Owning your own business is the dream of many Russians who are tired or not ready to be hired workers. Having promising business- the plan should determine in what organizational and legal form to register your enterprise, choose the optimal taxation system and resolve a number of other issues. You can learn about how to open a company in Russia from experienced lawyers who are well familiar with the procedure for registering legal entities.
Optimal legal form
The most profitable and optimal organizational and legal form in terms of taxation and complexity of management accounting and reporting is an LLC. This is the conclusion that most entrepreneurs who want to start their own business without extra costs. You can cope with this task yourself by following step by step instructions experienced lawyer.
The owner (or owners) will have to:
- - prepare the necessary package of documents;
- - decide on the types of activities;
- - form the authorized capital;
- - choose the optimal taxation system;
- - go through the registration procedure;
- - open a bank account;
- - make a seal;
- - choose an office;
- - hire staff.
To organize and register a company with this form of ownership, one founder is enough, but the total number of participants cannot exceed 50 people.
Registration documents
To create your own company in the form of a company with limited liability it is necessary to prepare a package of documents in which In addition to the application form P11001, the following must be included:
- decision of the founder (made individually) or minutes of the meeting of founders (if there are several of them);
- charter of the enterprise;
- memorandum of association (subject to the creation of a company by 2 or more persons);
- a document confirming payment of the state fee;
- a duly executed power of attorney (if a representative is involved in registration);
- application for transition to an acceptable taxation system.
Before submitting documents, you must take care of your legal address. The registration authority will require the document and require confirmation of its availability. If this is a rented or your own premises, you will have to provide letter of guarantee, signed by the owner, if the company is registered at the address of the general director or founder, his written consent will be required.
As for the size of the authorized capital, it cannot be less than 10 thousand rubles, and must be fully paid within 4 months after completing the registration procedure.
Tax system: what to choose?
Current legislature Russian Federation allows you to choose the following types:
- - simplified (USN);
- - general (OSNO);
- - single tax for temporary tax (UTII);
- - single agricultural tax (USAT);
- - patent system (PSN).
Most owners modern companies prefer the “simplified” approach. This system is best option for owners of small companies. Its advantages are obvious:
- you will have to regularly pay one tax, instead of three;
- contributions to the budget are made once a quarter;
- reporting is submitted once a year.
The system allows you to choose taxation at 2 rates:
- - 6% (all profit received by the enterprise is taxed);
- - 15%, which is taxed on the company’s income (this takes into account the expenses that the company had in the process of operation).
Enterprises that have chosen the general system pay property tax, profit tax and VAT and are required to regularly submit reports on them.
Companies operating on UTII pay a contribution to the budget, the amount of which depends on the type of activity, the size of the area in which it is carried out, the availability and number of employees.
The Unified Agricultural Tax can choose an enterprise whose 70% of income is derived from the sale of agricultural products.
The patent system is intended for companies whose type of activity requires obtaining permitting documents(patent).
Selection of activities
Any enterprise is created only if its founders know what they want to do and have a business plan for the development of their company. However, you should think about the fact that in the process of work, related areas may appear that will make the business even more successful. When preparing registration documents, you will have to indicate one main type of activity and any number of additional ones.
It’s not a problem if in the process of work the company needs to add additional types activities. This can be easily done by writing a corresponding application to the tax authority.
Registration procedure
Having prepared Required documents Having chosen the types of activities and the optimal taxation system, you can proceed to the final stage - submitting documents. Modern legislation allows this to be done in several ways:
- personally or through a representative;
- by mail;
- using the Internet.
Having chosen the first option, you should contact the registration authority of the Federal Tax Service at the location of the company’s legal address. In large cities, this function is transferred to multifunctional centers. If documents are submitted by a representative, you must ensure that you have a notarized power of attorney. When transferring documents in person, all founders must be present (the same composition will have to pick up the documents). The application is considered and a decision is made within three working days from the date of submission.
When submitting an application by mail, you should be aware that you do not need to visit the registration authority to receive completed documents. They will be sent to the company's legal address. The disadvantage of this method is that it is necessary notarization signatures of all founders, and these are significant costs, to which will be added payment for postal services.
The most popular way to submit applications is online. The special service is simple and easy to use, which allows you to effortlessly fill out the necessary forms even for people who are not confident Internet users. In addition, the program is configured in such a way that the applicant will not be able to submit forms filled out with errors, and this significantly simplifies the procedure for receiving documents.
Also on the topic of starting your own company, see:Reading time: 13 minutes
The business of selling goods is the most popular type of business among beginners. Many people want to open a business selling goods, considering this type activities are easier than providing services. In addition, in many cases the sale of goods does not need to be registered. If you are interested in this business, we will tell you where to start and how to open a sales business.
7 Big Steps to Starting a Product Selling Business
1. Choosing a business idea
First you need to select a product to sell. There are many ways to select a product, but we will highlight the following two points:
Your goods. You are a producer of something or you are breeding or growing something at home. For example, you produce home candles, knit, make bath brooms, food or large goods made of wood - gazebos, furniture. All this relates to production. There is also an option with breeding, for example, pig farming, broiler breeding, rabbit breeding, other livestock and poultry farming. Or growing vegetables, strawberries, herbs, etc.
Strangers. In the case of other people's goods, you simply look for suppliers of the goods. But in this case, it is better to evaluate the market (point below) so that sales continue and the business does not get stuck in one place.
2. Search for a supplier
In the first case, you are the supplier, so in addition to sales, you must properly produce goods for sale. As for finding a supplier, the main thing here is to find a quality product from a reliable partner. The main ways to find a supplier are China, local or outside of where you live. The fourth case is focused on independent production.
China. Typically this is Chinese online stores with goods or resellers living in China. If you find a good reseller, consider yourself lucky. There are risks with a reseller: how to receive defective goods, and never get it at all. Online stores operate more responsibly, but there are mistakes there too.
Local. Look for local large wholesalers, purchase goods and sell at retail with your own cape. This option does not always work, but in large cities it is quite possible to do.
Urban/rural. For example, home manufacturers or large wholesalers from other cities. It all depends on the choice of business idea and your location. If you sell meat in the city, then the suppliers will be from the villages. Goods in urban settlements will come from larger cities.
We produce it ourselves. Well, there is an option if you produce the product yourself and are an independent manufacturer. In this case, you need to competently conduct production, purchasing raw materials in bulk and producing goods for sale on time.
3. How we sell
After you have chosen a product and found suppliers, you need to decide how you will sell your product. There are many ways to sell a product, and entrepreneurs often combine several methods to increase business income.
A point in the city. Goods purchased from suppliers are usually sold from a location in the city. It could be a boutique, a stall or a store. In the case of a small starting capital entrepreneurs are looking for a place to rent. Sometimes it is necessary to buy a boutique and then pay rent. Can be purchased in installments.
From home. This sales method is more suitable for selling goods own production. But some ideas for other people’s products can also be sold at home. For example, selling children's clothing at home. In this case, the main thing is to advertise your products as much as possible. Use a variety of advertising methods.
Online store, social networks. You can combine sales options, or you can use only online sales. In the first case, for example, sale sports nutrition- can be done in all ways. When selling online, you need to promote your pages on social networks and constantly advertise your site. You can combine the site with social networks to increase sales.
We sell in batches if we manufacture our own. If you produce a certain product in large quantities, you can sell it to retailers. For example, sell dried fruits in bulk to appropriate stores, donate homemade items to a gift shop, meat to butcher shops, give the goods for sale, etc.
4. Idea evaluation
Once you have decided on your sales methods, you need to evaluate your idea. Evaluating the effectiveness of the idea will show how profitable the business can be.
Problem. First, does your product solve a population problem? If we're talking about not about online sales, then the product should be needed by people in your area.
Need. Do people have a need for your product? If you exclude competition, how much can you make from sales?
Competition. If there is competition, what is it like? Is it possible to completely suppress it? If you are in the shadow of large competitors, is it possible to earn decent money?
Margin. How much net profit will you make from each product sold?
To effectively evaluate an idea, try selling the product before you launch the business. Through advertising or the Internet. Identify demand.
5. Pre-launch procedures
We cut costs. Find ways to cut costs. Even with good capital to fully launch a business, it is better to look for ways to reduce costs without losing quality. This will give you practice in solving problems related to your business.
Equipment. Is equipment necessary? Don't forget to cut costs - buy used equipment.
Product. Are there additional types of goods for sale? Is it possible to take the goods for sale? Prepare your goods.
Workers. Do as much as possible on your own. If you don't understand anything, hire a professional. For example, to create a website.
Business plan. Do you need a business plan? If necessary, write a business plan yourself using examples downloaded from the Internet and templates.
Registration. Do I need to register a business right away or can I work without registering to check the product? Is it necessary to register an individual entrepreneur in home production?
Resolve all issues related to the procedure for launching a full-fledged sales business.
6. Starting a business
When starting a business, you need to master in advance all the qualities of an entrepreneur that will allow you to persistently promote your business. Also adhere to the rules of doing business and the basic rules for selling goods. They will help you set up your business and run it for many years without losing quality.
- read the article Rules for a Beginning Entrepreneur
7. Business development
If your idea brings a stable income, albeit minimal, over several months, then you have room to grow. This is good. Now it is important to properly set up the business for development, with minimal investment and increased sales.
Ways of business development. First you need to choose the path of small business development based on your current situation. Leave everything as it is or develop. In what direction to develop? If you choose the development option, you need to draw up a development strategy.
Business development strategy. When choosing a business development strategy, continue to evaluate the market. If sales increase with an increase in product or its variety, implement it. If new ways of selling goods will bring additional monthly profits, implement them.
- read the article Example of a business development strategy
We increase income. The main goal business development should be the idea of increasing business income. You can increase your income in different ways, both by adding additional products and by expanding your sales methods. But don’t forget about 4 more points that increase business income. About them below.
Advertising. It is necessary to increase both the methods of sales and improve the presentation of advertising itself. There are ways to manipulate customers in advertising. Using such techniques will increase the number of clients coming. Use other ideas for attracting customers based on discounts and promotions. There are many ways to attract more clients to your business. At least half will be suitable for the sales business.
Sales and clients. Increasing sales is not so difficult, although many do not use the most banal methods. First, be polite and learn to listen and communicate with the client. Secondly, you need to please the client. Use various sales techniques and techniques to sell the main product, additional, return the client and get him to talk about you. Proper business management in general will increase sales.
We start word of mouth. Gift to the client, good attitude towards the client, discounts, competitions, promotions, amenities. Everything that the client likes makes him talk about you, increases recommendations and starts word of mouth.
Business ideas for selling
We will present you with a small list of business ideas that may include good sales. Let's divide it into 2 parts - the first, where you need to obtain the product yourself, the second part - the goods are bought from wholesalers.
Independent production of a product for sale
Starting your business, you can organize your own office or be a co-founder in it. So, I worked as a sales director for a branch network (hired director).
By choosing the second option, you can carry the entire company on yourself. But while you are a hired director, without a documented option - a share in the business, you can be denied access to the business at any time. CRM, change the locks and say: “boy, go rub it.”
This replacement worked for me on a Mac, but you get my point.
Thinking about this possibility prompted me to register an organization (legal entity) and for more than a year formed (debugged) processes for organizing the work of the company.
My expenses for the first year were as follows:
1. The state fee for registering an LLC is 4,000 rubles.
2. Opening a company through an office - 11,000 rubles if registered legal entity. We opened through an office on Kurskaya, this is a good option. They can also propose a Charter, now the rules have changed regarding the LLC
3. Providing a legal address - 10,000 rubles.
4. Office - room 2 by 2 meters. For example, we have 6,200 rubles per month.
5. Mail - depending on who you are. They bring it to us free of charge directly to the building - it’s very convenient.
6. Contribution to the charter - 10,000 rubles.
Total: 41200 rublesonopening.
Currentexpensesoncompany:
1. You will need to hire an employee (aka CEO and he is an accountant). It will cost you 15,000 rubles per month.
2. You pay office rent. It costs us 6,200 rubles a month.
3. You will need an accountant who will work remotely. He will decide personnel issues, deal with salaries, advise on legal issues. It will cost 13,000 rubles per month. Our company uses the capabilities of remote accounting, collaborating with "Prime Audit"(city of Tver), by our clients via Bitrix24. We organized interaction with them by inviting their employee to our corporate portal as a full-time employee. Cooperation is carried out in accordance with the approved regulations for servicing the current account, maintaining accounting for both companies, maintaining personnel and reporting.
4. You will have to open an account with Sberbank - 1250 rubles per month.
Total: 35450 rublesonmonthlyexpenses.
Thus, the cost of opening your own company is 41,200 rubles. In addition, you will have to take into account the monthly costs of maintaining the company, about 35,450 rubles.
Everyone chooses their own path in business. But the costs, in my opinion, are nothing compared to the risk of working in a large foreign company, like the risk of hearing one day the following: “Boy, go to hell.”
So the question is about opening your own business- this is a security issue. You plan profits, calculate risks and costs. The main thing is to make a decision about your status in business as early as possible, so as not to invest in an obviously losing option. If you are opening a company without expecting serious profits, at first you can make one or two transactions a month to earn 35,000 rubles to maintain the company. This is already not bad: the company is working, and you are mastering the procedure for working with documents.
prosdiscoveriesownbusiness:
1. A person who has his own business can easily get himself any certificate for traveling abroad and draw up any salary for himself. By the way, it is also much easier to make a foreign passport.
2. You can provide services for conducting and supporting transactions for other companies and individuals and charge an average of 3% of the transaction for these services.
3. Give yourself and your company’s employees a corporate cellular communication. Transfer numbers from an individual to a legal entity. In our company, all numbers are translated to Personal Area legal entity Megafon. Payment is 3000 rubles for 5 rooms per month. In addition, the company pays for the calls of each employee (1000 rubles per month), so they all have unlimited communication opportunities with clients. Communication services also include Internet packages. Of course, the entire range of communication services is purchased by the company and written off as its expenses.
4. If you are planning to buy a car, then, having your own business with an annual turnover of 10 million rubles per year, you can easily lease a car in 3 - 4 years. This is how we took the car for trips to the Moscow region and other needs. The payment for such a purchase is written off as a company expense. This, among other things, allows you to reduce the payment of VAT by the amount of VAT paid by the lessor. Machine maintenance is paid for by bank transfer and written off as an expense. In the same way, we write off the cost of purchasing gasoline. We buy gasoline by bank transfer through Magistral Auto.
5. It is also convenient to make your next purchases at Komus through your personal account. It is clear that purchases from Komus are needed not only for the office (from paper to the microwave), but will also come in handy at home (for my daughter to draw, for example). The main thing is that any purchases can be written off as much as possible as company expenses. You gradually get used to this method of saving, and any work or home purchase is checked from the point of view of the criterion: whether it is possible to save by writing off costs.
6. An example of such mini-discoveries in the field of purchases: we purchase water and a cooler/pump for each employee’s home by bank transfer and write it all off as expenses.
7. A recent example from my experience - a business trip: I purchased tickets to St. Petersburg by bank transfer, visited the exhibition and wrote off the travel expenses as expenses.
8. A point that follows from all of the above. You have a volume of expenses that you make as an individual. A certain part of them can be safely presented as “costs” of a legal entity. For example, children's party can be " corporate event for staff".
This article contains only a few points from the system of our work. My message is that the path to freedom begins with simple and thoughtful decisions. I will be glad to receive feedback on the article.
Today, opening an LLC is the most common form of legal entity, which is widely used by entrepreneurs to conduct their business. commercial activities, including when registering an LLC with a foreign founder. Statistics show that currently more than half of all legal entities in our country are registered in the form of opening a turnkey LLC. Our company YUST Group provides a full range of services for registering an LLC with a legal address in an expedited time frame. We are ready to offer several different registration options: from preparing documents and consultation, to turnkey LLC registration, including making a seal and opening a bank account, which includes a maximum of services. Also on the pages of our website you can familiarize yourself with the prices and list of LLC registration services that we are ready to offer.
LLC, as a form of legal entity, has a number of undoubted advantages.
Among them it is worth noting:
- inexpensive cost of registering an LLC in 2020 ( minimum expenses for state fees, notary and authorized capital);
- a small package of documents for registration with the tax office (application form, LLC charter, decision on creation, state duty);
- registration of a new LLC from scratch, with one founder (including a foreign founder);
- registration of opening an LLC with the tax office online, accelerated deadlines for preparing documents for the tax office, and completing the stages independently in Moscow;
- minimum level of business risks.
Our company is ready to quickly and competently register your LLC. Registration periods range from one to nine days, depending on the selected service package.
Necessary documents for LLC registration
By contacting our company YUST Group to register your LLC with a certain number of participants and authorized capital, you can count on a quick and relatively inexpensive completion of this paperwork procedure. We can carry out the registration of an LLC on a turnkey basis or simply provide certain advisory services for collecting the required package documents. You, as the future owner of the LLC, must submit the following documents:
1. Individual- a copy of the passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation or a passport of a foreign citizen (foreign founder).
2. Legal entity - all information about the accountant and director, legal address, total size authorized capital, as well as the ratio of shares of all co-owners.
We, in turn, are ready to provide all the documents you need for quick LLC registration:
- an application in a certain form from the applicant with his signature;
- an agreement or minutes of a meeting confirming the decision of the co-founders to open an LLC;
- a document confirming the legal status of each co-founder;
- a document indicating payment of the mandatory state fee.
Step-by-step instructions 2020 - stages of LLC registration
1. Preparation of the required documents for the tax office.
2. Submission of a complete package of documents to the registration government agency(in person, online, government services, MFC).
3. Obtaining a certificate of registration of a legal entity (MI Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation No. 46 for Moscow).
4. Making a stamp and opening an account in the selected bank.
At first glance, it may seem to an uninformed person that the registration procedure for such a company is transparent and simple, but our experience suggests the opposite. The slightest inaccuracy in the submitted documents may cause a refusal. Considering the very inexpensive cost of registering an LLC using our specialists, you should think about whether it’s worth spending time for the sake of insignificant savings Money.
Our company has been working in the field of providing legal and registration services for many years, so we know all the intricacies of this process. We are ready to register your LLC as quickly as possible.
Contact YUST Group - we have reliable, fast and inexpensive LLC registration.
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