Equipment for the production of dishes from polypropylene. Production of disposable tableware as a business: a list of equipment, a description of manufacturing technology, the nuances of organizing a business. Personnel for the production of disposable tableware

One of the most profitable business lines is the manufacture disposable tableware. People use plastic utensils when having picnics outside the city, on various trips, at children's parties, so the demand for this product is not declining, and this type of product will remain in demand for many years to come. The difference between this type of dishes from porcelain and glass is its light weight, ease of transportation and low price.

Our business valuation:

Starting investment - 20,000,000 rubles.

Market saturation is high.

The complexity of starting a business is 8/10.

Reasons for choosing this niche

Many people are mistaken in saying that production plastic tableware is exclusively seasonal business. In practice, entrepreneurs have proven that this type of business is year-round, the reason for this is that people use dishes intended for one use all the time.

This type of business is highly profitable. The main advantages of plastic utensils are its hygiene and safety. The use of this type of plates, containers, glasses and cutlery saves time for putting things in order after various festive events.

A business in the production of disposable tableware involves the use of high-tech equipment that allows you to receive goods High Quality. The line for the production of disposable tableware, which is located at the enterprise, allows the production of glasses of various capacities, as well as bowls, plates of various sizes, straws for drinks, cutlery and other disposable products.

The entrepreneur should understand that there are the following types of customers:

people who buy goods for seasonal picnics, celebrations, events;
point owners Catering, services for the delivery of lunches, cafes, as well as owners, drinks and oxygen cocktails.

The second clients are more often carried out wholesale trade disposable tableware.

It is noted that at first it is difficult to sell disposable plastic tableware in the "young" business, since it is necessary to form a customer base. Only high quality goods can attract potential buyers. It is important to hire an experienced advertising manager who can promote the business and form a customer base.

Important stages of production organization

In order for a business to make a profit, it is necessary to complete several important steps for this:

register a business;
buy equipment;
find employees.

How to register a business?

To open a factory for the production of disposable tableware in Russia, it is necessary to legally register a soybean entrepreneurial activity completing the relevant documents. When choosing between an individual entrepreneur and an LLC, one should focus on the expected profit from production. A form of business in the form of an individual entrepreneur is registered if it is supposed small production. If an entrepreneur is going to establish big business, then an LLC is formed (a company with limited liability). The advantages of the latter are greater trust of partners in the founder of production, a simplified taxation system, as well as the possibility of obtaining significant discounts on raw materials for the manufacture of disposable plastic tableware.

To carry out the sale of manufactured products, it is mandatory to obtain a certificate that confirms the compliance of the goods with the established standards in accordance with GOST.

Where is the production located?

The workshop should be located outside the city. The mini plant has an area of about 100 m². Of these, 70 m² is an industrial workshop, 15 m² is a warehouse, the remaining 15 m² are utility rooms and a bathroom. For a large production, an area of 600 m² will suffice.

The room where food disposable plastic utensils will be produced should have the following parameters:

3-4 m - minimum ceiling height;
the floor is filled with concrete or tiles are laid on it;
three-phase electrical network;
availability of ventilation ducts, sewerage and water supply;
treatment of walls with refractory liquids up to 2 meters high from the floor.

The plant should also be equipped with utility and storage facilities.

What raw materials need to be purchased?

Raw materials for disposable tableware must be of high quality. You will need polystyrene, it is sold in granules, its price varies within 25 thousand rubles per ton. In order for the products to be colored, you should buy color additives. Another material for the production of disposable tableware is also needed - polyethylene film. If you compare store shelves with plastic and paper utensils, you can see that the cost of the latter is quite high, so the demand for it is somewhat lower than for its plastic counterparts, which is why the business of manufacturing products from thermoplastics will become the most profitable.

Difficulties in recruiting workers

The search for personnel can be carried out through advertisements on the Internet and newspapers, however, it is rather difficult to find responsible employees in this way. There are no special courses for training in the management of the production of disposable tableware. However, almost all equipment suppliers offer entrepreneurs training for their staff on favorable conditions. They need to sign an agreement with them. after-sales service technology.

Selection of equipment for production

The initial question that a businessman asks is what kind of equipment to buy for the production of disposable tableware. The highest quality lines are those made in Germany and the USA, but their price is high, so they can be replaced with analogues from Korea. However, they have lower production capacity. For production, you will also need an injection molding machine. To obtain blank sheets from granular raw materials, you need to purchase an extruder. You will also need molding machines for the production of disposable tableware and a compressor.

The production cycle can be complete or incomplete. The first involves melting the pellets and making the film. The second excludes the preparatory stage of its production, since it is purchased as a raw material, in the form of rolls. Therefore, the following set of equipment is required:

automatic machine designed for stacking and packaging products;
granulator;
extruder.

Subsequent equipment is purchased in accordance with the selected type of dishes. You will need the following products:

automatic machine for bending the upper edge;
packing machine;
image printers, etc.

For the manufacture of thick cutlery, pouring molds are needed. A diverse assortment guarantees greater business success, so you should purchase lines that integrate with a large number of thermoforming machines. Such a complex of equipment will make it possible to manufacture products of various types.

Approximate cost of equipment

The price of equipment is high, for example, only an injection molding machine costs about 1 million rubles. Entrepreneurs estimate the price of entering the disposable tableware market at least 20 million rubles. This is due to the fact that it will not be possible to limit oneself to one automatic machine if it is planned not only to win back its part of the market, but also to develop further. Most of the costs are the purchase of an extruder that produces sheets from granulate.

Also can be sold disposable tableware with custom logo. This type of business is especially relevant at present for various celebrations, presentations and events. Glasses are great advertising medium. The corporate logo on the dishes helps to maintain the corporate style and promotes goods or services on the market.

Stages of production technology

Depending on what products are planned to be produced, two technologies are distinguished: molding and casting. The latter method produces dishes with thick walls. The casting process takes a long time, Money. It should be noted that the weight of an ordinary cup with a volume of 200 ml is 3 g, made by injection molding - up to 10 g.

There is a more cost-effective technology for the production of disposable tableware, molding, with the release of up to 30 million cups per month, which consists of the following steps:

Purchased early raw materials are sent to the extruder.
In the extruder, the granules are melted, and the resulting mass is mixed. Having formed the desired consistency, the viscous liquid passes through the press, resulting in a plastic sheet, the thickness of which is approximately 2 mm. On the this stage a uniform thickness of future dishes is formed.
The film is heated in a 3-meter oven.
The resulting mass enters the thermoforming machine, where the shape of the products is formed.
Glasses, plates and other products are fed into the trimmer, where they are cut from the common web using a punching press.
Film scraps are recycled, so production is waste-free.
The trimmer distributes the product into a special apparatus, which stacks it and sends it to the conveyor belt.
The belt transports the dishes for packaging or for subsequent transformation.

Thus, the disposable tableware business is profitable and cost-effective, but requires large financial investments.

Production of disposable tableware: market analysis + how to register a company + technological features of the production of disposable tableware + raw materials for polystyrene dishes + where to rent premises + search for personnel + what profit will the production of disposable tableware bring.

In the 20th century, they could not even imagine that an alternative to heavy ceramic and clay cups and plates would appear. The production of disposable tableware has become a breakthrough and a world discovery.

Plates and glasses made of plastic or paper are light, they can be taken with you on the road, used on trips to nature. The price of such a product is low, so disposable tableware is thrown away after a feast without a single regret.

There is a demand for the product all year round, especially in the summer, when people go out for picnics, because this can be a great business venture for Russian entrepreneurs.

We analyze the sales market

In the 20th century, plastic utensils were imported only from abroad, so the price of such a product was too high, there was little demand. In the 21st century, a ban was imposed on the import of polystyrene products to Russia. This was taken advantage of by many businessmen who began to open their own production of disposable tableware.

Every year, the demand from the population has only increased, and this trend - growing popularity - continues to persist.

We can conclude that a novice entrepreneur has every chance to find his niche in the production of disposable tableware.

Who is a wholesaler of disposable tableware:

Public catering points.
Street stalls selling fast food, hot drinks.
Cafes and bars in the open air.
Organizations that are engaged in catering (food delivery and organization of lunches).
Points for the sale of drinks from vending machines.

They buy disposable tableware and supermarkets, which then sell glasses, plates, and appliances at retail.

Today, people have learned to use polystyrene dishes not only for their intended purpose, but also to create unique products with their own hands. This allows you to reduce the harmful impact on the environment, because the products get a second life.

As you can see, opening your own production of plastic tableware is a profitable undertaking, especially if no one in your region is doing this yet. You will be able to cover the entire region and even neighboring areas, offering them favorable prices for goods.

How to register a business for the production of disposable tableware?

What to choose - LLC or IP? Much depends on the volume of goods you plan to enter the market with.

If the enterprise aims to fill the market of one city, then it is enough. This is easy to do by collecting a minimum package of documents.

Documents for registration of IP:

Application in the form No. P21001 (you can download an example from the link - https://www.nalog.ru/cdn/form/4162994.zip)
At the appointment with the tax inspector, you need to have your passport and TIN code with you.
Pay the state duty (800 rubles) You can do it online through a special service: https://service.nalog.ru/gp2.do
Submit an application for payment of taxes under the simplified tax system or another form of taxation at your discretion.

Do not forget to indicate in the application the activity code 25.24.2 "Production of plastic tableware and kitchen utensils, toiletries."

It is not necessary to issue a license for the organization of production. Nevertheless, checks from the Fire Inspectorate, SES, Rospotrebnadzor are waiting for you, from which you must receive a certificate of product quality and compliance with GOSTs. It is forbidden to start production without permission from the supervisory authorities.

The production must have such documents that confirm the quality of the products:

Settlements with clients are carried out, in our time, most often by bank transfer, so you should open a bank account and order a seal in your name.

Production technology of disposable tableware

Thanks to modern equipment, the production process itself is reduced to minimal human effort. Most of the work is done by conveyors and presses.

Let's describe the technology for the production of disposable tableware in stages:

Raw materials are brought to production in granules of polystyrene or other substances intended for the production of plastic disposable tableware. It enters a flat-slit extruder, where the process of mixing polystyrene granules with water under the influence of heat takes place to obtain a special melt.
The finished mixture is squeezed out through a flat slot. Shafts make sheets of a few millimeters thick from the mass.
The sheet must enter the forming vacuum machine. It is at this stage that the material takes the form of dishes - a glass, a plate, a fork, a spoon.
Further, special equipment counts the number of dishes, and then packs.

Each equipment and the material itself for dishes has its own specific requirements for production temperature, shaft power, etc. Such details should be taken into account by the technologist in order to receive as few defective products as possible.

We will also describe in addition the technology for the production of paper dishes.

Let's make a reservation right away that paper disposable cups or plates are environmentally friendly, and besides, they are not so harmful to people's health. Unfortunately, they are much more expensive to produce than plastic cookware.

This causes the high cost of the final product, and, as a rule, our people are used to choosing cheaper goods. That is why disposable glasses and plates are not as popular as.

Production technology of disposable paper tableware:

A pattern is applied to a special laminated paper (material density 120-128 g / m2), and then divided into small sheets. Their size should approximately correspond to the circumference and height of the future dishes.
The finished sheet is wrapped around a given shape, and the seam is welded with a special machine.
The half-finished item is removed from the mold. If this is a glass, the bottom is inserted into it and sealed in the same way.

Although the technology for the production of paper tableware is much simpler than plastic items, the material is expensive. As a rule, paper is imported from abroad, although in recent times domestic manufacturers are also trying to provide raw materials for the production of paper disposable tableware.

Purchase of raw materials for the manufacture of disposable tableware

Granular polystyrene is the basis for the production of plastic tableware. Outwardly, it looks like small white balls. Such material is used in the full cycle of tableware production, including the pellet melting stage.

The price of granulated polystyrene, on average, is 50,000 rubles per ton.

There is also a ready-made film made of polystyrene or polypropylene. All that is needed to make dishes from it is to shape the final product.

The price of half-finished raw materials, of course, will be higher than for just polystyrene granules. But, using the film, you can save on the purchase of equipment, purchasing only a form for dishes and a packaging machine.

The price of a polystyrene film is about 120,000 rubles per ton.

Necessary equipment for the production of disposable tableware

The production of disposable tableware is divided into two cycles - full(when buying polystyrene in granules) and incomplete(when buying a finished film for forming dishes).

We invite you to consider how much equipment for the production of disposable tableware costs with a full cycle.

The line for the production of disposable tableware consists of the following equipment:

Mixer for mixing granules.
Sheet extruder.
Forming machine.
Forming press.
Dishes stacker.
Machine for counting dishes.
Chiller.
Compressor.
Crusher for processing sheet or scrap, i.e. for a waste-free production process.

The price of this set varies from 6-8 million rubles. You can buy it in Russia or order it from foreign partners. To save money, you can buy a used line, but in this case you will not have a guarantee for equipment maintenance.

If you want to produce glasses and plates in a part-time fashion, all you need is a molding line and a dish packing machine. In this case, the purchase of equipment will cost 1-2 million rubles.

At the same time, in 1 hour of operation, the machine will be able to produce up to 150,000 glasses, but, unfortunately, the strength of such dishes will not be at the highest level. But for 1 hour of work, the completed equipment can produce 30 thousand glasses and approximately the same number of plates, spoons, forks.

Do not forget to give comfort to production - purchase furniture for staff, equip an office for a technologist and an accountant. All working personnel must be in uniform, have respirators, goggles, so that harmful substances do not spoil their health.

This item of expenditure will be about another 150,000 rubles, but you should not save on the comfort of subordinates.

Finding a suitable workshop

It is best to locate a workshop for the production of plastic utensils outside the city. Firstly, because the rent or the price of buying a building there will be much lower than in the urban area. Secondly, the production of plastic utensils is a hazardous industry, residents of nearby houses can file a complaint and complicate your work, or even prevent you from opening a workshop at all.

The working area should be approximately 100-150 m2. When choosing a room, a lot depends on the volume of products, so consider this fact before starting to search for the right workshop.

The production room should consist of the following rooms:

Workshop with equipment.
Stock finished products.
Warehouse for raw materials.
Room for staff.
Toilet.
Office for administrative staff.

Equipment in production consumes a lot of electricity, so make sure that the electrical network is three-phase
and not less than 380 V.

In addition, the workshop must meet the following standards:

The floor is concrete or tiled.
1.5 meters of walls from floor level must be tiled or covered with other material that is considered fireproof.
Due to the massive equipment, the ceilings must be at least 4.5 meters high.
Be sure to install powerful ventilation, supply water and adjust the gas supply to heat the room.

For rent, you will have to pay about 80,000 rubles a month. The price is average, much depends on the repair, region, remoteness from the city, availability of communications, etc. during its formation.

Also, you will pay about 50,000 rubles for utility costs - electricity, gas, water, garbage disposal.

Personnel for the production of disposable tableware

During the first months of the company's activity, the director of production can assume responsibility for the sale of products and bookkeeping. So you save on wages two jobs at once. If the founder will not cope with all the responsibilities, then it is worth hiring an assistant or a specialist in.

As for line workers, they will have to be taught on their own, because there is no such specialty. Equipment suppliers can provide you with training. Therefore, it is best to hire people in advance so that by the time the line is installed, they are already on staff and everyone can listen to how to use the equipment.

You can not do without a technologist in production. He must control the entire production process, purchase raw materials, monitor the supply of materials to the compress, etc. In addition, hire those who will deal with accounting for the warehouse of goods and raw materials.

№.	staff member	Number of staff	Salary (rubles/month)
TOTAL:			173 000 rubles/month
1.	Technologist	1	25 000
2.	Accountant	1	15 000
3.	Accountant	2	24 000
4.	line operator	6	60 000
5.	Loader	1	9 000
6.	Driver	1	9 000
7.	Cleaning woman	1	6 000
8.	Equipment adjuster	1	25 000

Depending on the scale of production, the number of employees may vary.

Production of disposable tableware.

What equipment is used? Technology
production process.

Calculation of the profitability of the production of disposable tableware

We invite you to pay attention to the full cycle of production of tableware from granulated polystyrene. It will not be easy to create such a business from a financial point of view, because you will have to make a lot of capital investments. But the profitability of this business will be an order of magnitude higher.

Capital investments		Monthly expenses
TOTAL: 7,460,000 rubles		TOTAL: 8 229 080 rubles
Purchase of equipment	7 000 000	Premises for rent	80 000
Workshop arrangement	150 000	Staff salary	173 000
Opening of IP and preparation of documentation	From 10 000	Purchase of raw materials (granular polystyrene)	5 000 000
Buying a gazelle for transporting goods	300 000	Utilities	50 000
Buying a gazelle for transporting goods	300 000	Paying taxes	2 926 080

And now let's calculate how many products the production will be able to produce for 1 month of work (24 shifts) with an 8-hour work schedule:

Calculation of the cost of disposable tableware:

To produce 1 million pieces. items of utensils (glasses, spoons, plates, forks are taken into account) from polystyrene, approximately 4 tons of granular material will be needed. As a rule, half of the launched raw materials is defective, it is eventually needed again by secondary products, so it is worth buying 8 tons of polystyrene for 1 million products.
To ensure the operation of production for 1 month, it is necessary to purchase approximately 200 tons of polystyrene. About 10 million rubles will be spent on the purchase of raw materials.
The price of a glass (200 ml) and a flat plate is about 1.2 rubles. The price of a spoon and a fork is about 50 kopecks.
At full implementation goods production revenue will be 19,507,200 rubles.
Net profit will amount to 1.2 million rubles.
To cover all the costs of purchasing equipment, you need to work 9-12 months. Only then can we talk about getting a net profit.

All calculations are approximate, because the factor that the products will not be completely sold on the market was not taken into account. Nevertheless, if you properly organize the production of disposable tableware, then success will come, and with it prosperity.

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Russian factories of disposable tableware

— catalog for 2020. The goods were provided by 50 enterprises. Disposable tableware factories:

"Plastic DV".
"Atlas".
"Artplast".
"Bulgari Green", etc.

Manufacturers have mastered the production of plastic and paper products. Products from plastic occupied 80% of the market, from paper 20%. The companies offered an assortment: cups, containers, plates. The production also produces glasses for vending machines with drinks. The production equipment has been upgraded. Companies have mastered sales through online stores.

Manufacturing organizations have launched the production of recycled plastic products. Food manufacturers and food companies are using disposable utensils everywhere. The business has introduced new packaging methods, used safe raw materials and materials. Prices for Russian products are up to 70% more profitable than imported ones.

Transport organizations will help with delivery in Moscow and the Moscow region, to federal regions and abroad. Enterprises have entered addresses and phone numbers in the "Contacts" tab on the exhibition website. Russian manufacturer looking for suppliers, wholesale buyers. An employee of the company will inform you how to buy goods in bulk, download the price list, and conclude a dealer agreement. The list is being updated.

Your company may be registered as IP or LLC, for a small plant it is enough to open an IP.

Suitable code OKVED - 22.29— Manufacture of other plastic products.

note on regulatory requirements for manufactured goods: in particular, on GOST R 50962-96, which regulates the production of plastic products for household purposes.

room

The mini disposable tableware factory takes about 100 square meters. Of these, 70 sq. m - industrial workshop, 15 sq. m - a warehouse, the remaining 15 - utility rooms and a bathroom.

Mandatory requirements for the premises

Ceiling height from 3-4 meters;
The floor is tiled or concrete;
Three-phase electrical network;
Ventilation, sewerage, water supply;
Wall decoration with fire-resistant materials.

Renting a building will require approximately 300-400 $ per month, cosmetic repairs - about $ 2,000.

Production technology of disposable tableware

There are two main ways: casting and molding. Casting is necessary to obtain thick-walled containers: thick plates, wine glasses, piles, glasses, etc.

For the usual one, the molding method is suitable, the equipment for it is cheaper, and the cost of production is lower.

The production of disposable plastic tableware includes the following steps:

The raw material is fed into the extruder, where, under the action of high temperature melts and mixes. Standard color is white. If colored containers are made, then colored polystyrene granules are added at this stage;
The resulting mixture is passed through a screw press, turning into a plastic sheet 1-2 mm thick. Important condition– uniform thickness of the product. It is achieved by careful tuning of the shafts, which turn the mass into a solid canvas (you need to monitor the temperature of the mass and the beat frequency of the shafts). When working with polystyrene, it is easier to achieve a uniform thickness than with polypropylene. Therefore, the productivity on polypropylene drops by 20%, and the consumption of raw materials also increases;
The finished and heated sheet in the oven is sent to a thermoforming machine (aka vacuum forming). At this stage, blanks are made: the canvas passes through certain molds (depending on the type of finished product - a plate, a cup, a fork, etc.). With the help of a press, blanks of the desired shape are squeezed out of the film;
In the trimmer, the punch press cuts out extruded blanks from a common web. With help special devices(depending on the type of product) the final processing of the product takes place: for example, bending the upper edge of the cups;
Finished product packaging.

Remaining plastic film after punching finished products can be used in the next working cycle. This is a truly waste-free process.

Equipment for the production of disposable tableware

Plastic containers are made from granules that must first be melted (full production cycle) or from finished film, which is already bought in rolls (partial cycle).

Consider a set of machines for organizing a full cycle:

Extruder for making plastic sheet from granulate;
Granulator and crusher;
Thermoforming apparatus (punching presses);
Press forms;
Packing machine.

On average, a line for the production of disposable tableware costs 5-20 thousand dollars.

The most expensive are European machines, so many entrepreneurs stop at options for Chinese, Taiwanese, and domestic brands.

Best Lines

Longkou Deyi Machinery Co.,Ltd . (China). With the release of 500 cups/hour or 350 plates/hour, the price will be about $ 5,000 without molds (about $ 2,000 more);
Arc Automation(Israel): from 1000 units/hour, cost - from $10,000;
Japan Steel Works(Japan): from 2500 units/hour, price - from $17-18,000;
Capuletti(Europe): from 2000 units/hour, cost - about 15-20 thousand dollars for a full cycle line;
« Rostechno» (Russia): 1000-6000 units/hour at a price of 10-24 thousand dollars.

Good way to save and get good equipment - find used machines of European brands.

For example, a line from Dalaker (Germany) with a set of molds and a capacity of around 2 million units of dishes per month is offered on the secondary market for 15-17 thousand dollars.

In the calculations, we will focus on the option with equipment of average productivity in the price range of 10-11 thousand dollars. You will produce approximately 500,000 cups, 250,000 plates and 600,000 forks and spoons per month.

Raw materials for the production of disposable tableware

The best option– use of polypropylene or polystyrene in granules. In this case, a ton of consumables costs about $300, while a ton of plastic film costs about $700.

You can buy raw materials in Russian companies: TIS, Germatrti (including colored granules), RosEcoPlast, EuroPlast, Vista, Plast Plus.

To produce 1.3 million units of goods per month, 7-8 tons of polystyrene granulate ($2,200) will be needed.

Staff

To work in two shifts you need to hire a manager, a technologist, four workers, a cleaner, two loaders. Accounting is outsourced. Monthly salary fund - $ 4,000. Employees are required to have health certificates.

Costs and profits

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Can the production of disposable tableware be an idea for profitable business? The demand for such products is quite high. For example, disposable paper cups for takeaway coffee have been very popular lately - they are in any coffee shop. Sets of plastic forks and plates are regularly required by people celebrating corporate parties in the office or going on picnics. How much does it cost to organize a disposable tableware enterprise and what equipment is required for this?

In some European countries, the authorities are trying to limit the use and production of disposable tableware - it is considered harmful to the environment. Indeed, plastic does not decompose, but for the manufacture disposable cups quality wood is used. But this trend has not yet reached Russia and is unlikely to reach in the near future. Disposable coffee cups and plastic containers seem to have become an integral part of urban life.

For this reason, the production of plastic tableware and paper cups is a profitable business idea. Disposable tableware is as much in demand as handkerchiefs or wet wipes. It is hygienic, easy to use, does not require washing and other care.

At the same time, competition in the field is quite high. A novice manufacturer will have to not only establish a technological process, but also think about a marketing campaign. From the outset, it is important to determine competitive advantages: unusual shape, beautiful colors, printing of corporate logos of establishments on glasses (very popular among coffee houses).

Disposable tableware is as much in demand as handkerchiefs or wet wipes.

Features of the production of plastic and paper utensils

Sets of plastic plates and forks can be found in every supermarket. They are made from polystyrene or polypropylene. The first material is more fragile, but it is resistant to moisture, temperature and is well processed by mechanical means. Polypropylene is stronger and cheaper than polystyrene.

In the production of dishes from these materials, the same equipment is used. The technological process is similar: raw material melting, sheet preparation, stamping and packaging. We will consider manufacturing technologies in more detail in a special section.

For the manufacture of paper dishes, laminated cardboard with a density of 120-280 grams per 1 m2 is most often used. This material is not affected by moisture due to lamination, and also allows you to print company logos on finished products in good quality.Cardboard is less harmful to environment A: Even laminated material decomposes within 3 years. On average, for the production of 100 thousand units of goods, about 1 ton of raw materials is consumed.

It is important to note that disposable plastic tableware is subject to mandatory certification. Plastic products must contain a mark on the class of the material from which they are made. So, the most dangerous and suitable only for a single use without heating, polyethylene terephthalate is suitable for storing vegetable oils and ketchups, and polystyrene is suitable for storing and heat treating any food.

The paper coffee cup has become an indispensable attribute of urban life.

How to organize production

The choice of equipment is of key importance for organizing the production of plastic cups and other disposable tableware. Modern production complexes are almost completely automated and do not require much human intervention. It is worth starting the organization of your business by drawing up a business plan, calculating costs and, of course, studying production technology.

The advantage of the business can be called almost complete automation production processes coupled with stable and high demand. Among the minuses, high competition is in the lead (in the production of plastic tableware, it is much higher than in the production of paper cups).

Technology

What is disposable plastic and cardboard cups? Plastic production includes the following steps:

Heating of raw materials, melting and mixing in the extruder.
The finished raw material is pressed to the state of a plastic sheet.
The plastic sheet is placed in a thermoforming machine, where products (plates, glasses, cutlery) are formed from it.
Products are cut out of canvas and packaged.
The rest of the plastic is returned for remelting.

In this way, a fairly simple, almost fully automated and waste-free production is obtained. Paper cups made of cardboard are produced a little differently:

Laminated cardboard sheets are printed with a logo or pattern.
The resulting sheets are cut to the size of future glasses.
The blanks are wrapped around a round blank, the seam is fastened, the edges are formed, the bottom is inserted.
Finished glasses are packed.

Thus, the manufacture of cardboard dishes is much easier in terms of technological process, but more expensive - requires more expensive raw materials. Plastic lids are required for coffee paper cups, so it would be promising to organize the production of tableware from both types of raw materials at the enterprise.

Colored plastic utensils are more in demand than white ones.

Premises selection

Equipment for disposable tableware takes up quite a lot of space. To organize comfortable working conditions for employees, a workshop with an area of at least 300 square meters, connected to all communications, will be required. It is divided into the following zones:

work area with equipment;
warehouse for storage of raw materials;
warehouse for finished products;
locker rooms and a lounge for employees;
office space for management staff.

Production is conveniently located in a remote part of the city, but it is important to take into account the availability of convenient access roads. If an entrepreneur plans to produce only one type of tableware (only plastic or only paper), a smaller area can be dispensed with. It is important that the workshop is well lit and equipped with a ventilation system. This will make working conditions more comfortable.

Equipment selection

To organize the production cycle for the manufacture of plastic utensils, the following equipment will be required:

extruder. This apparatus melts plastic and forms a canvas out of it, from which disposable tableware is later molded and cut.
thermoforming machine. It heats the plastic sheet and makes recesses in it according to the shape of future products. The process takes only a few seconds.
Compressor. Extrudes products from the fabric after the thermoforming machine.
Packing machine. Packs ready-made dishes in batches. Sometimes this stage is done by hand, but this is much less efficient.
Crusher for plastic. Processes the remnants of the plastic web: melts them and forms a new web for products.

The cost of equipment for the production of plastic dishes is approaching 1 million rubles

For the production of cups from laminated cardboard, other equipment is required:

Machine for flexo printing. Prints drawings and logos on sheets of cardboard.
Glass molding machine. Cuts cardboard into blanks of different sizes for the future product.
Spinning machine. Wraps the workpiece around the round roller, stitches and inserts the bottom.
Special apparatus for the production of plastic caps.

For the purchase of equipment that produces plastic dishes, it will take from 600 thousand to 1 million rubles. If we add machines for paper cups to this, we get an additional 500-800 thousand rubles. Prices for devices depend on the manufacturer and capacity. You can save some money by finding used machines. But in general, it will not work to pick up the cost cheaper and significantly cut spending.

Purchase of raw materials

Plastic tableware is made from polypropylene or polystyrene in granules. Buying granules and melting them yourself is much more profitable than buying a finished film. With this option, the production is waste-free (the remnants of the plastic sheet can be melted down and reused). One ton of granules costs 18-20 thousand rubles, and a ton of finished film costs about 45 thousand. The difference and benefit is clear. You can buy ordinary white granules or colored ones (colored dishes sell better).

Raw material offer Russian companies"Plast-plus", "RosEcoPlast", "TIS", "EuroPlast".

For the manufacture of paper cups, laminated cardboard is used, which is purchased in large rolls. An average roll weighing 1 ton is enough for 100,000 cups. The cost of laminated cardboard is approximately 30-40 thousand rubles per ton.

Required personnel

Modern production of disposable tableware is highly automated. Therefore, there is no need to look for workers with any special education. Any person can master the work of machines within a few days. Among personal qualities, one can single out ability to work, attentiveness and quickness.

The staff of the enterprise must include at least 8 workers, among whom areas of responsibility and equipment are distributed. Modern technology quite safe, but in any case, safety briefings and brief training are mandatory.

Sales of products

Manufacturers of disposable tableware have several options for distribution channels. The simplest of them is cooperation with shops and supermarkets. Through them, you can constantly sell large quantities of goods. Sets of plates and forks, as well as glasses are in the greatest demand. A promising variety can be called the production of disposable glasses - they are popular in corporate events and buffets.

Paper cups are made from thick laminated cardboard.

Paper Cup Customers - these are cafes and coffee houses selling coffee to go. They can buy both finished products and order glasses with own logos. When looking for first customers, it would be wise to contact commercial offer to establishments in your city.

Your own website can be a very good tool for increasing sales and finding customers. It would be helpful to set up contextual advertising: then ads for the production of tableware will be seen by users looking for similar products.

Calculation of the profitability of the enterprise

The purchase of equipment will require an average of 1.5 million rubles. To this amount you need to add the rent of the premises, payment utilities and the purchase of raw materials - approximately another 300-500 thousand rubles. Suppose that the entrepreneur spent 2 million rubles on the opening of production.

For an 8-hour shift, modern equipment can produce approximately 18 thousand units of products. They will be sold at an average price of 1 to 3 rubles, with a cost of 10 kopecks to 1.5 rubles (for paper cups, the amounts may be higher, especially if they are made with a company seal). For a shift, the enterprise produces products worth up to 54 thousand rubles, for a month - up to 1.6 million rubles.

With such volumes of production and well-established sales, it is possible to recoup investments and expand production in just 3-4 months. However, most likely the volumes of profitability will be lower: in most cities there are already disposable tableware enterprises, the products of which completely cover the local market.

Conclusion

The production of disposable tableware is an idea for a profitable and sought-after business. Having spent no more than 2 million rubles on the purchase of equipment, the entrepreneur has every chance of recouping them in 3-4 months. Equipment for the manufacture of plastic dishes and paper cups is sold separately or in ready-made lines. Both options are profitable, but first of all, when buying, you need to pay attention to the characteristics of the machines, the reputation of the manufacturer and its warranty.