regulations:

No. 315-FZ of December 1, 2007 "On pawnshops"
No. 197-FZ of July 19, 2007 "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in Connection with the Adoption federal law"About pawnshops"
No. 375-FZ of December 21, 2013 "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation"
No. 363-FZ dated December 21, 2013 “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation and Recognizing as Invalid Certain Provisions of Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in Connection with the Adoption of the Federal Law “On Consumer Credit (Loan)””
No. 353-FZ dated December 21, 2013 "On consumer credit (loan)"
No. 151-FZ dated July 02, 2010 "On microfinance activities and microfinance organizations"
No. 315-FZ of December 1, 2007 "On Self-Regulatory Organizations"

Taxation of pawnshops

According to Art. 346.12 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, pawnshops are not entitled to apply the simplified taxation system.

In addition, paragraph 5 of paragraph 3 of Art. 149 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation establishes: income received in the form of interest on loans is not subject to VAT, and storage activities are subject to VAT. Therefore, the organization needs to maintain separate accounting records.

Reporting of pawnshops

Like all companies leading commercial activity, pawnshops are required to report on their activities to the state:

V central bank RF: once a quarter - on activities, monthly - on cash transactions, once a year - on personnel governing bodies
To Rosfinmonitoring: quarterly - FES-04 report, once a year - internal report of the CEO

How to open a pawnshop with less risk

If you are not ready to spend the time and effort to open a pawnshop from scratch, consider buying ready business or franchise.

By buying an operating pawnshop, you save time and money on obtaining permits, finding premises, hiring employees, concluding partnership agreements. This option is perfect for entrepreneurs with little experience - you do not have to build a company from scratch.

If you are not ready to manage the business on your own, you want to work under famous brand and get support, buy a franchise. It is in the interests of the franchisor to teach you all the business tricks and contribute to your success, which is especially important in the absence of entrepreneurial experience.

The pawnshop is profitable business, requiring significant investments at the opening stage. But with proper management, these costs will quickly pay off, and the profit will not keep you waiting.

Pawnshops are distributed all over the world and bring considerable profit to their owners. Pawnshop clients are middle-class people. In our country, pawnshops located in the city center are in great demand, which should be taken into account when looking for premises for a pawnshop.

The pawnshop makes a profit all year round, but spring and autumn are considered the most profitable. As a rule, this is due to the fact that most people prepare for holidays in the spring, and in the fall they need money after returning from vacation.
In this article, we will tell you what is needed to open a pawnshop, how profitable this type of business is, and what risks a businessman who wants to open a pawnshop may face.

Opening a pawnshop, like any other, needs start-up investments. Besides necessary equipment, rent of premises and salaries of employees, as a rule, no additional costs will have to be incurred.

In order to open a pawnshop, you need the following:

rent a room and take care of its proper protection;
install video surveillance;
install an alarm system;
purchase safes, cells and other special furniture.

If you plan to open a universal pawnshop, the optimal area of the premises should be about 100m². For a pawnshop specializing only in the acceptance of jewelry, 20 m² will be enough.

Important for the full and uninterrupted operation of the pawnshop is the following:

software that will help to provide high-quality and fast customer service;
the necessary equipment for assessing and weighing accepted jewelry;
the presence of an advertising stand in front of the entrance to the pawnshop, to attract visitors.

Staff

As a rule, a small team consisting of a security guard, an appraiser, an accountant and cashiers work in a pawnshop.

The choice of personnel must be approached with all seriousness. However, the most serious is the selection of candidates for the position of appraiser. The incumbent of this position must have good experience and high qualifications to distinguish a fake from a real precious metal. The profitability of any pawnshop depends on the work of the appraiser.

Any entrepreneur who wants to open a pawnshop must, first of all, decide on the type of legal board - OJSC, CJSC or LLC. You can consult with lawyers in advance and even order legal support. Many companies, for a fee, provide services and help with the preparation of the necessary documentation.

So, in order to be able to open a pawnshop and carry out legal entrepreneurial activity You must have the following documents in your hands:

registration certificate;
documents proving ownership of the premises or lease agreement;
permission from SES.

The operation procedure of a pawnshop is quite simple and transparent - a person brings and gives a certain value to a pawnshop, for which he receives a part of its value. The assessment is made by the appraiser and announced to the client. These loans are disbursed for short term often less than one month. At the end of the appointed period, the client brings money, pays a fixed percentage and takes his valuables.

In the event that the client cannot redeem his valuables after the expiration of the appointed period, the loan agreement is extended while maintaining the original conditions. After several renewals, the pawnshop has the right to put the value up for sale.

Practice shows that clients who need money are much more willing to turn to pawnshops than to banks or microfinance organizations. This is understandable, since the money can be received on the same day and there is no need to provide a large number of documents. In addition, pawnshops do not require a guarantor.

Pawnshop owners take less risk when lending money to customers than banks. Having issued the money, the pawnshop leaves certain valuables as collateral - gold, silver and other valuables. Even if the client does not return to fulfill the terms of the contract and return the money, the pawnshop does not lose anything, as it can sell the pawned jewelry and return its money. So this species business activity is considered the least risky of all existing today.

Payback pawnshop

Practice shows that the payback period of a pawnshop does not exceed one and a half years. However, the specifics of the work of pawnshops is such that the first six months can be very difficult in financial terms. Most pawnshops do not survive this bar and close after not even a year. Therefore, the most important thing is to stay on the market for at least two years.

If the crisis period is successfully passed and the pawnshop began to make a profit, then its size can reach up to 4 thousand dollars a month. So, a pawnshop is the least risky and rather profitable type of business with a short payback period. It is very profitable to open a pawnshop as additional business, having an existing one.

Possible risks

As in any activity, there are certain risks in this type of business. Let's define the main categories that you should pay closer attention to.

The first risk is associated with the difficulties of determining the value of the accepted products. In order not to work at a loss, it is necessary to ensure that the state has a qualified and experienced appraiser who can distinguish real jewelry from fakes.

Another risk is related to the origin of the delivered goods. It is almost impossible to make sure whether the client is the owner of the values to be handed over. Therefore, in some cases, law enforcement agencies may seize stolen valuables, which will lead to certain losses.

Good luck to you!

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