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How to open a disposable production plastic tableware

Production disposable tableware- this is one of those business ideas that do not lose their relevance and provide the business owner with high profits for many years.

Brief business analysis:
Business setup costs:5.5 - 7.5 million rubles
Relevant for cities with a population: from 200 000
Situation in the industry:the manufacturing sector is saturated
The complexity of organizing a business: 4/5
Payback: 10-14 months

As a rule, today, novice entrepreneurs, being in search of promising directions for organizing their own business, pay more attention to the consideration of such projects that have all the signs of startups (you can learn about startups here):

• Fast return on investment
• As little competition as possible
• Raising funds for the implementation of business "from outside".

Well, impatience and energy are inherent in the younger generation. Meanwhile, experienced entrepreneurs value stability and prospects more. The production of disposable tableware just has these characteristics.

Advantages of disposable tableware

First you need to clarify the question, what is so good about disposable plastic utensils that its use is gradually replacing the traditional utensils made of plastic, glass, porcelain, etc., familiar to most people?

• First of all, the advantages of disposable tableware include its sanitary qualities. The buyer, purchasing food or drink in disposable plates, cups, using disposable forks, spoons, and knives, will be 100% sure that no one has used them before. The “worm” of doubt about the quality of dishwashing in this establishment will not “sharpen” his brain in the process of eating.
• Safety of disposable tableware. It cannot be broken and cut on the sharp edges of the fragments (this is especially attractive for children's food establishments).
• There is also a benefit for entrepreneurs - there is no need to purchase dishwashing detergents. Which, by the way, are now quite expensive.

Demand for disposable tableware

To imagine the scale of the future business, first of all, you need to determine your target audience - buyers who will purchase wholesale lots of your products from you. It's ridiculous to even talk about retail trade in plastic utensils by a manufacturer. Therefore, consider opening your own outlets we will not.

Work with regular customers and increasing the number of these customers through various marketing campaigns is the main priority once production is launched. These wholesale buyers include:

• Various establishments Catering- cafes, snack bars, pizzerias, canteens, etc.
• Kiosks that sell takeaway food
• Mini-bakery engaged in the production of culinary products
• Services fast delivery food to order
• Catering companies
• Super- and hypermarkets with their own culinary production
• Fruit and vegetable vendors

As you can see, the range of buyers to whom you can offer your products is quite wide. It remains only to involve them all in your proposal. But more on that later.

From the outside, it may seem to some skeptics that this business is seasonal, but we can safely say that this is not so. Look at the consumers of disposable tableware listed above - they all work all year round. This means that there can be no talk of a drop in the volume of purchases in critical indicators. Some increase in sales in the spring-summer period due to picnic lovers can be considered nice bonus.

Raw materials for production

The raw material for the manufacture of disposable plastic tableware is granular polystyrene, somewhat similar to foam balls. The cost of 1 ton of such material now ranges from 45 to 100 thousand rubles, depending on the diameter of the granules, their brand, etc.

This type of raw material is used for the production of tableware in the full production cycle, which includes the stages of melting polystyrene granules and making a polymer film from them, from which disposable tableware is made.

There is also an incomplete production cycle, which uses another type of raw material - a finished polymer film from the same polystyrene or polypropylene. The price of such a film is from 100 to 190 thousand rubles per 1 ton.

Manufacturers of both types of raw materials can be selected both domestic and foreign - depending on the proposed terms of supply.

How to organize production

The implementation of the project for the production of disposable plastic tableware consists of several stages:

1. Business registration
2. Finding a production location
3. Acquisition of the necessary equipment
4. Recruitment

Let's consider each stage separately.

Registration of entrepreneurial activity

The choice between the two most acceptable forms of doing business for the production of plastic disposable tableware is primarily due to the planned production volumes, and, as a result, profits. For a small business the best option there will be registration as an individual entrepreneur, for a larger one - LLC. You can find out the difference between IP and LLC at this link.

Choose suitable system taxation you can in this, and how to combine several tax regimes can be found.

OKVED code for an enterprise producing disposable tableware:

25.24.2 - Manufacture of plastic tableware and kitchen utensils and toiletries

No special permissions or licenses are required to organize a business. However, it should be taken into account that the finished product will require a certificate of conformity with its standards imposed by SanPin and GOST.

Where to locate production

As a rule, most enterprises engaged in production are located on the outskirts of settlements. The following factors speak in favor of this location:

• Larger in comparison with buildings located in the city, the choice of suitable parameters (area, power supply, etc.) of the premises
• Lower rent
• The absence of complaints from the residents of nearby residential buildings about the noise produced, the smell, the approaching cars, etc.

The area of ​​the factory for the production of disposable tableware must be selected taking into account the fact that the following buildings should be located in one building:

• Manufacturing facility
• Stock finished products
• Raw material warehouse
• Staff room
• Administrative office for customer service

Taking into account the peculiarities of production and the raw materials used for it, the following criteria are presented to the workshop:

• The floor must be filled with concrete or tiled
• Ceiling heights in industrial premises must be at least 4.5 m - this is due to the equipment installed in it
• The walls must be finished with fireproof material to a height of at least 1.5 m
• The workshop must have a ventilation system and be connected to the water supply network
• The electrical network of the workshop must have 3 phases (380 volts)

As I said above, production is divided into full and incomplete cycles. Equipment for the production of disposable tableware in a full cycle includes:

• Granulator
• crusher
• extruder
• Thermoforming line (or punch presses instead)
• Packing line

For an incomplete production cycle, only the last two items from this list are needed.

Depending on the type of product being produced, additional equipment may be required. So, for example, the production of plastic cups will require:

• Apparatus for bending the top edge of cups
• Cup counting and packing machine
• Special printers for printing on dishes advertising inscriptions and images

The manufacture of plastic cutlery - forks, spoons, knives will require the purchase of bulk molds. A complete set of equipment can cost 5-7 million rubles, not counting other expenses for organizing a business - rent for premises, purchases of raw materials, etc.

A few words must be said regarding the choice of equipment. Firstly, you can always try to save money by purchasing used devices. But no one will give you a guarantee that such equipment for the production of plastic utensils will not require repairs every month. The second question concerns equipment manufacturers. Making a choice between domestic and foreign offers is quite simple - you just need to correlate the price, warranty period, and reviews of previous customers, and everything will become clear to you.

Recruitment

Recruitment is a little more difficult. The professions of operators of such production lines are not taught anywhere, so you will have to train specialists yourself. However, many equipment manufacturers offer their customers training on how to work on their equipment.

In conclusion, I want to say that even despite the huge investments in the implementation of this project, its payback is (of course, with a competent approach to business) only about 1 year. So if you want to start similar production and shortage start-up capital you can think about obtaining credit funds from banks or from private investors. How to borrow money correctly can be found here -. And for today I have everything. I wish you success in business!

And here is how the stages of production of disposable tableware look like

One of the most profitable business lines is the manufacture of disposable tableware. People use plastic utensils when having picnics outside the city, on various trips, at children's parties, so the demand for this product is not declining, and this type of product will remain in demand for many years to come. The difference between this type of dishes from porcelain and glass is its light weight, ease of transportation and low price.

Our business valuation:

Starting investment - 20,000,000 rubles.

Market saturation is high.

The complexity of starting a business is 8/10.

Reasons for choosing this niche

Many people are mistaken, claiming that the production of plastic tableware is exclusively seasonal business. In practice, entrepreneurs have proven that this type of business is year-round, the reason for this is that people use dishes intended for one use all the time.

This type of business is highly profitable. The main advantages of plastic utensils are its hygiene and safety. The use of this type of plates, containers, glasses and cutlery saves time for putting things in order after various festive events.

A business in the production of disposable tableware involves the use of high-tech equipment that allows you to receive goods High Quality. The line for the production of disposable tableware, which is located at the enterprise, allows the production of glasses of various capacities, as well as bowls, plates of various sizes, straws for drinks, cutlery and other disposable products.

The entrepreneur should understand that there are the following types of customers:

• people who buy goods for seasonal picnics, celebrations, events;
• owners of catering outlets, lunch delivery services, cafes, as well as owners of drinks and oxygen cocktails.

The second clients are more often carried out wholesale trade disposable tableware.

It is noted that at first it is difficult to sell disposable plastic tableware in the "young" business, since it is necessary to form a customer base. Only high quality goods can attract potential buyers. It is important to hire an experienced advertising manager who can promote the business and form a customer base.

Important stages of production organization

In order for a business to make a profit, it is necessary to complete several important steps for this:

• register a business;
• buy equipment;
• find employees.

How to register a business?

To open a factory for the production of disposable tableware in Russia, it is necessary to legally register a soybean entrepreneurial activity completing the relevant documents. When choosing between an individual entrepreneur and an LLC, one should focus on the expected profit from production. A form of business in the form of an individual entrepreneur is registered if it is supposed small production. If an entrepreneur is going to establish big business, then an LLC is formed (a company with limited liability). The advantages of the latter are greater trust of partners in the founder of production, a simplified taxation system, as well as the possibility of obtaining significant discounts on raw materials for the manufacture of disposable plastic tableware.

To carry out the sale of manufactured products, it is mandatory to obtain a certificate that confirms the compliance of the goods with the established standards in accordance with GOST.

Where is the production located?

The workshop should be located outside the city. The mini plant has an area of ​​about 100 m². Of these, 70 m² is an industrial workshop, 15 m² is a warehouse, the remaining 15 m² are utility rooms and a bathroom. For a large production, an area of ​​600 m² will suffice.

The room where food disposable plastic utensils will be produced should have the following parameters:

• 3-4 m - minimum ceiling height;
• the floor is filled with concrete or tiles are laid on it;
• three-phase electrical network;
• availability of ventilation ducts, sewerage and water supply;
• treatment of walls with refractory liquids up to 2 meters high from the floor.

The plant should also be equipped with utility and storage facilities.

What raw materials need to be purchased?

Raw materials for disposable tableware must be of high quality. You will need polystyrene, it is sold in granules, its price varies within 25 thousand rubles per ton. In order for the products to be colored, you should buy color additives. Another material for the production of disposable tableware is also needed - polyethylene film. If you compare store shelves with plastic and paper utensils, you can see that the cost of the latter is quite high, so the demand for it is somewhat lower than for its plastic counterparts, which is why the business of manufacturing products from thermoplastics will become the most profitable.

Difficulties in recruiting workers

The search for personnel can be carried out through advertisements on the Internet and newspapers, however, it is rather difficult to find responsible employees in this way. There are no special courses for training in the management of the production of disposable tableware. However, almost all equipment suppliers offer entrepreneurs training for their staff on favorable conditions. They need to sign an agreement with them. after-sales service technology.

Selection of equipment for production

The initial question that a businessman asks is what kind of equipment to buy for the production of disposable tableware. The highest quality lines are those made in Germany and the USA, but their price is high, so they can be replaced with analogues from Korea. However, they have lower production capacity. For production, you will also need an injection molding machine. To obtain blank sheets from granular raw materials, you need to purchase an extruder. You will also need molding machines for the production of disposable tableware and a compressor.

The production cycle can be complete or incomplete. The first involves melting the pellets and making the film. The second excludes the preparatory stage of its production, since it is purchased as a raw material, in the form of rolls. Therefore, the following set of equipment is required:

• automatic machine designed for stacking and packaging products;
• granulator;
• extruder.

Subsequent equipment is purchased in accordance with the selected type of dishes. You will need the following products:

• automatic machine for bending the upper edge;
• packing machine;
• image printers, etc.

For the manufacture of thick cutlery, pouring molds are needed. A diverse range guarantees greater business success, so you should purchase lines that integrate with a large number of thermoforming machines. Such a complex of equipment will make it possible to manufacture products of various types.

Approximate cost of equipment

The price of equipment is high, for example, only an injection molding machine costs about 1 million rubles. Entrepreneurs estimate the price of entering the disposable tableware market at least 20 million rubles. This is due to the fact that it will not be possible to limit oneself to one automatic machine if it is planned not only to win back its part of the market, but also to develop further. Most of the costs are the purchase of an extruder that produces sheets from granulate.

Also can be sold disposable tableware with custom logo. This type of business is especially relevant at present for various celebrations, presentations and events. Glasses are great advertising medium. The corporate logo on the dishes helps to maintain the corporate style and promotes goods or services on the market.

Stages of production technology

Depending on what products are planned to be produced, two technologies are distinguished: molding and casting. The latter method produces dishes with thick walls. The casting process takes a long time, Money. It should be noted that the weight of an ordinary cup with a volume of 200 ml is 3 g, made by injection molding - up to 10 g.

There is a more cost-effective technology for the production of disposable tableware, molding, with the release of up to 30 million cups per month, which consists of the following steps:

1. Purchased early raw materials are sent to the extruder.
2. In the extruder, the granules are melted, and the resulting mass is mixed. Having formed the desired consistency, the viscous liquid passes through the press, resulting in a plastic sheet, the thickness of which is approximately 2 mm. On this stage a uniform thickness of future dishes is formed.
3. The film is heated in a 3-meter oven.
4. The resulting mass enters the thermoforming machine, where the shape of the products is formed.
5. Glasses, plates and other products are fed into the trimmer, where they are cut from the common web using a punching press.
6. Film scraps are recycled, so production is waste-free.
7. The trimmer distributes the product into a special apparatus, which stacks it and sends it to the conveyor belt.
8. The belt transports the dishes for packaging or for subsequent transformation.

Thus, the disposable tableware business is profitable and cost-effective, but requires large financial investments.

Probably, every person in our country met with disposable tableware. And it does not matter at all what it was made of: paper or plastic. Before we find out what equipment for the production of disposable tableware should be purchased, let's figure out why it is worth doing it.

Advantages of the presented products

So, among the advantages we can distinguish the following:

• ease of use;
• very low cost;
• environmental Safety;
• convenience;
• high demand.

Naturally, equipment for the production of disposable tableware cannot be called simple, as it is capable of performing dozens of different operations. However, the amount of possible income completely covers any shortcomings.

What are the dishes made from?

Naturally, in order to stamp products, you must first purchase raw materials. For production, both paper and polyethylene can be used. Moreover, in the second case, the production is cheaper. However, paper tableware is safer.

Purchase of raw materials should be made from several trusted suppliers. In addition, recyclable materials are excellent for such production, the cost of which is very small. If you decide to choose polyethylene, then keep in mind that making dishes from it is quite difficult. However, the products are more durable and can be used in a microwave oven.

What equipment is needed for work?

In order to organize your own workshop, you need to know what equipment for the production of disposable tableware should be purchased. So, you will need:

• injection molding machine (designed to work with polypropylene and polystyrene);
• thermoforming machine;
• extruder - thanks to it, flat sheets can be obtained from polyethylene granules;
• packing table;
• crusher - used for grinding recyclables;
• chiller - this machine for the production of disposable tableware provides cooling of workpieces;
• compressor.

In principle, this equipment is quite enough to start a business. Then you can expand and buy more powerful and functional machines.

How to choose the right equipment?

This question is not too difficult. First you need to decide on the parameters of the machines, and then look for a suitable model. For example, for a start, you will be more fully satisfied with low-power equipment with average performance.

However, even it is not so cheap. Therefore, for starters, it is quite possible to use used machines. Naturally, they should be in good condition, and not break down every week. But here's how lucky.

If you decide to purchase a new line, then please note that you should order a machine for the production of disposable tableware only from a trusted manufacturer who enjoys a positive reputation.

When choosing, try to carefully consider all the devices. The seller must provide you with all necessary accompanying certificates.

Features of the production of polyethylene dishes

It is cheaper both in production and on the market. The manufacturing process of such material is quite complicated. It consists of the following steps:

1. To begin with, the sorted raw material in the form of granules is thrown into the extruder, where, under the influence high temperature turns into a homogeneous semi-liquid mass. Mixing inside the bunker is carried out with the help of an auger.

2. The resulting mass is squeezed out through a thin slot. The result is a long and wide sheet, the thickness of which varies within a few millimeters. It all depends on how the shafts are configured, and they must work accurately and correctly. If you have a functional extruder, then with its help you can get a multilayer film. In any case, its thickness should be the same throughout its entire length.

As you can see, the manufacturing process is quite complicated. Machines must be operated by experienced operators who can operate automatic system using the remote control. Naturally, strict safety rules must be observed during work.

Features of the manufacture of dishes from laminated cardboard

First of all, it should be noted that equipment for the production of disposable paper tableware is produced only abroad. The fact is that in our country such a business is not very popular, due to the rather high cost of primary raw materials. However, if you still decide to do this, then look for German, American, Korean or Chinese devices.

Your company may be registered as IP or LLC, for a small plant it is enough to open an IP.

Suitable code OKVED - 22.29— Manufacture of other plastic products.

note on regulatory requirements for manufactured goods: in particular, on GOST R 50962-96, which regulates the production of plastic products for household purposes.

room

Mini factory for the production of disposable tableware takes about 100 square meters. Of these, 70 sq. m - industrial workshop, 15 sq. m - a warehouse, the remaining 15 - utility rooms and a bathroom.

Mandatory requirements for the premises

• Ceiling height from 3-4 meters;
• The floor is tiled or concrete;
• Three-phase electrical network;
• Ventilation, sewerage, water supply;
• Wall decoration with fire-resistant materials.

Renting a building will require approximately 300-400 $ per month, cosmetic repairs - about $ 2,000.

Production technology of disposable tableware

There are two main ways: casting and molding. Casting is necessary to obtain thick-walled containers: thick plates, wine glasses, piles, glasses, etc.

The molding method is suitable for the usual one, the equipment for it is cheaper, and the cost of production is lower.

The production of disposable plastic tableware includes the following steps:

1. The raw material is fed into the extruder, where it melts and mixes under the influence of high temperature. Standard color is white. If colored containers are made, then colored polystyrene granules are added at this stage;
2. The resulting mixture is passed through a screw press, turning into a plastic sheet 1-2 mm thick. Important condition– uniform thickness of the product. It is achieved by careful tuning of the shafts, turning the mass into a solid canvas (you need to monitor the temperature of the mass and the frequency of the beating of the shafts). When working with polystyrene, it is easier to achieve a uniform thickness than with polypropylene. Therefore, the productivity on polypropylene drops by 20%, and the consumption of raw materials also increases;
3. The finished and heated sheet in the oven is sent to a thermoforming machine (aka vacuum forming). At this stage, blanks are made: the canvas passes through certain molds (depending on the type of finished product - a plate, a cup, a fork, etc.). With the help of a press, blanks of the desired shape are squeezed out of the film;
4. In the trimmer, the punch press cuts out extruded blanks from a common web. With help special devices(depending on the type of product) the final processing of the product takes place: for example, bending the upper edge of the cups;
5. Finished product packaging.

Remaining plastic film after punching finished products can be used in the next working cycle. This is a truly waste-free process.

Equipment for the production of disposable tableware

Plastic containers are made from granules that must first be melted (full production cycle) or from finished film, which is already bought in rolls (partial cycle).

Consider a set of machines for organizing a full cycle:

• Extruder for making plastic sheet from granulate;
• Granulator and crusher;
• Thermoforming apparatus (punching presses);
• Press forms;
• Packing machine.

On average, a line for the production of disposable tableware costs 5-20 thousand dollars.

The most expensive are European machines, so many entrepreneurs stop at options for Chinese, Taiwanese, and domestic brands.

Best Lines

• Longkou Deyi Machinery Co.,Ltd . (China). With the release of 500 cups/hour or 350 plates/hour, the price will be about $ 5,000 without molds (about $ 2,000 more);
• Arc Automation(Israel): from 1000 units/hour, cost - from $10,000;
• Japan Steel Works(Japan): from 2500 units/hour, price - from $17-18,000;
• Capuletti(Europe): from 2000 units/hour, cost - about 15-20 thousand dollars for a full cycle line;
• « Rostechno» (Russia): 1000-6000 units/hour at a price of 10-24 thousand dollars.

Good way to save and get good equipment - find used machines of European brands.

For example, a line from Dalaker (Germany) with a set of molds and a capacity of around 2 million units of dishes per month is offered on the secondary market for 15-17 thousand dollars.

In the calculations, we will focus on the option with equipment of average productivity in the price range of 10-11 thousand dollars. You will produce approximately 500,000 cups, 250,000 plates and 600,000 forks and spoons per month.

Raw materials for the production of disposable tableware

The best option– use of polypropylene or polystyrene in granules. In this case, a ton of consumables costs about $300, while a ton of plastic film costs about $700.

You can buy raw materials in Russian companies: "TIS", "Germatrti" (including colored granules), "RosEcoPlast", "EuroPlast", "Vista", "Plast-plus".

To produce 1.3 million units of goods per month, 7-8 tons of polystyrene granulate ($2,200) will be needed.

Staff

To work in two shifts you need to hire a manager, a technologist, four workers, a cleaner, two loaders. Accounting is outsourced. Monthly salary fund - $ 4,000. Employees are required to have health certificates.

Costs and profits

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