ADSL refers to an asymmetric method of accessing the global information network Internet. This is the so-called asymmetric system, which allows you to work with connections at speeds up to eight Mbps. So, ADSL, through which the data transfer rate is calculated up to one Mbit per second, operates at a distance of more than five kilometers.

So let's look at what kind of connection it is and how it actually works.
So, before touching on the very concept of ADSL, let's plunge into history a little. It is today that high-speed connections are not surprising, but are perceived as something ordinary and supposed to be a privileged property of modernity. But in order for the end user to be able to use this resource, the developers had to work hard and create the perfect version.

For the first time, the idea of ​​creating high-speed connections, as such, appeared precisely in the eighties, when no one even thought about the Internet. A high-speed connection was required to improve and speed up data transmission over copper wires in telephony.

After some time, the people were faced with an acquaintance with computer technology, Internet concept. This is where the development of a resource was required for the rapid transfer of information electronic units between various interactive services, video game products, as well as for access to other network local systems.

Modern ADSL technology is a network that is based on a digital subscriber line, through which a connection to an Internet resource is made through telephone channels. Since these telephone lines use an analog signal in their work to be able to transmit voice messages, ADSL transforms it into a digital format and transfers it directly to a computer.

If the previously used Dial-up modems blocked the telephone line, then it is timely ADSL that allows you to simultaneously use both an analog signal and a digital signal at the same time.

So, the whole point of the new generation ADSL is that the user computer technology has the ability to download a very large amount of information and save it on a hard disk, or simply view it, and transmit a minimum of information from itself in the form of requests. In other words, maximum traffic - minimum downstream traffic - this is the principle of modern ADSL technology.

Naturally, incoming traffic is video files, media products, software applications, and graphic elements. Only technically credited to downstream traffic important information at the level of commands and various requests, e-mails and some other secondary components of working with the Internet.

So, the asymmetry in question implies the connection speed of the subscriber is much higher than the speed of traffic from the user himself. The asymmetric high-speed connection system is by far the most budgetary and economical. In operation, this system uses the same copper telephone wires. The only thing that has changed compared to the first samples is the number of twisted pairs in them, this fact did not require any actions in the direction of upgrading the switches and measures for their reconstruction.

Modern ADLS-ka connects very quickly, it is perceived by all types of modern modems. But still, for the optimal connection of this system, special types of modem devices are used. This list includes modems connected via USB ports, devices similar to the Ethernet interface, as well as routers and routers with the Ethernet scheme itself, profile modems and Wi-Fi routers are also suitable.

Often additional elements are also used in the form of splitters and microfilters, they are selected for the type of telephone cable. Splitters are used when a cable outlet is made in order to separate the modem channel and the phone itself. In other cases, microfilters are suitable for installation; one such element is installed on each telephone in the room.

The use of splitters allows you to prevent interference in the operation of the phone and modem, which seem to work in the same bundle, but one device receives voice calls, the other makes it possible to connect to the Internet.

Splitter devices are compact and do not interfere with their presence at all. This is a miniature box with three light weight connectors.
ADLS technology in modern times is recommended to be used by every second Internet provider. Naturally, the types and tariffs of connection to the global information network are classified depending on the regional predisposition of PC users. Yes, coverage is important.

When building a network, it is inappropriate to buy everything today - a modem, a router, a router, and splitters. The network provider offers to rent all the necessary equipment today, this list also includes an ADSL modem. If the contract for the services provided is terminated, then all equipment is returned to the provider intact and safe.

This is the cheapest way to use the Internet as such. The user pays only for the connection itself, without incurring the cost of purchasing all the necessary equipment for connection.

So, we are convinced that ADLS is nothing but the fastest, highest quality and cheapest method of connecting to the Internet. Each user using this type of connection must have his own account, which is assigned to him by the provider himself. It is activated within twelve days after registration. If the region has normal uninterrupted coverage, then this procedure does not exceed two hours.
Before using DDLS technology, the provider must check the phone for the presence of already used elements of the same DDLS. If the coverage is not effective, then it is unlikely that you will ever need to use a high-speed network connection at all.

To use this very ADLS connection, you must first connect and configure all the elements correctly. So, a modem, splitters, microfilters are connected to the phone, drivers are installed on a computer storage medium, the network parameters of the modem are set in the browser used to use browsing sites located in the Internet environment.

Now let's touch on the advantages of modern high-speed technology for connecting to the global information network, which makes using the Internet many times effective and elementary simple.

So, the most important advantages of ADLS-ki include high speed transmission of informational electronic data. In order to send or receive the necessary file, you do not need to wait a long time for the connection, it happens instantly.

This type of technology is constantly evolving and more and more connection speeds are offered to the consumer.
The second advantage of modern ADLS-ki is the fact that the phone works as a phone, and the modem as a modem, the work of these devices is not interrupted by each other. The use of ADLS-ki does not require installation of overall equipment, cable laying to the subscriber. Interference on the telephone line is absent in principle.

ADLS is a reliable stable system that does not fail, which does not require reconnection, the user with such a connection can sit in the Internet space around the clock. This is the most effective method Internet connection, which has no alternatives.
The minimum prices for connecting ADLS-ki, installing a modem with a router spare the family budget. Despite these advantages, this technology still has its modern disadvantages.

None of the users of such a connection is protected from cross connections to the network and other Internet users. If tens and hundreds of subscribers are connected to such a network, about high speed and you don't have to speak. Naturally, the more consumers eat, the lower.
The disadvantages can also be attributed to the low speed of file transfer. Receiving and quickly viewing information is good, but sending is not very convenient. So keep in mind, if you want to use the high-speed connection model, that it is not aimed at sending data, but at constantly receiving it in large volume.

The speed of such a perfect system as ADLS depends in most cases not on its perfection, but on many side factors. And this is the main prerequisite for the network to be laid by a specialist who will evaluate the effectiveness of the coverage, correctly connect all the elements and achieve a high-quality result.

The quality of communication is affected by the condition of the subscriber line. That is, we are talking about the presence of cable outlets, their serviceability, wire diameter and length, which can reach several kilometers. If the signal goes astray, this indicates that the subscriber line is too long, this defect can be eliminated with a large wire diameter.

A well-functioning ADLS-ka has a length of five kilometers. This is the fastest system, as mentioned above. It allows you to transfer data at a speed of 2048 Mbps.

If the length of the wire does not go off scale, then the user is practically not limited in anything - neither in speed, nor in the number of other connected subscribers, as well as mobile phones, tablets and other modern gadgets.

Specialists-developers say that ADLS has not yet fully exhausted its resource and is long-term plans its development in the future.
Here we figured out what is modern technology Internet connections - ADLS, what are its advantages and disadvantages, why many today focus on this type of networking.

If you decide to connect your computer device to the network, do not look for a better way, it does not exist today. A lot of personal computer users are convinced of this. This method is used not only by individuals, but also large companies who have to work with a large amount of information on a daily basis.

Trust the suggestions of specialists, try this method in practice, and you will see that today this is the limit of perfection in terms of achieving connection speed and connecting subscribers to the virtual space.

We hope that the information presented in this article was clear to you, and you have drawn the right conclusions for yourself. In modern times, you need to use the most advanced high-quality communication systems, one of which, just the same, is the above-considered ADLS technology.

ADSL2 and ADSL2+ Technologies and Standards

ADSL2 and ADSL2+ technologies enabling true solutions. New video applications such as IPTV and VoD require high data rates (over 10 Mbps) towards the user, and ADSL2+ technology can provide them. Transmission speeds over ADSL2+ reach 24 Mbps.

Advantages

ADSL2+ technology also has a number of new features and benefits over older ADSL. Key features such as range and speed extension, line diagnostics, transmission power control, fast connection establishment and improved interoperability are already integrated on the new BAN, mBAN and ipBAN node subscriber cards from the outset. ADSL2+ technology is also well suited to replace VDSL in home subscriber environments with more demanding access requirements. With ADSL2+, video service providers will be able to offer users even 3 simultaneous video programs on a single broadband port.

Key Features and Benefits

Improved transmission speed and distance parameters

ADSL2 and ADSL2+ use advanced modulation to reduce framing overhead, increase coding gain, and provide improved initialization mechanisms and signal processing algorithms. ADSL2 allows you to increase the data transfer rate in the direction to the user to more than 12 Mbps, compared to about 8 Mbps in the case of ADSL. ADSL2 allows you to increase the length of the loop by about 200 m, or increase the data rate by about 50 kbps at the same distance for long distance subscriber lines.

The ADSL2+ standard doubles the maximum frequency used for data transmission towards the user - 2.2 MHz instead of 1.1 MHz. This allows the maximum downstream transmission rate to be increased to 25 Mbps on telephone lines up to 1500 m in length.

Diagnostics and automatic adjustment

Real-time monitoring functions provide real-time information about line quality and noise at both ends of the line. Service providers can use this data to monitor the quality of an ADSL connection and prevent service degradations. In addition, providers can use this data to determine if a particular user can be provided with higher bit rate services. SELT (line test without remote end connection) and DELT (line test with remote end connection) provide the ability to determine the length of the line, presence of shorted and open circuits, wire size and expected capacity before operation. In case of changing conditions in the channel, it is used new opportunity, which is called seamless rate adaptation (SRA). This feature allows the ADSL2 system to change the data rate of the connection without service interruption or bit error.

Advanced power management options

With two power management modes, you can reduce power consumption while maintaining the always-on ADSL connection for users. The L2 power mode is for a low bit rate mode that does not require full bandwidth, and the L3 power mode is for a standby or "sleep" mode. This feature allows you to reduce energy consumption by more than 50% for each line.

Quick Start

Quick start mode reduces initialization time from approximately 10 seconds to less than 3 seconds.

Full digital mode

This additional option allocates the "telephone" frequency band for data transmission. In this case, the upstream data rate (user to network) increases by 256 kbps, which may be an attractive solution for enterprises that have voice services on different telephone lines and for which the possibility of increasing the upstream data rate is special interest. This capability may also be of interest to service providers who may lease subscriber lines from telecommunications companies on a subscriber line sharing (LLU) basis.

Improved hardware interoperability

New modem initialization procedures address hardware compatibility issues and provide better performance when connecting ADSL transceivers from different chip vendors.

Other functions and features

channeling

The channelization capabilities of ADSL2 provide support for the technology for transporting thus formed voice channels over DSL lines (CVoDSL), a method for transparently transporting TDM voice traffic over DSL lines. CVoDSL carries voice traffic at the physical layer, allowing analog phone "lines" to be placed on a DSL channel and carried in parallel with data traffic, supporting both the analog telephone network (POTS) and high-speed Internet access.

Combining Multiple Lines for Higher Transfer Rates

The new standards support Inverse Multiplexing for ATM (IMA), developed by the ATM Forum for networks with traditional ATM architecture. Thanks to IMA, ADSL2 integrated circuits can combine multiple copper pairs into a single ADSL link. As a result, data transfer rates over existing copper lines are comparable to fiber optic lines.

Support for packet network services

Packet network services (such as Ethernet) can be carried over ADSL2 as an addition to ATM.

ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line), less often - an asymmetric digital subscriber line - a technology that provides access to the Internet with asymmetric bandwidth distribution and data transmission priority. Initially, the technology was created to provide access to interactive television, but was not widely used.

The widespread use of the ADSL standard occurred in the middle and late 90s of the last century, when providers looking for an opportunity to reduce the cost of building networks discovered the potential of ADSL modems as subscriber Internet access points. Compared to all other technologies that provided access to the network at that time, the cost of a modem connection was the lowest, and the potential for development of the technology led to its ubiquitous distribution.

Since the beginning of the 2000s, ADSL technology has been supplanted by faster types of subscriber connections, primarily Ethernet, which provides a throughput of up to 1 Gbps, against a ceiling of 24 Mbps for ADSL technology. At the same time, this type of connection is widely used in a number of European countries as a basic one: most Finnish users receive an ADSL connection as a constitutionally guaranteed access to the Internet. According to British analysts, 99% of residential buildings in the country are connected using this technology. Naturally, its use is much lower and accounts for a small percentage of subscribers.

Advantages and features of using ADSL technology

The key advantage of the Internet with an ADSL connection is its implementation through a regular telephone line. Analog telephony is connected to a subscriber ADSL modem. To receive services at the PBX, special equipment must be installed that provides all subscribers with broadband access to the network.

The use of technology makes it possible to use a telephone line in parallel and gain access to the Internet via ADSL. To do this, frequency separation of channels is used.

The main disadvantages of the technology:

• low communication speed. Even with the most modern circuitry, the 25Mbps ceiling remains insurmountable;
• many extraneous factors affect the connection speed - starting from the quality and cross-section of the twisted pair connecting the subscriber and the PBX, and ending with the distance between them.

FAQ

Is the connection via ADSL justified in today's realities?
In most cases, such a connection can be considered obsolete. Even in remote areas where for a long time the only communication channel was a telephone line, there is an alternative in obtaining faster network access through LTE technologies or laying fiber optic communications.

For what use cases will ADSL data rates be sufficient?
Restriction in reception at the level of 25 Mbit / s can actually be much lower - a lot of factors depend on the state of the telephone line and the distance of the subscriber from the PBX. Thus, the use of ADSL can be considered acceptable only for activities that do not require high access speed - e-mail exchange, study of graphic and text content. In most cases, ADSL speed will not be enough for streaming music and watching videos. At the same time, downloading even 1 GB of information takes considerable time, which is not comparable with the use of more modern access protocols.

Tariffs and services of Net By Net Holding LLC may be changed by the operator. Complete actual information about tariffs and services - in the "tariffs" section or by calling the number indicated on the site.

ADSL is an asymmetric Internet access technology. It is an asymmetric system in its structure and allows you to work with connections at speeds up to 8 Mbps. ADSL-technology, the transmission speed of which is calculated up to 1 Mbps, operates on average at a distance of more than 5 km. Today we will look at what this type of connection is and how it works.

History of appearance

Before answering the question: "ADSL - what is it?", we bring to your attention some historical data. For the first time, they started talking about the creation in the late 80s, when even the Internet in its modern form was only its main task in 1989 was to improve and modernize the technology of data transmission over copper telephone wires. Analog-to-digital conversion was created mainly for the rapid transfer of information between various interactive services, video games, video files, as well as for obtaining instant remote access to LAN and other network systems.

Modern ADSL technology: how it works

The operation of the network is based on the subscriber's digital line, which provides access to the Internet through telephone communication channels. But telephone lines use an analog signal to carry voice messages. An ADSL connection is designed to convert an analog signal into a digital one and transfer it directly to a computer. At the same time, unlike already outdated Dial-up modems, ADSL-based devices do not block the telephone line and allow you to use digital and analog signals simultaneously.

The essence of the technology (asymmetry) lies in the fact that the subscriber receives a huge amount of data - incoming traffic, and transmits a minimum of information from himself - downstream traffic. As an input, various kinds of content are meant: video and media files, applications, objects. Downstream sends only important technical information - various commands and requests, emails and other secondary elements. The asymmetry is that the speed from the network to the subscriber is several times higher than the speed from the user.

The most important advantage that ADSL technology has is its budget and economy. The fact is that the same copper ones are used for the operation of the system. The number in them, of course, significantly exceeds the number of similar elements in cable modems. But at the same time, no modernization of switching equipment and complex reconstruction is necessary. ADSL connects quickly, and modern types of modems are intuitive to manage and configure.

What equipment is used for this connection?

In order for the technology to work, special types of modems are used, which differ in their structure, design, connection type:

• PCI modems (internal computer devices).
• External modems with USB connection type.
• Devices with Ethernet type interface.
• with Ethernet scheme.
• Profile types of modems (for security companies, private telephone lines).
• Router with internal Wi-Fi hotspots.

Additional equipment: splitters and microfilters

We must not forget that to connect such a gadget as an ADSL modem, you will need splitters and microfilters. Devices are selected in accordance with the design of the telephone cable. In a situation where a cable outlet is made (or can be done) to separate the modem and telephone channel, a splitter is used. In another case, the purchase of a microfilter is required, which is installed on each telephone present in the room.

The main task of the splitter is to separate frequencies - voice (0.3-3.4 kHz) and those used directly by the modem itself (25 kHz-1.5 MHz). It is in this way that the simultaneous operation of the modem and the telephone is ensured, which do not interfere with each other and do not interfere. Splitters are compact and will not cause unnecessary inconvenience. The miniature box is equipped with three connectors and is light in weight.

ADSL - what is it? Stages of connecting high-speed Internet

1. Provider choice. To date, each provider offers to use this technology. Different kinds and tariffs depend on the region, as well as on the technical capabilities of the company, the coverage area of ​​\u200b\u200bwhich may be limited.
2. Purchase of equipment. Currently, it is not necessary to buy a modem, splitters and microfilters. When drawing up a connection agreement, the provider offers to rent the necessary equipment, including an ADSL modem. In the future, upon termination of the document, the equipment is returned back. The client pays exclusively for the Internet connection. Modern Internet ADSL - what is it? This is a fast, cheap and high-quality connection method.
3. Account activation. For each client, the provider reserves an account, the activation of which can take up to 12 days. However, in most cases, with normal network coverage, the procedure does not require more than a few hours. First, the provider checks the phone number for the possibility of connecting ADSL. If the technology access zone is not enough, then high-speed Internet will not work.
4. Equipment setup. On this stage devices are connected to a telephone line, splitters and microfilters are installed, modem drivers are installed on a computer, and modem network parameters are set in an Internet browser.

pros

What are the advantages of ADSL technology? Here are a few of them:

• High ADSL allows you to easily transfer files of any size without a long wait. The technology is constantly being improved, and the speeds are growing, significantly expanding the capabilities of the subscriber.
• Wireless connection. To use an ADSL system, you do not need to stretch the cable to the subscriber and install a large amount of equipment. The reliability, quality and functionality of the network is improved.
• No interference on the telephone line. The ADSL router operates in independent mode and does not create any problems for the phone to work. You can call and surf the virtual space completely freely.
• Permanent Internet access ADSL. What it is? This means that the network will not fail during operation. The technology does not require reconnection. The user gets access to the Internet constantly and can be online around the clock.
• Reliability and stability. Today, ADSL is the most reliable type of Internet connection.
• Profitability. The cost of connecting ADSL and installing a modem with a router is minimal and will not hit the family budget.

Flaws

1. Lack of crosstalk protection. If several dozen clients are connected to one channel, you won’t have to rely on high speed. The more subscribers on one ADSL, the lower the quality of data transmission.
2. Although ADSL technology has disadvantages, they are not numerous. This may also include minimum speed from the subscriber. The asymmetry of ADSL has an obvious minus - the transfer of files from the subscriber will be long and inconvenient. But the technology is intended, first of all, for quick access to the Internet, for surfing. In addition, the information transmitted from the subscriber takes up a minimum of space and does not require a large resource.

Speed ​​and factors affecting it

ADSL is a technology high speed internet, but there is no universal meaning and formula. For each individual subscriber, the speed is individual and is determined by a whole set of factors. Including some of them can affect the reliability and quality of equipment. Therefore, it is best for professionals to install modems and routers.

The main reason for the low speed of an ADSL connection is the quality of the subscriber line. It's about about the presence of cable outlets, their condition, wire diameter and length. Signal attenuation is a direct consequence of an increase in the length of the subscriber line, and interference can be reduced by expanding the diameter of the wire. The standard length of an ADSL channel does not exceed 5 km - the optimal range for high-speed data transmission.

Speed ​​characteristics

Compared to other Internet connection technologies, ADSL has a significant speed advantage. An analog modem will give a maximum of up to 56 Kbps, while ADSL at the dawn of its appearance already allowed information to be transmitted at speeds up to 144 Kbps.

ADSL technology, maximum speed which is also determined by the characteristics of the modem and can reach 2048 Mbps, optimizes the process of information transfer. Digital lines significantly increase the user's capabilities, taking him beyond the limitations even with several connected computers, mobile phones, tablets and other gadgets.

Technology Perspectives

The possibilities and resources of ADSL technology are far from being exhausted. Even the ADSL2 and ADSL2+ standards, introduced back in the mid-2000s, still retain their relevance and capabilities. This is, in fact, the only technology that can provide wide Internet access without failures and software problems, therefore it is a competitor to many other methods of connecting to the Internet.

The minimum technical equipment is supplemented modern views modems. Manufacturers annually release new devices designed for continuous operation without the need for maintenance and service. In addition, ADSL speed is constantly growing and is not limited to megabits. The connection becomes relevant both for the home and for the whole office company with several dozen computer clients.

Conclusion

So, we found out what ADSL technology is, what is its essence and principle of operation. As you can see, this is one of those technologies that practically does not fail during operation (even if several dozen users are connected to the network). At the same time, it does not require constant reconnections and speed limits.

04. 09.2017

Blog of Dmitry Vassiyarov.

What is ADSL - an old but relevant connection method

Hi all.

No internet now. Therefore, anyone modern man it is worth knowing about the different options for its connection in order to choose the right one for yourself. From these motives I will tell you about what ADSL is. Suddenly you will like this way of connecting with world wide web? If not, you will simply be more aware of Internet technologies. In any case, after reading the article, you will win;).

Introduction to the xDSL family

In the mid-90s, a new family was born, and not simple, but digital technologies using a telephone line to connect to the Internet. It is called DSL, which means "digital subscriber line" (digital subscriber line). The abbreviation is usually preceded by the letter "x", hiding a specific member of this family.

There are a lot of them, but one of the most popular nowadays is Asymmetric. So our further conversation will be about ADSL. As the name implies, its feature is asymmetry. This is an uneven distribution of downstream and upstream traffic.

The second one is slower. Practice shows that the first digit is more important for users. Because the amount of incoming traffic always exceeds the amount of outgoing traffic.

Physical ADSL

So what is adsl? To understand the essence of our conversation, you must understand what ADSL really is. Connection to the network using this technology is carried out through a telephone line and 2 modems (1 is located at the subscriber, the other at the provider).

Between the socket for the telephone cable and the user's modem, there is usually an intermediary - a splitter. It has 1 input for connecting a telephone line and 2 outputs - for the telephone itself and the modem. Also, the splitter eliminates communication interference and ensures the safety of devices from high-voltage impulses thanks to its inductors and electrical protection circuits on varistors.

By the way, there are modems that allow you to additionally connect, distributing Wi-Fi.

Modem phone - not a hindrance

Representatives of the "old school", remembering how the 1990-2000s were connected to the Internet via telephone, do not rush to write off ADSL. For those who do not remember this, I will explain: in those days you could either go online or talk on the phone - one of the two.

But in asymmetric technology, this drawback is eliminated. The fact is that talking on the phone takes on a meager percentage of the line's capabilities. Smart people guessed to use the rest of the channel to access the network so that one does not interfere with the other.

For undemanding voice communication, the lowest frequency band is used, for the Internet - everything else. In particular, the phone uses a range of 400 - 3500 Hz, incoming traffic - 26000 - 138000 Hz, outgoing - from the last digit to 1.1 MHz.

Which line is suitable for internet?

Connecting to the network via ADSL is cost-effective. Since you can not buy a modem, but rent it from a provider, and you do not have to lay new cables. But this is only if the telephone company provides Internet service. In addition, not every line is suitable for this case. It must meet the following requirements:

• loop resistance - no more than 1200 Ohm, and insulation - no less than 40 MΩ;
• loop capacity - maximum 300 nanofarads;
• capacitive asymmetry - maximum 10 nF;
• signal attenuation: good - 5-20 decibels, in the range from the last digit to 30 dB there are failures, and at 31-40 dB synchronization may disappear;
• noise level: from -65 dB to -55 dB - excellent, up to -35 dB - good, up to -21 dB there may be failures, and if lower - the equipment will not work.

Cable quality also matters. It is best to use shielded twisted pair cable. Often the phone is connected through a single-pair distribution wire (SDP), especially in old houses. Which, of course, is not suitable for new technologies.

Transfer rate

The primary question when choosing a method of connecting to the Internet - what is its speed? Compared to other modern types ADSL connections"smoking on the sidelines", although it is considered high-speed. Compare yourself.

The latest generation of this technology is 2++. Its maximum input speed is 48 Mbps, output - 3 Mbps. While the now popular family can offer customers an incoming traffic speed of 5 Gb / s, although 1 Gb / s remains more affordable, and, nevertheless, this is much more than the ADSL maximum.

For these reasons, leased line is in greater demand than modem technology. However, ADSL is still showing its ability to compete. For example, in public institutions and other enterprises where landlines are indispensable, it is convenient and profitable to use their lines for the Internet, because high speed is not needed in such a situation.

In principle, this is all I wanted to say about what adsl is.

You are always welcome on my blog page.