Cash grant for business development. How to get a grant to start a business, a first-person guide. How to spend a business development grant effectively, and what difficulties you may encounter

Alexander Kaptsov

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Government subsidy is one of the most effective ways obtaining funds to create own business. In this case start-up capital or part of it can be obtained free of charge and with a minimum amount of effort. What options for financial assistance to start-up entrepreneurs are available in Russia in 2019 and how to get them?

What is a subsidy for small businesses from the state? Types of subsidies

A state subsidy should be understood as targeted financial support from the state or local budget, which is free of charge.
Why is the state ready to provide its funds to start-up entrepreneurs on an irrevocable basis?

There are several reasons for this:

Firstly , new firms will produce goods and services needed by society.
Secondly , they will actively compete with existing companies on the market, which will improve quality and reduce prices.
Third , new businesses contribute to growth country's GDP and its socio-economic development.

Subsidies are allocated only to those entrepreneurs who are able to adequately justify the purpose of using the funds, in particular:

Purchase of equipment and consumables.
Purchase of raw materials.
Taking ownership of intangible assets, etc.

If the funds were raised for one event, but were spent in a different way, then the entrepreneur will be forced to return the funds and held accountable. That is why exactly one year after receiving the subsidy, the businessman will have to draw up and submit to the state body a detailed report on the use of the allocated funds.

Important point: If a company is planned to be opened in the field of production, sale of tobacco or alcohol products, construction and sale of real estate, equipment rental, then it makes no sense to count on a state subsidy - these industries are not financed from the budget.

If we talk about the types of subsidies, then in Russia it is necessary to clearly distinguish between:

Subsidies for starting a business , which are issued to the unemployed, the disabled and the only parent of a minor child.
Subsidies for the creation of companies for all other categories of citizens , which increase as the number of additional jobs created by the entrepreneur increases.
Support subsidies operating business provided on a competitive basis.

Important point: In Russian practice, state subsidies are allocated not by state, but by local authorities. That is why an application for the right to raise funds must be sent to a commission specially created at the regional level.

Where can I apply for a government subsidy for small businesses?

Not all start-up entrepreneurs who want to receive a state subsidy are aware of this. Where exactly do they need to apply for this financial aid option.

In Russia, the issuance of funds for the creation of new companies is handled by several government agencies at once.

Where can I go for a list required documents And exemplary form business plan:

Employment Center, including its regional offices.
Department of Entrepreneurship.
Local administrations operating at the level of individual regions.

Important point: If the project turns out to be socially or economically significant for the region, then through the above institutions you can receive not only financial assistance in the form of a subsidy, but also free internships, the right to participate in exhibitions, outsourcing at the expense of the state, etc.

What documents are required to receive a subsidy for small businesses from the state?

State subsidies have existed for a long time and have a unified procedure for evaluating participants.

That is why the list of documents that an entrepreneur will need to submit is in the public domain and includes the following items:

Passport and TIN of the entrepreneur himself.
His SNILS (insurance certificate-card).
Education document.
Certificate from the accounting department of the last place of his official employment, including information about the salary for three months before the dismissal.
Statement of a participant in the program for receiving assistance from the state (according to the approved form).
A business plan with a detailed description of the essence of the project, its income and expenses, as well as an indication of its payback period.

Important point: Only those entrepreneurs who are registered as unemployed citizens in the Employment Center have the right to count on state subsidies.

If, after reviewing the package of documents, the commission makes a positive decision, then an agreement is concluded between the entrepreneur and the Employment Center, and the funds are transferred to the applicant's bank account.

Important point: When highlighting state subsidies it is assumed that some contribution to new business the entrepreneur himself must do. At the same time, it is not at all necessary for the latter to provide the amount of funds - he can provide his own building, car, equipment, etc. for the business.

How to get a government subsidy for small businesses: instructions and conditions for obtaining

What steps will a novice businessman who seeks to receive a government subsidy need to take?

First you need to register at the Employment Center and get the status of unemployed, after which:

Firstly , choose the industry in which he plans to work.
Secondly , draw up a detailed and reasonable business plan, in the summary of which it is desirable to indicate what the economic and social significance of the activity is new company for a specific region.
Third , register a business as an individual entrepreneur.
Fourth contact one of the above government agencies with a package of documents, an application and a business plan.

The Commission reviews the documents within 60 days, after which it makes its decision .

As a rule, the entrepreneur is notified about it by registered mail.

The amount of state subsidies to small businesses in 2019 in the Russian Federation

At present, the system of state subsidies for small businesses in Russia has become very convenient and affordable for a wide range of citizens of the country. What is the size of the state subsidy in 2019?

It all depends on the type of state financial assistance:

If funds are allocated to the unemployed, the disabled, the only parent of a child to open a business, then funding can be up to 300,000 rubles.
If other categories of citizens attract capital, then the base amount will be 60,000 rubles with the possibility of additional payment for the creation of a large number of additional jobs.
If money is needed to support an existing business, then, as a rule, no more than 25,000 rubles are allocated.

Important point: Even if a business is opened under a franchise, state subsidies are still allocated to entrepreneurs.

Reasons for denial of state aid

Why do some entrepreneurs who apply for government subsidies end up with nothing?

There are a number of main reasons for denial of funding:

Choosing the wrong field of activity . So, there are industries that the state does not finance (tobacco and alcohol production, banking and insurance business, etc.), and at the same time, “win-win” options for obtaining state subsidies (education, tourism, medicine, etc.).
Too much funding . When forming an application, it is important to take into account the maximum amount of subsidies that the state can provide.
Wrong . If the project does not reflect income and costs in sufficient detail, there is a long payback period and the economic and social significance of the project is not obvious, then the money will most likely not be given.
Lack of a clearly defined goal . If the business plan does not specify exactly where the entrepreneur is going to spend the amount requested from the state, then the subsidy may be denied, due to the inability to control the use of funds.
Re-application . If an entrepreneur has already received a subsidy for opening a company before, then when applying again, the probability of refusal is more than 80%.

Where can I spend a subsidy for small businesses from the state?

Since the entrepreneur prescribes in the business plan the purpose of attracting state subsidies, the first condition for the use of funds is the expenditure strictly for the intended purpose.

There are several areas where state subsidy funds can be distributed, in particular:

Purchase of equipment (all purchased machines and devices cannot be sold or transferred to a third party for three years).
Rent of premises (no more than 20% of the allocated amount can be used for these needs).
Acquisition software, patents and licenses.
Purchase of raw materials and materials (again - no more than 20% of the allocated capital).

At the end of the year, the entrepreneur will have to draw up a detailed report on where exactly the funds allocated by the state were sent to them.

What is a grant?

Today, a grant is not only finance for Scientific research, a free trip to Europe or just an increased scholarship for a botanist student, this is a real opportunity to start or expand your business through attracted and, most importantly, non-refundable Money. Tempting? - Then let's figure out what a grant is.

According to the modern and generally accepted definition, grant– it is a gratuitous subsidy to enterprises, organizations and individuals in cash or in kind for the implementation of any activity with a subsequent report on their use. In our case - is the starting capital of an entrepreneur, i.e. solving the main problem at the stage of creating a business.

I should note that finding and receiving a grant is a rather difficult task, however, money does not fall from the sky at all, so if you have an interesting, non-standard, and most importantly economically sound idea, then you can try to get sponsorship money for its implementation.

We will stipulate right away that the money is not given to you personally, but to your organization for specific purposes, therefore you are responsible for the misuse of the funds allocated to you. That is why the search for a grant (getting money) should not be an end in itself, take sponsorship as a help in the development of your favorite business, only then you will be successful.

"Granting" Rules

Money is allocated not to the entrepreneur personally, but to his organization to carry out the task specified in the application.
Purpose and amount of the grant are indicated at the stage of creating a business plan and not subject to review.
It so happened that the preferences of sponsors are given the most realistic or most original designs.
Do not throw yourself at the first grant that comes across to you, like a yard dog on a bone, be selective. Carefully read all the information about the grant, what it will be allocated for, how much you can get. Most refusals occur precisely because of the inconsistency of applications with the subject of the grant.
If you really want it, then you can simply tailor your goals to the goals of the foundation, but be prepared for the failure of an organization created to develop and support agricultural producers if you have previously been engaged in retail Chinese toys.
Get ready for what money is not allocated all at once, but comes in tranches. Moreover, where possible, for example, when purchasing org. equipment, you will get equipment, not money. For each stage of the implementation of your project, a certain amount is provided.
It is better to be late with the payment of the loan to the bank than to misuse sponsorship funds. One wrong step - and a negative reputation in this environment is guaranteed to you forever.
The same goes for timeliness and correctness. completing all reports. They should be executed exactly with the instructions given to you and strictly on time.
As a rule, they won’t give a lot of money the first time, so ask for the minimum, only on objectively necessary things. Such an application is much more likely to pass the selection than those who ask not only for the main means of labor, but also for stationery, a cooler for the office and a recruitment of a manager.
I think that all entrepreneurs are ready for the fact that nothing is absolutely free, and the need to pay income tax with the amount of the grant will not upset you much.

What are they asking?

It is not so difficult to issue a package of documents, you just need to be careful. As a rule, you will be required to provide the name of the project, its purpose, what you expect to get as a result, indicate the timing and stages of the project and its approximate cost.

In order to receive a grant from the state, it is necessary to submit for consideration within the established time limits:

Business plan.

Certificate of state registration.

Certificate of entry into the register of small businesses.

Copies of constituent documents.

Copies of all pages of the passport.

Application in the prescribed form.

Private, especially foreign foundations, may request additional and sometimes seemingly absurd documentation, so be mentally prepared for this.

To whom do they give?

Views on who to give the grant are diametrically opposed among foreign sponsors and state funds, if the former proceed from necessity. targeted and full spending of allocated funds in strict accordance with the business plan, then the state sets the task of employment and social protection.
Therefore, foreign investors are more willing to finance those who have already participated in similar programs, and state funds, as a rule, support those who have registered their business quite recently.

The state allocates funds to young entrepreneurs "on the rise." Please note that, other things being equal, preference will be given to socially unprotected segments of the population: graduates of universities and the unemployed, those who are on administrative leave or fall under staff cuts, a single mother with a child, a disabled person or a retired military man.

What do they give?

About 30% of entrepreneurs who received a grant in the field of small business are engaged in the provision of services, 20% are employed in production, and only 12% are in trade.

The most realistic way to get a grant is to rent premises, purchase fixed assets, and purchase raw materials. A huge plus for the grantee will be his willingness to pay for part of the necessary equipment from their own funds. Such an approach will convince the commission of the seriousness of the entrepreneur's intentions and his faith in the success of the enterprise.

There is also such a peculiarity: domestic funds often refuse to pay the salaries of employees, while in foreign funds such an expense item of the business plan does not cause any complaints.
Usually, state finances more applied projects, including manufacturing and Agriculture, science (in more natural sciences) and education, and foreign funds– for research in the field of ecology, economics and democracy, as well as culture and society. Private domestic funds aimed at supporting innovative activity, economy and business.
With a desire and a sufficient degree of perseverance, you can find a fund for the implementation of any project, even the most extravagant one, but if you are not sick of any particular idea, then it is better and easier for beginners to navigate services.

With the help of a grant, you can easily open a cleaning company (by the way, the leader in grand receipts), any repair shop: auto, household appliances, shoe, any training courses - a very realistic idea, this can also include a marketing agency or design bureau. The arithmetic is simple - the product of the activity of such an enterprise is the mental / creative calculations of your employees, their cost is wage, therefore, no money is needed for the purchase, delivery and storage of goods.

Who gives?

Naturally, state represented by such ministries as the Committee for the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises, the Committee economic development, industrial policy and trade, advanced local self-government bodies, they are also municipalities. Such grants can be financed from the budget of the city, region, and may partially from local and federal budgets. Grant announcements do not hang on every post, like “I will rent” or “buy”, therefore, the primary task of an entrepreneur who is concerned about the problem of obtaining a grant is check with the local administration where and how he can find out about ongoing competitions.

Despite the small amounts compared to foreign grants, the state can provide such bonuses as benefits, ranging from the lease of municipal premises and plots, ending with advertising and legal assistance. Agree, this is already half the battle!

The best that can be participation in targeted programs funding, it is in them that you will be provided with comprehensive assistance.

Next on the list are business unions. These organizations know exactly what a businessman needs money for and the requirements for the projects they finance are as realistic as possible. Current grants can be viewed, for example, on the website

Image commercial banks, working in the field of small and medium-sized businesses, also act as sponsors by establishing grants with very decent amounts, offering the winners more preferential lending terms.

Delicious piece of pie sponsorship- these are, of course, foreign grants, but it is not so easy to get them. Foreign funds they are extremely reluctant to finance domestic businessmen, but there is always a chance. Let's start with the classification of international grant-giving organizations.

First of all, this transnational organizations such as the United Nations, the European Union (EU), UNESCO, US AID, USIA. Many of them have representative offices in Russia.

National organizations Finland and Norway, for example, finance business activities in Russia, among other things. The Barents Secretariat (Norway) provides grants for the industrial and commercial development of private companies.

The undisputed leader of the presence in the “grant” market of Russia is the USA, but the maximum that you can count on in commercially This " civic education”, all the forces of American patrons are thrown, as you might guess, to support democratic initiatives. The American authorities will not spare even 750,000 rubles for these purposes, so whole year you can quite afford to maintain a staff of three people, pay them a decent salary by distributing leaflets, at least you can definitely buy a fax machine, a printer and a scanner. If you are ready, then you are on the official website of the embassy of a state friendly to us.

The non-profit New Eurasia Foundation, again, with the support of the US Agency for International Development, provides assistance to the development of small businesses in Russia, so it would not be out of place to visit this foundation in person or with the help of web resources.

The most promising in terms of getting real money for business purposes is the help of individual investors, large businessmen-philanthropists who invest their own funds in projects that interest them.

Where to look?

As you know, water does not flow under a lying stone, so you will have to search long and hard, and maybe quickly - as lucky. If you are determined to work constantly with funds, then I advise you to contact all ministries, embassies, local administration with the question of the existence of grants and contacts with organizations. All funds operating in Russia, domestic or foreign, are required to register with the state bodies relevant to their subject matter.

You can visit the centers of the funds you are interested in if there are any in your area. If not, you can mail-order the Foundation Directory of over 100,000 US foundations and corporate donors. There is a similar fund in Europe, it is called the European Foundation Center, its mission is to finance projects in Europe and beyond. You can contact the EFC in English and French.

The same information can be found in the Internet, both on the websites of the foundations themselves: the Foundation Directory or the European Foundation Center, and in Internet directories, for example, on such portals.

Summary:

Do not expect freebies, sponsorship money will have to be worked out in full. The fact that you will work out, whatever one may say, in your own interests will give you strength. Be patient and, if necessary, a dictionary, and you will find a grant that is suitable for the implementation of your particular project.

Five years ago, three friends decided to open a health and fitness center. There was no money for simulators or large-scale construction, but there was experience in coaching and confidence that the city needed such a center. Now they have two clubs in different parts of the city, and clients are on the waiting list. The grant support program helped make the dream come true: the girls managed to get 1.5 million rubles. In this article, we will tell you how to get grants for small businesses, and entrepreneurs will share their stories and tips.

How to decide on a business idea

There are no “win-win” ideas for obtaining a grant for business development. If you dream of starting your own business, study your competitors thoroughly. For example, when we are talking about a coffee shop, visit several establishments, count the number of visitors per hour, estimate the average check, find out the cost of rent, try to work in a cafe. If experience entrepreneurial activity no, it's easier to start in a well-known area. It can be a hobby or your professional competence.

Natalya Mantel,

We were the first to install decompression simulators in our city and began to introduce the kinesiology technique- the science of correct movement. Our clients are people with disorders in the functioning of the musculoskeletal system. That's why the main task- Help without hurting.

"Cheer for those who are in pain."

Marina Matashkova,

The idea to open our own bakery has been in our family for several years. By education I am a bakery technologist and confectionery I have been working in the food service all my life. That's why I can replace any employee- knead the dough, beat the cream for cakes, stand behind the counter. I think it forte our business.

Who and how can receive a grant for business development A

The state is interested in the development of small and medium businesses. Therefore, grants are given to companies in the form of subsidies that do not need to be repaid. Business, in turn, creates products, new jobs, and pays taxes. It's like a snowball - such an increase in funds provides an opportunity to give grants again and again to the next generation of start-up entrepreneurs.

There are many programs to support start-up entrepreneurs, each region has its own. In the first three years of a company's existence, an entrepreneur can receive support at several levels.

Marina Matashkova, owner of the family bakery "Good bread"

Still on stage business plan, we painted in detail all the costs. For example, they laid the cost of accounting - our accounting is carried out by an outsourcing company, it is convenient and profitable. We pay for services from our own funds.

The cost of outsourcing services depends on the size of the company and the taxation system. You can learn more about the conditions and cost of accounting for individual entrepreneurs and LLCs.

Tatyana Lisovskaya,

We have a simplified taxation system, we also outsourced accounting and reporting.

To receive a grant from the state to support small businesses, as a rule, you need to provide the following documents:

statement;
certificate from tax office about the absence of debt;
extracts from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities (EGRIP);
a copy of the certificate of completion of courses for beginner entrepreneurs or, if the applicant has a higher legal or economic education, a copy of the diploma;
project business plan with cost estimates.

You can find out what grants for small business development are issued in your city in 2018.

The “survival rate” of grant recipient businesses: 2018 - 84%, 2012 - 36%.

How to determine how much money you need to start a business

A grant is not a solution to all the problems of a novice entrepreneur. In order to receive funds to open your business, you will have to prove that they are really needed and confirm your interest with your own investments. Usually it is from 10 to 20% of the grant amount.

Marina Matashkova, owner of the family bakery "Good bread"

A bakery is a business with a lot of investment in the initial stage. Premises rental, repair, communications, installation of fire alarms, purchase of equipment and furniture.

We had about 400 thousand rubles of our own savings, another 1 million 300 thousand we took on credit and 500 thousand received as a grant. The amount turned out to be considerable, but they still counted every ruble. We wrote the business plan in the spring, received a grant in the summer. Our stoves are Italian, their prices are in euros. During the coordination of documents and the competition itself, the cost of equipment increased, we had to make changes to the project, change suppliers. This amount, over two million, was enough for us just to open. We partially did the repairs with our own hands, but we ourselves figured out how to decorate the trading floor.

Tatyana Lisovskaya, owner of the knitwear studio "Oblaka"

When I was writing a business plan, the curators explained “You don’t need to get chairs”, that is, ask for exactly as much as you need. In 2017, when I received a grant to open my studio, he maximum amount was 500 thousand rubles. I considered that 350 thousand is enough for me to purchase knitting machines and rent a room. And I received this amount. That is, the business plan must be realistic.

"I knit without imposing." P production of knitwear studio "Oblaka"

Natalya Mantel, co-owner of the network of sports and recreation centers "Kinesis"

People are surprised when they find out that we received a grant of 1.5 million rubles for the opening of Kinesis. Although at that time the maximum amount of support for ordinary business was 300 thousand. Everything is very simple. We were three founders, each wrote his own project as part of the opening of one center: classes with adults with disorders in the musculoskeletal system, a children's direction in the same area, and a yoga and soft fitness studio. The first two points, as socially significant, received a double amount of support, that is, 600 thousand rubles each. That's the whole secret.

We have invested a lot of our efforts and resources. It can be said that they lived in these halls, they did the repairs with their own hands. For the first few months, they could not even afford to hire an administrator and a cleaner. After training, I picked up a mop and went to wash the floors.

Even after the business reaches a stable income, individual specialists can not be hired and thereby optimize costs. For example, the services of an accountant, personnel officer and lawyer can be obtained at a price lower than hiring one of these specialists.

How to spend a business development grant effectively, and what difficulties you may encounter

The number of applications is many times greater than the number of grants issued for LLCs and individual entrepreneurs. The commissions that decide to support start-up businessmen include not only officials, but also operating entrepreneurs. They know from their own experience what services and goods in this moment the market needs. Experts advise applicants to set realistic goals and not to overestimate the planned indicators.

The Commission immediately sees whether the business has a chance to stand firmly on its feet. Now there is a trend that can be called "coming out of the shadows." It happens that a person tried to provide some services, saw that they were in demand, and after a year and a half was registered as individual entrepreneur and writes a business plan with a grant application to take it to the next level.

There are no restrictions for receiving a grant for business development, even by age. As soon as a citizen can register as an individual entrepreneur, and this is possible from the age of 16 with permission from his parents, he is eligible to apply for state support.

Marina Matashkova, owner of the family bakery "Good bread"

We must be prepared for difficulties. My husband and I thought that as soon as the bakery opened its doors, we would be able to breathe freely. It turned out that from that moment the main difficulties began. You must be included in the process around the clock and seven days a week. The first time to go home at 23 o'clock was happiness, while my working day began at 4:30 when I came to the bakery and kneaded the dough so that at 8 in the morning customers could already come in for hot bread and buns. Then we could afford to hire bakers and a salesman. Now I come to the bakery later - by 6 am.

Since August 1st, we have closed our doors for only one day, September 2nd. We just slept through the day from exhaustion. Customers were warned in advance, but they were still upset that they could not buy fresh hot bread.

"We care about people." Products of the family bakery "Good bread"

Tatyana Lisovskaya, owner of the knitwear studio "Oblaka"

A smile on the buyer's face is what gives strength. When I see that a person likes the thing that I knitted for him, I understand that ready to work from early morning until late at night. There are more and more clients who appreciate unique author's things. People are tired of consumer goods and want to wear beautiful, extraordinary things.

Natalya Mantel, co-owner of the network of sports and recreation centers "Kinesis"

Our clients are people with health problems. As sad as it may sound, there are more of them every year. We move little, lead a sedentary lifestyle, working late at the office and moving by car. Think, The secret to the success of Kinesis lies in the following:

we were the first in the city who began to develop this direction;

there were three of us;

we believed in our cause, despite the fact that our loved ones tried to stop us;

we were ready to work from morning to evening;

we did everything ourselves.

You create your own success. If charged the right idea No difficulty will stop you!

Sports and fitness center "Kinesis"

What is important to consider: grants are not without accountability

A grant for the development of small businesses is not only help from the state, but also a responsibility. For each penny of the grant spent, your company must report, justify each indicator achieved or not achieved. Otherwise, the grantee may be required to return the money. Spending funds for purposes other than those stated in the project is unacceptable. Responsibility - up to criminal.

Artem Maryshev, Head of the Entrepreneurship Support Center of the Murmansk Region

How successful a business will be is difficult to predict with 100% certainty. This is always a risk area. Members of the grant distribution commission evaluate the relevance of the project, the demand on the market, and even the personality of the applicant, how passionate he is about his own idea.

Subsequently, this self-confidence and a real view of things will help the businessman achieve the stated indicators.If the business does not reach the planned level, the members of the commission invite the entrepreneur to a dialogue, help to find a way out, give recommendations.

Reporting forms for all grants are different, but as a rule, it is not difficult to fill in these tables. They compare the planned indicators and those that the individual entrepreneur or LLC has achieved in reality.

Marina Matashkova, owner of the family bakery "Good bread"

Whether you apply for a grant or not, before starting your own business I advise you to write a business plan. The project that we drew up for the first year of operation allowed us to get to know our company in all its details. To see where, when and what kind of expenses we will have, how much income will be approximately and how they can be increased.

We wrote a "business plan in reverse". That is, they deliberately overestimated the likely costs and underestimated the income. There are no golden mountains in our project, but there are real numbers. Comparing the planned and achieved indicators, we understand how the work is going and see our prospects. Production cannot be unprofitable if it is built correctly. Don't be afraid to take risks, leave your job if you want to dedicate your life to the Cause of Dreams!

Natalya Mantel:

To be successful in business, you must know your business inside and out. When the manager is a professional, then the staff will strive to achieve the best results. I am proud that in the 5 years of existence of our clubs, I almost never had to lay off employees. We rarely write statements and for very good reasons. For example, when a person moves to another region. I myself still conduct training, clients have been coming to me for years. Our trainers regularly go to training, we bring specialists in new techniques. Without constant development, business has no future.

Three months of accounting, personnel records and legal support FOR FREE. Hurry, the offer is limited.

What specific measures of state support can a person who has opened his own business count on?

Subsidies from the employment center

If you are just planning to open your own business, then the first thing you need to know about is the existence of a special program of the Ministry of Economic Development to provide subsidies to small and medium-sized businesses at the regional level. Within the framework of this program, the employment center provides one-time financial assistance in starting their own business.

The amount is provided in the amount of 12 times the maximum unemployment benefit. Previously, it was 58,800 rubles. (assuming that the amount of unemployment benefit was 4900 rubles). However, from January 1, 2019, the maximum allowance will increase from 4900 rubles. up to 8,000 rubles, so the amount of the subsidy may increase. It also provides for one-time financial assistance for the preparation of documents: payment of state duty, performance of notarial acts during state registration, purchase of blank documentation, production of seals, stamps, legal services, consultations. So, for example, in the Moscow region, financial assistance for the preparation of documents is 7,500 rubles.

The subsidy from the employment center is available to citizens who have reached the age of 18. But in order to receive it, they need to register with the employment center, that is, have the status of an unemployed person and receive benefits. It is also worth considering that not everyone is given subsidies, since there are a limited number of them, and they are issued at the beginning of the financial year (you need to try to get in the right period). About these and other subtleties Vasily Puchkov, Deputy Director regional center support for the Olympics.

Grant support

Such a measure of state support is usually provided by regional authorities. The grant is provided to a start-up entrepreneur in the form of a lump-sum subsidy, on an irrevocable and gratuitous basis. The maximum amount, as a rule, is 600,000 rubles. But depending on the region, the conditions for obtaining grants may differ. Therefore, it is better to find out all the details on the spot. Money is allocated to those whose applications have passed the competitive selection. Among the selection criteria are the scope of the business, the amount of revenue, the number of jobs, etc.

In 2019, novice farmers can still count on special support from the state. The amount of the grant under the program "Support for Beginning Farmers" can reach 3 million rubles. This amount, for example, is received by novice livestock farmers in the Moscow region if they specialize in breeding large cattle, and 1.5 million rubles. provided to farms operating in other areas. A farm that receives such a grant must create at least one job for every 1 million rubles. grant.

In Tatarstan, for 2019, the amount of grant support under the Beginning Farmer program will be higher - it will amount to 5 million rubles. instead of the previous 3 million. So the conditions and amounts should be clarified in each case.

In addition, there are grants in the amount of up to 30 million rubles. for the development of family livestock farms.

In St. Petersburg, since 2015, the program “Support for Social Entrepreneurship” has been implemented, under which the costs associated with the payment of rental payments and the purchase of equipment are reimbursed: rent of buildings, non-residential premises, rental of equipment and purchase of equipment.

In addition, a program has been developed in St. Petersburg to support entrepreneurs who create children's centers; a program to support handicraft entrepreneurs, and other programs.

To learn more about how to receive grants and subsidies, visit official government websites that provide information on business support measures. So, for example, on the website of the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Tatarstan, all areas of state support are described in detail. For the Moscow region, such information is provided by the website of the Center for Entrepreneurship Development of the Moscow Region. The Kuban Small Business website provides a detailed list of subsidies for entrepreneurs working in southern Russia.

It will be easier if you use the search in the "Support for SMEs in the regions" section on Federal portal small and medium business. Just specify the region in the search - and you will be automatically transferred to the "local" portal of small and medium-sized businesses.

On the website of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, you can use the list of authorized bodies to support small and medium-sized businesses in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Federal business support programs

This type of business support can be divided into programs from:

Ministry of Economic Development of Russia

His area of interest extends to the implementation of the program for the provision of subsidies from the federal budget to provide state support to SMEs in the regions (in accordance with and annually issued orders of the Ministry of Economic Development).

Funds are distributed on a competitive basis between the regions and are allocated for activities provided for by regional programs, but on the condition that the costs are co-financed by the regions.

The program of the Ministry of Economic Development provides for direct and indirect support measures that can be counted on by those who are engaged in the production of goods, develop and implement innovative products, specialize in folk art crafts, carry out handicraft activities, promote rural and ecotourism, and develop social entrepreneurship.

SME corporations

This organization deals with a variety of tasks, including financial, property, legal, infrastructural, methodological support; organizes different kinds support of investment projects, etc.

JSC "SME Bank"

More information about support programs and the conditions on the basis of which you can apply for government assistance in business development can be found on the regional portals of small and medium-sized businesses. For example, the Ryazan portal gives detailed information both by types, and by forms, and by support infrastructure.

Subsidies for reimbursement of interest on loans

A business can count on compensation for the cost of paying interest on loans received from credit institutions for the support and development of activities, including the renewal of fixed assets (with the exception of loans received for the purchase of passenger vehicles).

The conditions for obtaining a subsidy must be clarified in the regions. For example, in Moscow they are as follows:

the organization meets the criteria of an SME entity;
the organization or individual entrepreneur is registered and operates on the territory of Moscow, and the duration of registration is at least 6 months before the date of filing an application for a subsidy;
the period of overdue debt on taxes, fees and other obligatory payments on the day of filing the application does not exceed one month;
there are no pending contracts for the provision of subsidies from the budget of the city of Moscow on the day of application;
there are no violations of contractual obligations secured at the expense of the budget of the city of Moscow;
there is a loan agreement with a credit institution included in the list of credit institutions selected in accordance with the established procedure joint stock company"Federal Corporation for the Development of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses", which has concluded a cooperation agreement with the Department of Science, Industrial Policy and Entrepreneurship of the city of Moscow, or has received approval from a credit institution for issuing a loan.

In 2019, the state will allocate 7.2 billion rubles to banks. on preferential loans for entrepreneurs, thus increasing budget subsidies for the program of preferential loans for small businesses in priority sectors by 11 times. This is provided for in the draft federal budget for 2019 and subsequent 2020-2021. The total amount of expenses for the next 6 years will amount to 190.9 billion rubles.

The proposal is to issue loans to small and medium-sized businesses for projects in priority sectors at a rate of 6.5%. It will apply to industries such as agriculture, construction, transport, communications, tourism, manufacturing, electricity, gas and water production, healthcare, collection, processing and disposal of waste, industries that implement priority areas for the development of science and technology. and technology.

According to the rules, the difference with market rates (3.1% for a loan agreement for medium-sized businesses and 3.5% for small businesses) is reimbursed by the budget to banks. In 2019, thanks to innovations, concessional lending will be carried out for more than 200 billion rubles.

Small Business Support: Changes in 2019

In the summer of 2018, the President signed, which expands property support for small and medium-sized businesses. This law establishes an indefinite right to purchase leased state and municipal property and the possibility of using land plots when providing property support to SMEs.

Also, shortly before 2019, Government Decree dated 10.10.2018 No. 1212 was presented. The document amends the rules for granting subsidies from the federal budget to credit institutions to compensate for their lost income on loans issued to SMEs in preferential rate.

According to the document, the maximum amount of a loan granted to an SME for investment purposes at a preferential rate has been reduced from 1 billion rubles. up to 400 million rubles But the maximum size of the total amount of loans that can be issued to one borrower is still 1 billion rubles. The changes were made to enable banks to lend to more SMEs.

In addition, it is important to mention Government Decree No. 2586-r dated November 26, 2018, which refers to a draft federal law amending Art. 25 federal law"On the development of small and medium-sized businesses in Russian Federation". This bill has been prepared for the implementation of the national project "Small and Medium Enterprises and Support for Individual Entrepreneurial Initiatives", which provides for expanding the access of SMEs to financial resources, including concessional financing.

When the draft law is adopted, the guarantee support provided by SME Corporation JSC to SMEs will be expanded. This will affect companies operating in high-tech industries, start-ups, agricultural cooperatives, fast-growing innovative companies and SMEs implementing projects in the Far Eastern and North Caucasian Federal Districts and in single-industry towns.

Moving to countryside put our family before the fact: there is no work in the village. So you need to create your own workplace and earn your own income. The choice of direction of activity was also obvious - agriculture in the Novgorod region needs to be raised.

My nine mistakes on the way to a grant

There were no special savings left - everything was spent on moving, and to start so seasonal business"from scratch" is difficult. You will want to eat already tomorrow, and the income from animal husbandry or crop production will be received, oh, how long. The same fact predetermined the refusal to apply for a loan - the bank will have to pay regularly, and it is impossible to grow agricultural products taking into account the loan repayment schedule.

Entrepreneur Tatarintsev Petr received a grant for starting a business of 150,000 rubles and shares his experience with visitors to the Moneymaker Factory.

The omniscient Internet comes to the rescue, where you need to look not for how to earn 100,000 rubles in two days with minimum investment, but quite specific information on financial support for start-up entrepreneurs. It turned out that in each region of the country there are at least two different programs to support newly minted businessmen:

Subsidy under the self-employment program, provided on the basis of the interview and defense of your business plan at the Employment Center - 58.8 thousand rubles for each unemployed person who will be employed at the newly created enterprise;
Grant for start-up entrepreneurs from the Ministry of Economic Development with the direct participation of the regions organizing the competitive selection and evaluation of applications - 300 thousand rubles for the implementation of the project.

With the first option, I flew by - back in March, 5 applicants had already applied for the only subsidy allocated to our district under the quota. Deciding that I could not withstand such tough competition, and the amount was not so attractive to fight for it, I went to the administration for information to find out the conditions for obtaining a grant under the second option.

In the department of economics and agriculture, I was greeted with open arms. Our area is not particularly prosperous and entrepreneurship is tight here, so they are ready to support every new business “from and to”. Thanks to this, in the end, I overcame all the steps of the procedure for obtaining a grant - in any local instance, they went to meet me and helped me correct my mistakes. Otherwise, I will not see this money.

Mistake 1. Information about the program: you need a territorial reference

I naively thought that the information I received on the Internet about the state subsidy was enough. It turned out that the federal program operates throughout the country, but its main conditions are at the mercy of the regional authorities. Up-to-date information can only be found in the regulations of the respective region.

The peculiarity of such a procedure for the preparation and approval of specific criteria and activities of the program is that the region must first approve its version of the program, and on its basis a comprehensive document will be developed directly in the region. As a result, the main parameters and conditions for issuing grants to start-up entrepreneurs in our locality were adjusted only by June.

Mistake 2. Registration: there is no need to rush

The final version of the competitive position was studied by me after the registration of the IP. If I had not listened to the tax inspectorate and chose other OKVED, I would not have been able to take part in the competitive selection, because only businesses in the following areas can count on state support:

agriculture (OKVED 01.1 - 01.4);
construction (OKVED 45.2 - 45.4);
manufacturing industry (OKVED 15, 17-22 and 24 - 37);
social, communal and personal services(OKVED 74.7, 74.84, 93);
handicraft activity.

In a particular district, their priorities are set, so in our country these types of activities included animal husbandry, and in a neighboring district, all other things being equal, a grant was allocated manufacturing enterprises. Although, even if my chosen activity had not been prioritized, there was still enough time to make changes and add required OKVED.

Mistake 3. Collecting documents: pay attention to their expiration date

After quick registration with the tax office and registration as an employer in non-budgetary funds, according to the requirements of the program, it was necessary to acquire bank account. In the branch of Sberbank, an account was opened for me in a few days, it only took me to fill out a signature card and write a corresponding application with a request to open an IP current account. The received bank account agreement should have supplemented the following package of documents for applying for participation in the grant competition:

IP registration certificate;
Passport and TIN certificate;
Extract from the USRIP;
Information mail with statistics codes;
Certificate from the tax office on the absence of debt;
Help from Pension Fund, FSS, MHIF about the absence of debt to them;
A self-written certificate of the amount of revenue for previous reporting periods (why is it needed if I just registered as an entrepreneur?);
Certificate of the average number of employees for the past year (of course, all in zeros).

Addition: Leave an application for opening a current account with Sberbank.

It was necessary to take into account two factors - the speed of issuing all these documents and their validity. An extract from the USRIP loses its relevance in 30 days, a tax certificate - in 10 days, and it is better to take confirmation of the absence of obligations to extra-budgetary funds on the same day when you plan to submit an application.

I had to order certificates several times, which lost their "freshness", it's good that they were free. Besides, in last moment I was saved by the opportunity to order an urgent extract from the USRIP, which is prepared in 1-2 days, not 5 working days.

Mistake 4. Business plan: conforming to a certain format

To participate in the program to support start-up entrepreneurs, you need not only to present registration documents, but also describe in detail your upcoming activities. For this purpose, not any business plan downloaded from the Web is suitable, but a comprehensive document drawn up based on the results of training in courses on the basics of business.

In Veliky Novgorod, on the basis of the Entrepreneurship Support Fund, training was organized for everyone who wants to receive state support in the form of a grant.

I, as having a higher economic education, did not need to take these short courses, I only had to use the proposed scheme to draw up a business plan when applying. The rest were trained and attached to the application for participation in the Entrepreneurship Support Program a certificate of completion of these courses.

The business plan needed:

specify the features of production;
describe the products;
characterize organizational processes at the enterprise, taking into account the calendar plan;
calculate the required amount of investment;
predict financial flows;
list possible risks and ways to minimize them.

In an additional application form attached to this document, it was necessary to calculate the budgetary efficiency of the project - the amount of tax deductions, as well as indicate the number of jobs created. It was required, according to the above formulas, to calculate other indicators of the project.

Mistake 5. Expense items: you can not spend on everything

The funds received from the budget can be spent exclusively for those purposes that are most clearly and transparently spelled out in the business plan and application. No deviation is provided. An additional limitation is the fact that only fixed assets that are directly involved in the business and generate income can be purchased with the grant funds. It is impossible to repay debts to creditors or pay salaries to employees or make other current expenses with the help of the grant.

For this reason, when filling out the application, I had to immediately think over the process of acquiring assets, taking into account the fact that I would have to confirm the intended nature of the use of funds - with payment documents. Difficulties arose - it was difficult for me to confirm the fact of the sale and purchase of farm animals in private household plots.

I had to make a deal between individual and IP, which took into account all the main parameters of this transaction. Subsequently, this agreement became part of the report on the expenditure of budgetary funds, and it was not immediately agreed to be accepted.

Mistake 6. Competition: important selection criteria

The Commission takes into account only a few of the most important criteria for evaluating applicants, assigning points to each indicator:

Creation of jobs - from 1 to 5 points for employment of 1 to 10 employees or more;
Applicant's age up to 30 years - 1 point, older - 0 points;
Own investments from 0 to 100% of the project cost - from 1 to 5 points;
Priority activities - 1 point, any other permitted activity - 0 points.

A prerequisite is the registration of an entrepreneur for no longer than one year, as well as the implementation of activities in the territory of the region where he was registered. There are other indicators that the commission evaluates, they are spelled out in the regulation of the competition and, as it turned out, differ significantly in different regions of the country.

Mistake 7. Regional specifics of the grant program

I was greatly mistaken that I have comprehensive information about the program, having studied the experience of several regions. It turned out that in the Novgorod region a grant can be received in the amount of 70% of the cost of the entire project, moreover, on the fact of expenses.

That is, in order for me to receive 300 thousand rubles from the budget, I would first need to make documented expenses for the same amount and plan at least another 130 thousand rubles to lay out from my own pocket for business development.

In 2013, in other regions, for example, in the Sverdlovsk region, to participate in the program, it is enough to complete training, write a BP and pay 15% of the costs of launching a newly registered company, the rest will be paid from a grant from the budget. In St. Petersburg, the ratio of own and requested from the budget funds should be 30 and 70%, respectively. Well, I had to moderate my appetites and be content with the amount of 150 thousand rubles, because I had already invested about that much in my farming and could confirm these expenses with checks.

Mistake 8. Deadlines for receiving funds: delay in payments from the budget

But I could not meet the expected expenses at my own expense in order to compensate for them with funds from the budget - I decided to wait for the grant to be paid and then buy everything necessary equipment and young. This became my next mistake. During my first visits to the administration, when I was still doing reconnaissance, I congratulated the employees on March 8, and when I came for money, it was already a happy new year.

Despite the fact that the money was received in my account on December 20, I had to report on the spending made on the 25th, so that the administration could accept the report before the end of the year. It was this feature of subsidies from the budget that cost me many lost months and nerves. The procedure for submitting reports on the grant turned out to be the simplest - I brought sales receipts for the purchase of equipment and an agreement for the purchase of farm animals, in the amount corresponding to the application with a business plan.

Mistake 9. Reporting: delay in the implementation of the project

Since I did not receive the money in June, as expected, my entire calendar plan for the implementation of the project shifted somewhat. In the spring of next year, I was already supposed to receive a solid income and give work to 3 residents of the area. However, this was only possible with a six-month delay.

For a report after the first quarter, I must provide the administration with a certificate of the average headcount and a certificate of tax deductions and no debt before payments to the budget and extrabudgetary funds. As a result, they asked me only for an explanation of the reason for such a delay in the development of my farm and did not demand the return of the funds received, although under the terms of the agreement they could well have been forced to return this money. By the end of this year, I reached the planned sales volumes and the capacity of my enterprise.

Now that I have experience of interacting with the local administration and knowing the nuances of obtaining and using budget funds, I understand that free cheese is not only in a mousetrap.