Since the demand for quality clothing is constantly growing, clothing industry brings its owners a good income. To properly organize such a business, you need to take into account a lot of different nuances. We will talk about where to start sewing production in this article.
Choosing a direction
Before opening a sewing business, carefully analyze the market in your region. Thanks to this, you can decide what exactly to sew and for whom. You will have to spend a lot of time on such research, so be patient and look for your gold mine.
The market is constantly changing, so you need to carefully monitor which goods are in greater demand than supply, as well as which product items can be sold at a higher price. low prices. Try to use only reliable data for your research, since the success of your enterprise largely depends on it.
If your financial capabilities allow you, seek help from specialists who will help you figure out how to open a sewing business from scratch. It is better to spend money at the start than to suffer serious losses in the future.
After that, think about where you can sell the finished products. This could be a clothing store, a market outlet, or wholesale buyers. At the same time, we should not forget that sellers also want to receive good profit, so offer them products at affordable prices.
The most popular types of sewing production:
- Baby clothes;
- Bed sheets;
- Teen stuff;
- Clothes for adults.
If you do not have experience in this area, hire a qualified assistant-consultant who will calculate the costs and advise whether it is worth launching a particular product into mass production.
Business registration
Let's figure out step by step how to officially register a sewing production as a small business:
- Registration of legal or individual. After you decide on the organizational and legal form of the enterprise, as a rule, it is an individual entrepreneur or LLC, you should submit a package of documents to the tax office. They will be reviewed within 5 working days, after which the decision of government agencies will be announced to you. If it is positive, you will be issued a certificate of registration;
- Making a seal. You will have to spend about 500 rubles on this. Another 2,000 rubles will be needed to open a bank account;
- Decor permitting documents in SES, Rospotrebnadzor and Gospozhnadzor.
Scheme: sewing production
Selection and arrangement of premises
If you decide to organize sewing production as a business, first of all you need to find suitable premises. A small business can be placed on 50-70 sq. meters. This is quite enough to install all the necessary equipment.
It is most convenient to rent a room in an industrial area on the outskirts of the city. In this case, you can find an inexpensive option that meets all technical requirements.
Do not forget that the equipment for sewing production operates on 380V. In addition, the SES and fire inspection may impose certain requirements for the premises. All this must be taken into account at the start, so as not to redo anything in the process of work.
Workshop equipment
If you are planning to open a sewing production, the business plan should include the costs of purchasing the following equipment:- Cutting machine;
- Overlock;
- Ironing device;
- Button machine;
- Cutting knife;
- Tables;
- Cutting equipment.
Since the sewing production technology for different products is practically no different, all sewing enterprises are equipped with the same equipment.
Staff
The success of the sewing business largely depends on the qualifications of seamstresses and their professionalism. The selection of personnel is a crucial stage, which should be given Special attention. Each employee must have some experience in the sewing industry. In addition, seamstresses must be polite towards clients.
If you can't find qualified employees, hire two professionals who can train new workers. Having received necessary knowledge, they will be able to work no worse than specialists.
Range
The price segment of manufactured products largely depends on the place in which you work. If it is a small provincial town, you should not sew expensive designer clothes. Choose simple, accessible models that can be implemented at an affordable price.
The profit of an enterprise can be increased through mass sales. But we shouldn’t forget about our competitors. Before you start production, ask what fabrics they use to make their products and at what price they sell them. Thanks to this, you will be able to correctly formulate your assortment in order to receive a good income.
If there are several large enterprises tailoring, it is better to choose another line of activity for yourself. In addition, the financial capabilities of potential buyers should be taken into account. For example, in rural areas, where people receive small salaries, trade expensive things impractical.
Financial calculations
Sewing business, like any other business, requires certain financial investments. You need to allocate 250 thousand rubles to purchase equipment. You will need another 50 thousand rubles for fabric and consumables. In addition, you need to pay for the rent of the premises and pay salaries to employees.Experienced businessmen advise not to save on the purchase of equipment and fabrics, since the goods Low quality may remain unclaimed and you will suffer serious losses. It is better to buy consumables from regular, trusted suppliers.
It is possible to organize such a business with minimal capital investment. If you have never done sewing, you should not risk a large sum right away. Rent a small space, buy used equipment and get to work. When the business begins to develop, you can rent more spacious premises and re-equip the enterprise with expensive sewing machines.
Advertising
Everyone knows that without advertising you cannot succeed in any type of business. Therefore, care should be taken to advertising campaign was organized at a high level. Thanks to this, potential customers will learn about your products faster.
In order for the sewing business to bring good income, you need to produce high-quality goods that will be in demand among consumers. Don't leave any little thing unattended as it can have a devastating impact on your business.
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Sales of finished products
Many novice entrepreneurs make a serious mistake at the start. When drawing up a business plan for clothing production, they forget to include a sales clause in it finished products. A person spends money on purchasing equipment, consumables and salaries for seamstresses, but the finished product lies in the warehouse unclaimed and, accordingly, does not bring any profit. As a result, the entrepreneur is forced to take out loans to pay wages and pay rent. Debts grow, and after a certain time the company has to declare bankruptcy.
To prevent this from happening, sales of finished products must significantly outstrip production. Experienced entrepreneurs who have been working in this field for a long time believe that it is better to start such a business with one sewing machine. If you work to order, regular customers will appear, thanks to which you will be able to determine the need for certain group goods. When the number of orders begins to grow, you can expand the business to a sewing workshop.
Distribution channels should be established before you even open a business. Finished products can be delivered to stores, as well as sold on the market and on the Internet. You can also create your own website for this. When the business begins to develop, you can try to enter into agreements with chain stores located throughout the country. At first, focus on markets and local clothing stores.
conclusions
To open a successful sewing business, you must first become familiar with all the features of this industry. If you do not have such experience, invite a professional consultant. He will help you select an assortment, purchase equipment and set up the production process.
If you are interested in sewing, have skills in working with various materials, follow fashion and like to create interesting things with your own hands, you should consider your hobby as a source of income. You can open a small workshop even at home, with a minimum set of equipment. If the activity is organized correctly, the income from such an enterprise will provide for the maintenance of an entire family. And if part of the money earned is constantly invested in the development of the business, then over time you can build an entire factory and open your own retail outlets. In this article we will talk about how to start from scratch sewing business, and consider the most interesting ideas in this domain.
The first thing you need to do when you decide to open your own workshop is to decide on the direction of your activity. At home, you can do individual tailoring or small-scale production.
Producing various garments in small batches for free sale is a more risky business, but at the same time more promising. Small-scale tailoring is an unlimited space for the embodiment of any creative and design ideas. In addition, this is an opportunity to work not only with private clients, but also with retail retail outlets, Internet sites, etc.
Before you open a sewing business from scratch, you also have to resolve the issue with the target audience. You must clearly represent the portrait of your end user. Monitor the garment market, study your potential competitors. Find out what is most often bought, in what price category, what customers lack, what they are satisfied / dissatisfied with. This will allow you not only to present the big picture, but also to understand what can be done to stand out from the competition.
Another important stage is choosing a segment. You shouldn’t take on everything at once, try to stop at some narrow specialization, on what is in demand in your city. Let's consider current ideas sewing business that can be implemented at home.
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Home Sewing Business Ideas
When thinking about what is best to sew, of course, you should take into account your existing skills and experience. But at the same time, don't be afraid to try something new. Take the time to attend all kinds of courses and master classes. At such events you can not only get interesting ideas and learn how to make beautiful and fashionable things at home, but also learn about the most effective ways to promote products.
Sewing clothes and/or accessories for children
Branded foreign clothing for children, widely represented on the shelves of chain stores, often has an unreasonably high price. Many parents, not wanting to overpay for a label with a well-promoted trademark, opt for cheaper, but no less high-quality options offered by domestic manufacturers. Beginning entrepreneurs have every chance to take their place in the market.
You can start a sewing business for making children's clothes either at home, carrying out complete assembly of products yourself, or at the factory, giving orders (ready-made sketches, patterns, fabric, accessories) to craftsmen for conveyor production.
- Baby Clothing;
- underwear for children of different age groups;
- pajamas;
- school uniform;
- children's bedding;
- sets for cribs (sideboards, canopies, pillows and blankets for babies);
- accessories for newborns (discharge envelopes, slings, kangaroo backpacks);
- carnival costumes.
You can make good money in any of these areas. According to reviews from entrepreneurs involved in small production children's clothing and accessories, the profitability of such a business is from 120 to 130%. Although this indicator largely depends on volumes. The main condition for success in this business is impeccable quality, attractive appearance and safety of finished products.
Curtains are an integral part of any interior, they are associated with comfort and coziness. The abundance of tulle and curtain fabrics, a large selection of decorative fittings and a variety of design solutions for the design of curtains allow skilled craftsmen to create real masterpieces.
Important! Sewing curtains to order involves not only making models from the client’s materials. An integrated approach is important in this matter.
If you want to occupy your niche in the market and compete with existing salons, then you need to visit sites, take measurements, think through various options and offer sketches to customers, select materials, sew and hang finished products on windows.
All your work must be photographed and presented in the form of a portfolio. Having completed several successful orders, you will ensure a flow of new clients who will contact you based on recommendations.
The cost of sewing curtains for decorating a standard window averages from 5 to 15 thousand rubles, depending on the complexity of the design. Additional income can come from selling fabrics and accessories.
Sewing women's clothing at home
One of the most interesting, profitable and promising options for the clothing business is tailoring women's clothing to order. Custom tailoring is always popular with many customers because it has a number of advantages over buying mass-produced ready-made garments. Tailor-made dresses, blouses, skirts, trousers, suits take into account the characteristics of the figure, meet taste preferences, are distinguished by their uniqueness, and in some cases are cheaper. Therefore, a good seamstress, who also has clothing design skills, will never be left without orders.
Important! Individual tailoring requires maximum involvement of both the master and the client in the process. Before you start sewing, you need to agree with the customer on every detail: cut, style, cut, finishing, color design, etc.
The cost of services will depend on the complexity of the cut, the quality of materials and the level of your skill. It is recommended to start with simple and not too expensive models. In the first months of operation, such activities usually bring a profit of about 10-12 thousand rubles. The first customers are friends, relatives and acquaintances. Then, gradually, with the help of so-called word of mouth, the circle of clients expands, and, accordingly, income grows.
Costs of starting a business
Before you open a sewing machine, you will need to purchase a minimum set of equipment. However, if you are into sewing, chances are you already have everything you need. The kit, with which you can implement all of the above ideas, includes:
- sewing machine;
- overlock;
- cutting table;
- ironing board;
- iron;
- steam generator;
- work equipment (scissors, set of needles, etc.).
The amount you spend on equipment will depend on its functionality and manufacturer. If you follow the rule of the "golden mean", that is, buy the average in quality and price, then you can meet the amount of about 80 thousand rubles.
In addition to equipment and inventory, you will need at least a small supply of materials, fabric samples, and accessories, a mannequin. All this will cost another 10 thousand rubles.
If you plan to immediately apply for status individual entrepreneur in order to transfer your activities to a legal field, you will need to pay a state registration fee of 800 rubles (see).
It is also desirable to set aside part of the money for advertising, transportation costs, training and advanced training. If you take it as a whole, then, having about 100 thousand rubles, you can safely start with a small home sewing workshop.
How to sell products and develop a business
To get your client, you need to make yourself known. Offer your services to friends and acquaintances, make discounts, give away Business Cards with contact details and list of services. Yes, at first it will be unprofitable, you may not earn anything on such orders. But each of your customers will have their own social circle, each of them will recommend you as a good craftsman to their friends and acquaintances. Gradually you will be able to build a client base.
"Word of mouth" is an inexpensive and effective method advertising. But in order to short time to acquire a sufficient number of customers, it alone is not enough. Use internet advertising. Be sure to create accounts focused on your products in all popular in social networks. Place photos of the most successful, in your opinion, works in your profile. Don't list prices, but mention discounts. Find information on the Internet about how to properly and effectively promote products and services on social networks, and take action!
As you grow your sewing business, the need for more active promotion will arise. Then you can think about creating your own online store (see,).
As for development, experts recommend setting aside part of the money earned (approximately 50% of profits) from the very beginning of business to expand the business. Each direction will have its own perspectives. So, if you successfully sew curtains, then in the future you will be able to open an interior design studio (see) or a store where you will sell tulle and curtain fabrics, cornices, blinds and ready-made solutions for window decoration. If you intend to carry out individual tailoring of women's clothing, then in the future you will be able to create your own modeling agency or large atelier.
There are many opportunities and ways to develop a clothing business. In any case, home space and one’s own resources are no longer enough here. You will need a separate room where you can organize workplaces for employees and install additional pieces of equipment. How and when to expand, you will feel it yourself in the process of work.
The domestic clothing market is overflowing with products from Chinese, Turkish and Polish manufacturers. However, these products are not always characterized by acceptable quality: the parameters of the models do not correspond to figure standards, the size range differs from the generally accepted one, and the quality of tailoring leaves much to be desired. In this situation, buyers are increasingly paying attention to affordable and high-quality products made in local factories.
When drawing up a business plan for clothing production, you need to determine for which consumer the products will be intended. At the initial stage, an entrepreneur should definitely not compete with well-known world brands and focus on a wealthy audience spoiled by the attention of designers - it is better to give preference to the middle segment, in which for the buyer the quality of an item is much more important than the inscription on the tag.
Business Features
Entrepreneur who creates even small production, must understand that this area requires serious training and knowledge of the specifics of the industry. The reason is that many tailors who have successfully implemented the ideas of a tailoring business at home or have experience in tailoring are moving to the next stage of development and opening their own private factories. To compete with such workshops, one must have not only organizational, but also creative abilities.Specialization seems to be another important factor: it is rather difficult to cover even three or four areas within a small enterprise. In addition, when producing heterogeneous products, productivity suffers greatly: seamstresses who are forced to constantly switch between operations different types, cannot concentrate on work and ensure the proper speed of technological processes. Therefore, before launching the workshop, it is necessary to conduct a qualitative study and determine what is better to sew: the clothing business will be profitable only if the focus is on the most popular types of products.
There are two main production models that an entrepreneur can successfully combine when developing a business concept. The first involves work to order: designers and companies that develop New Product, but do not have the available capacity to manufacture it. In this case, products are released under a third-party brand, which eliminates the cost of promoting it and allows you not to think about sales channels.
When implementing the second model, the enterprise goes through a full cycle, starting with development new products and ending with its sale under its own brand. An entrepreneur who chooses this path must clearly understand the quantitative and qualitative composition of the target audience, to attract which it is necessary to regularly conduct marketing activities. In this case, the attention of potential buyers can be focused on the following factors:
- Quality. The owner evaluates the quality of the item based on many criteria, paying attention to the fabric, threads, accessories, fit, behavior during washing and ironing. It is believed that high-quality clothing should be beautiful, practical and reliable at the same time;
- Price policy. The price of a thing must correspond to its quality - no one will buy expensive consumer goods, but high-quality clothing cannot be cheap either. Unreasonable deviations from the market price most often cause doubts and suspicions among consumers;
- Demand. You shouldn’t get too carried away with the release of exclusive or elite designer models - people buy simple things much more often: a shirt, skirt, jeans or underwear.
Production technology
The process of organizing a sewing business must take place in accordance with generally accepted technology industrial production clothes, including the following stages of product creation:
- Design. The fashion designer develops sketches of the future product, selects the type of fabric, accessories and colors;
- Construction. Based on sketches, the designer develops drawings, determines the dimensions of parts, and then creates patterns and technical documentation;
- Open. Next, the cutter starts to work. Using patterns, he transfers the details of the product onto the fabric and cuts them out using scissors or cutting units;
- Sewing. Seamstresses finish the edges and then sew the pieces together according to the instructions. At this stage, two methods of labor distribution are used: in the first case, each master sews the product completely, from start to finish, while in the second, the seamstress performs one or two simple operations, and then passes the semi-finished product further along the conveyor;
- Finishing. Operators of auxiliary mechanisms sew buttons, zippers, install rivets and complete the finishing of the product;
- Package. A quality control employee checks the product for compliance with quality requirements, attaches tags to it, and then transfers the product to the warehouse.
Business registration
Entrepreneurs working from home usually do not pay attention to the issues of registering an enterprise and draw up business plans for sewing studios without taking into account tax payments. However, larger-scale production, which employs hired workers, must be legalized. This procedure consists of several simple steps:- Submitting an application in the prescribed form to the Federal Tax Service;
- Registration with tax authorities;
- Choosing an appropriate taxation system;
- Registration in the Pension Fund and the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund;
- Conclusion of rental agreements production premises, disinfestation, garbage removal, recycling of fluorescent lamps and washing of workwear;
- Obtaining work permits from the SES and State Fire Inspectorate;
- Production of company seals;
- Opening a current account.
Businessmen registering a small workshop can choose one of the available forms of ownership - individual entrepreneur or LLC. Before you start a sewing business from scratch, you should study the differences between them and choose the most suitable option:
Comparative characteristics of forms of ownership
| Form | IP | OOO |
| State duty | 800 rub. | 4000 rub. |
| Application for registration | form P21001 | form 11001 |
| Application for transition to the simplified tax system or UTII | + | + |
| Minutes of the meeting on the creation of the SPD | – | + |
| Copies of passports | + | + |
| SPD Charter | – | + |
| Owner's insurance premiums | + | – |
| Authorized fund | – | 10,000 rub. |
| Number of owners | one owner | up to 50 |
| Profit distribution | optional | dividends |
| Registration in funds | when hiring workers | Necessarily |
| Limits of owner's responsibility | personal property | LLC property |
Workshop premises
When looking for a place to locate a workshop, entrepreneurs have to explore dozens of options: creating a sewing business involves using a well-lit, heated room with comfortable conditions for workers. Therefore, mini-factories are often opened on the basis of old administrative buildings, closed kindergartens and schools: the main requirement is the presence of a spacious hall for arranging the production area, as well as several smaller rooms - here you need to equip administrative offices, a bathroom, a dining room and a warehouse.
The location of the enterprise does not affect its status: preference should be given to suburbs, industrial zones and residential areas with low rent. Before organizing a sewing business, you must make sure transport accessibility production - otherwise the entrepreneur will have to buy or hire a bus for daily transportation of employees.
The business plan for a small sewing workshop with a monthly turnover of 1.7–2 million rubles should include the rental or purchase of premises that meet the following requirements:
Sufficient area. The area standards for each seamstress are 4–6 m² when producing products from light fabrics, and 7–8 m² when sewing outerwear. It is also necessary to allocate space for walkways, install auxiliary equipment, organize a workplace for a fashion designer and cutters. The final layout of the 210 m² room will include:
- Production area for ten seamstresses - 100 m²;
- Cutting area - 25 m²;
- Ironing space - 15 m²;
- Fashion designer's office - 15 m²;
- Office of the director and accountant - 13 m²;
- Rest and meal room - 20 m²;
- Warehouse - 20 m²;
- Bathroom - 2 m²;
- Electricity supply. Total power consumed sewing equipment workshops of the specified sizes can reach 18 kW. In addition, some machines require connection to a three-phase line with a voltage of 380 V;
- Water supply. According to hygienic requirements, the premises must be connected to water supply and sewerage lines;
- Lighting. Working with sewing machine requires high precision of operations and good coordination of movements. Therefore, the illumination at the desktop level should not be lower than 750 lux. For local illumination of the working area, LED or fluorescent lamps are additionally used;
- Microclimate. For this type of work, the temperature in the room in winter should be between 19–25 ° C with a maximum humidity of 75%. In summer, an increase to 27°C is allowed with a humidity of 55–60%. In any case, the air flow speed should not exceed 0.2–0.5 m/s.
sewing machines
When developing a business plan for a sewing workshop with calculations, an entrepreneur may encounter a huge variety existing species equipment: there are more than a dozen types of overlockers from each manufacturer. In order to draw up the correct specification, it is necessary to choose in advance the main profile of the enterprise: for sewing leather jackets, a slightly different set of machines is required than for sewing bed linen.
Before you open a sewing business, you should also purchase various racks for fabric, threads and trimmings, brackets for patterns and hangers for finished products, equip the workplaces of a manager, accountant and fashion designer.
Sewing shop equipment
| Name | price, rub. | Quantity, pcs. | Cost, rub. |
| Production | |||
| Straight stitch sewing machine | 19800 | 6 | 118800 |
| Knitting sewing machine | 20300 | 3 | 60900 |
| Hemming sewing machine | 28500 | 1 | 28500 |
| Overlock | 33500 | 2 | 67000 |
| Riveting machine | 40700 | 1 | 40700 |
| Loop machine | 68600 | 1 | 68600 |
| Button machine | 40100 | 1 | 40100 |
| Accessories for machines (needles, belts, presser feet) | – | – | 5000 |
| Sewing machine table | 2800 | 10 | 28000 |
| Overlock table | 2800 | 2 | 5600 |
| Interoperational conveyor | 6200 | 8 | 49600 |
| Table for additional equipment | 3600 | 3 | 10800 |
| Basket for finished products | 2500 | 10 | 25000 |
| Dummy | 4700 | 2 | 9400 |
| Ironing system | 40600 | 1 | 40600 |
| Steam generator | 6500 | 1 | 6500 |
| Clothes rack | 2500 | 10 | 25000 |
| Ironing press | 15600 | 1 | 15600 |
| Warehouse rack | 3500 | 5 | 17500 |
| Packing table | 2500 | 1 | 2500 |
| Ceiling lighting | 1200 | 10 | 12000 |
| Sewing machine light | 1350 | 15 | 20250 |
| Air conditioner | 35000 | 1 | 35000 |
| Cutting shop | |||
| Cutting table 1.8x4 m | 34500 | 1 | 34500 |
| Tailoring tools | – | – | 5000 |
| Bracket for patterns | 8500 | 1 | 8500 |
| Rotary knife | 15600 | 1 | 15600 |
| Fabric rack | 3500 | 2 | 7000 |
| Ceiling lighting | 1200 | 6 | 7200 |
| Workplace fashion designer | |||
| PC or laptop | 18000 | 1 | 18000 |
| Printer for printing patterns | 8000 | 1 | 8000 |
| Dummy | 4700 | 2 | 9400 |
| Ceiling lighting | 1200 | 4 | 4800 |
| Table lamp | 1500 | 1 | 1500 |
| Work table | 3500 | 1 | 3500 |
| Chair | 1100 | 2 | 2200 |
| Stationery | – | – | 1000 |
| Office | |||
| Director's PC | 18000 | 1 | 18000 |
| Accountant's PC | 18000 | 1 | 18000 |
| MFP | 10000 | 1 | 10000 |
| Telephone set | 1500 | 2 | 3000 |
| Network router | 2000 | 1 | 2000 |
| Internet access line | 1000 | 1 | 1000 |
| Ceiling lighting | 1200 | 4 | 4800 |
| Table lamp | 1500 | 2 | 3000 |
| Air conditioner | 16000 | 1 | 16000 |
| Work table | 3500 | 2 | 7000 |
| Chair | 1100 | 4 | 4400 |
| Stationery | – | – | 3000 |
| Utility rooms | |||
| Ceiling lighting | 1200 | 4 | 4800 |
| Dining table for staff | 2000 | 4 | 8000 |
| Chair | 900 | 16 | 14400 |
| Bathroom set | 15000 | 1 | 15000 |
| Microwave | 4500 | 1 | 4500 |
| Electric kettle | 1400 | 1 | 1400 |
| Personal locker for clothes | 3300 | 15 | 49500 |
| Total: | 1046950 | ||
Staff
Sewing production requires high coherence of the team: there is a close relationship between workers in the technological process, so a failure at any stage can lead to a sharp decrease in the productivity of the entire enterprise. Personnel must be selected very carefully, taking into account not only professional, but also personal qualities of employees - responsibility, commitment, diligence. The business plan for a small sewing enterprise involves hiring:
- A fashion designer who creates new products and patterns for them;
- A technologist who develops assembly cards and a sequence of operations, as well as controls the process of their implementation;
- Cutters who cut out parts of fabric products according to patterns;
- Seamstresses with experience in handling different types of machines;
- Operators of overlock machines, button, rivet and buttonhole machines;
- Specialists working with ironing equipment;
- Administrative staff.
Thus, when developing a business plan for a garment production with calculations, the following staffing should be included in its composition:
Workshop staffing table
| Name | Rate, rub. | Qty | Amount, rub. |
| Technologist | 30000 | 1 | 30000 |
| Seamstress-motor operator | 25000 | 10 | 250000 |
| Auxiliary Equipment Operator | 25000 | 2 | 50000 |
| Cutter | 28000 | 2 | 56000 |
| Ironing shop worker | 20000 | 1 | 20000 |
| Fashion designer | 30000 | 1 | 30000 |
| Cleaning woman | 15000 | 1 | 15000 |
| Mechanic at ½ rate | 10000 | 1 | 10000 |
| Storekeeper | 10000 | 1 | 10000 |
| Accountant | 20000 | 1 | 20000 |
| Payroll tax | – | – | 147300 |
| Total: | 638300 | ||
According to sanitary requirements, all employees who have direct contact with the products must keep their medical books up to date, regularly undergo preventive examinations and be vaccinated.
The piecework wage system for seamstresses deserves special attention. The amount of remuneration is calculated based on industry time standards: for example, 21 minutes are allotted for the manufacture of a men's shirt. With an expected monthly salary of 25,000 rubles, the cost of a working minute is 2.37 rubles: thus, a seamstress receives 49.77 rubles for sewing one product. It should be noted that when determining the amount of remuneration, you cannot use the data given in the business plans of sewing studios for small businesses: in individual production, slightly different time standards are used, exceeding industrial ones by tens of times.
Standards for sewing products
Range
The clothing industry of the light industry includes hundreds of different areas: within the framework of a project, an entrepreneur can sew fur coats or produce children's rompers with equal success. The only condition is the specialization of the enterprise: for example, it is quite difficult to organize the simultaneous production of knitted T-shirts and winter down jackets. Before opening a sewing business from scratch, it is also advisable to take into account the needs of the regional market and the profile of competitors’ activities in order to highlight free niches and organize the production of the most popular goods.
When listing the most popular ideas for the sewing business, we should mention the production of such products as:
- Clothing and linen for babies and young children;
- Teenagers clothes;
- Clothes and underwear made of knitwear;
- Leather, fur and suede products;
- Business suits and clothing for special occasions;
- Wedding dresses and suits;
- Jackets, coats and other outerwear;
- Sports and dance costumes;
- Workwear;
- Curtains, bed linen, bedspreads, tablecloths and other interior textiles.
Raw material suppliers
Currently, there is no shortage of accessories, threads or fabrics on the market: even a small manufacturer can order a batch of raw materials from Europe or China. Some entrepreneurs personally visit Middle Eastern countries because the materials they need are produced only here. However, on Russian market It’s also easy to find suppliers offering the widest range of products, including delivery and online ordering.
When choosing contractors, it is imperative to focus on the needs of the target audience: for example, European fabrics, although of excellent quality, are characterized by a high price, and therefore products made from them are bought mainly by wealthy clients. Consumers with average incomes prefer things made from materials produced in Russia or China: at a low cost, they are of quite acceptable quality.
How to start a sewing business: after determining the main assortment of the enterprise, it is advisable to establish contacts with such suppliers and receive a catalog of samples. Depending on the range of products, a wide variety of fabrics are used in production: cotton, wool, viscose or polyester. In addition, when sewing many types of clothing, duplicating and lining materials are used - dublerin, interlining, twill. It should be remembered that natural linen, silk or woolen fabrics are distinguished by the highest price, which directly affects the cost of the product, so it is worth working with them only if there is a guaranteed sale.
Sales of products
Entrepreneurs starting their own clothing business often underestimate the saturation of the market and assume that wholesalers and stores will immediately show interest in new products. However, most often it turns out the other way around: warehouses are filled with unclaimed products, costs are rising, and the new enterprise is gradually approaching bankruptcy. To avoid this, you need to look for distribution channels and conclude agreements with partners at the initial stages of creating a business, at the same time as finding premises and selecting equipment.
In contrast to the methods given in the business plans of sewing studios with calculations, activities related to the promotion of industrial production should not be aimed at attracting the end consumer, but at increasing brand awareness. What can be used to stimulate sales:
- Advertising in specialized print media;
- Sponsorship participation in events of interest to the target audience;
- Production of POS materials intended for placement at points of sale;
- Direct contacts with wholesale resellers;
- Negotiations with owners of brick-and-mortar and online stores;
- Outdoor advertising on billboards and city lights.
It is advisable to create a corporate website of the enterprise, since it is much easier to promote the sewing business with its help: here you should place information about the assortment, wholesale and retail prices, terms of cooperation, and publish contact information for wholesale buyers. Some entrepreneurs go further and turn the site into a full-fledged online store that delivers not only to neighboring regions, but throughout the country.
Investments
It is rather difficult to develop a complete economic model of an enterprise: a large number of variables are used in the calculations, such as the percentage of rejects of raw materials and finished products, norms of time and consumption of materials, average labor productivity, and much more. The following sample business plan for a garment production with calculations, compiled for a workshop that produces the mentioned men's shirts, will help to roughly assess the profitability.
Start-up costs
The specified amount of 1.54 million rubles is not final: to launch the production line, it will also be necessary to purchase materials, threads and accessories in order to provide the enterprise with raw materials for at least a month of work. The volume of these stocks is calculated taking into account the assortment and the estimated production capacity; in addition to their monthly replenishment, the entrepreneur will have to allocate a certain amount to pay rent and utility bills.
Current expenses
When calculating the material cost of products, industry-accepted norms for the consumption of fabric and thread, developed for all major types of products, are used. Before starting a sewing business from scratch, it is advisable to study these data and evaluate the profitability of the production of certain items of clothing.
Material consumption rates
| Name | Fabric, m | Threads, m | Accessories, rub. | Amount, rub. |
| Straight skirt | 0,8 | 100 | 90 | 166,6 |
| Lined jacket | 1,5 | 150 | 120 | 885,0 |
| Mens pants | 1,3 | 270 | 80 | 216,3 |
| Lined jacket | 2,2 | 200 | 160 | 1279,8 |
| Shirt | 1,8 | 120 | 100 | 308,5 |
| Knitted blouse | 1,6 | 100 | 80 | 264,6 |
| Long sleeve dress | 2,2 | 150 | 120 | 316,9 |
| Sleeveless dress | 1,5 | 100 | 90 | 224,0 |
Income and profitability
In addition to the cost of materials, the price of the finished product also includes overhead costs and a trade margin. The value of the latter is determined mainly by the method of sales: when retail sales the margin can reach 120–200%, while when working with wholesale buyers, a value of 25–35% is considered the limit.
For example, the wholesale price for men's shirts of medium quality made from Chinese fabrics reaches 540 rubles at a material cost of 308.5 rubles. Given the norm of time (21 minutes), the duration of the shift (8 hours) and the number of working days in a month (22 days), it is possible to calculate the monthly output for a team of ten seamstresses: in this case, it will be 5030 products without marriage.
Product cost calculation
The development of the economic part of the business plan for a garment factory is completed with a calculation economic indicators- average profitability and payback period of the enterprise. It should be noted that the second value can be adjusted depending on the degree of production utilization and the speed of product sales: in practice, the operating time client base and reaching the design capacity takes 3–4 months.
Video on the topic
Economic indicators of the workshop
Conclusion
Any idea for a clothing business should be based on the real needs of customers. To monitor demand dynamics and stay ahead of competitors, you need to constantly study fashion trends and the latest design developments, and then adjust the assortment, offering customers only current clothing models.
In addition, when planning production, the seasonality factor should not be underestimated: for example, winter jackets manufactured in early spring are likely to remain in stock until the onset of autumn cold, which will lead to freezing of funds and a natural increase in costs.
Finally, it is recommended to continuously monitor the quality of the products, without compromising under any circumstances. According to statistics, the average percentage of defects in the industry does not exceed 10–15%, however, even one message from a dissatisfied consumer published on the Internet after purchasing a product with a flaw can cause irreparable harm to the company’s image.
Often, seamstresses who previously accepted orders at home open workshops and even entire production facilities. This business is a very profitable activity, since such products are constantly in demand among customers. In this article we will consider a business plan for clothing production, advantages and disadvantages.
If you are thinking about opening a sewing workshop, then keep in mind that there is high competition in this area. In addition, sewing requires a large investment starting capital. Initially, you will be faced with serious expenses for renting premises, purchasing equipment, materials, raw materials and hiring workers. The payback period for invested funds is quite unpredictable. Everything is individual and depends on your personal strategy and the situation on the market.
When starting a sewing business from scratch, specialize in the production of specific products. Great option there will be winter children's overalls or elegant dresses for girls - things that are made from a certain material and are popular with buyers. This is the optimal work strategy.
Clothing Sewing Business Plan: Advantages and Disadvantages
In the table below, we will consider the advantages and disadvantages of opening a clothing production that manufactures tailoring for adults and children. It can be noted that the main the target audience- people who have a need for elegant clothes, or who may not fit the standard clothing sizes due to their build.
Here are some government statistics on the purchase of clothing. The leader is the Central Federal District (~50%) and, in particular, Moscow (~40%). The retail turnover of clothing in St. Petersburg amounted to ~3%. It is most effective to open an atelier in the Central Federal District in Moscow, since it is there that the greatest demand for buying clothes is. The tailoring business in the Far East and North Caucasus districts will bring the least profitability.
Regions leaders and outsiders in buying clothes (Gomkomstat data)
Business registration
At the first stage, the sewing workshop is registered as a legal entity. To do this, one of two organizational forms is selected: LLC or IP. When registering as an individual entrepreneur, the following package of documents is submitted to the tax authorities:
- receipt of payment of state duty in the amount of 800 rubles;
- application in form P21001, certified by a notary;
- when conducting accounting under the simplified taxation system, an application is submitted (form 26.2-1) for the transition to the simplified tax system;
- a copy of all pages of the Russian passport.
The provided set of documents is reviewed within 5 working days. After this period, the tax office makes a decision. In case of a positive outcome of the case, the individual entrepreneur is issued:
- extract from the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs;
- the main state registration number of an individual entrepreneur (OGRNIP);
- notifications confirming the registration of an individual with the tax authority and the territorial office of the Pension Fund;
- certificate of Rosstat with a list of statistics codes provided to the organization.
At the next stage, a company seal is made (costs from 500 rubles), and also opens checking account at the bank (this is completed within several working days and requires a cost of about 2,000 rubles).
When choosing an LLC, a different set of documents is submitted to the tax office. It will include:
- application completed on Form 11001;
- decision to create legal entity(if it has one founder) or a protocol on its opening (if there are several founders);
- LLC charter;
- receipt of payment of state duty 4,000 rubles;
- passports of all founders (or copies certified by a notary);
- an application in form 26.2-1 on the transition to the simplified tax system (if accounting is supposed to be kept according to this system).
The Tax Inspectorate examines the documents and makes a decision within 5 working days. If the answer is positive, the founders of the LLC are issued:
- extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities;
- registration certificate;
- charter;
- certificate of registration of the LLC with the tax authority;
- notifications of registration with the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation and the Territorial Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund;
- certificate from Rosstat with statistics codes assigned to the organization.
According to the current legislation, authorized capital opening company with limited liability should not be below the minimum limit of 10,000 rubles.
After receiving approval from the authorities tax service are registered with the Pension Fund of Russia, Rosstat and the Social Insurance Fund. This usually takes several days. Then, within two days, the stamp is made and a bank account is opened. These procedures will take approximately three days.
For clothing production, the following OKVED codes are selected::
- 18.2 – sewing textile clothing and accessories;
- 18.21 – creation of workwear;
- 18.22 – sewing outerwear;
- 18.24 – other clothes and accessories.
In accordance with current legislation, permits from the fire service (Gospozharnadzor) and Rospotrebnadzor are obtained to conduct activities.
Search for premises to rent
When drawing up a business plan for a clothing production, first determine the premises in which it will be located. The dimensions of the room directly depend on the planned scale of work. For example, for daily sewing of about 100 items of clothing, you will need a workshop measuring 70 m2 or more. Thus, the area of the rented premises is directly proportional to the number of embroidered products.
It is better to open a sewing workshop in the industrial zone of the city. In this case, a workshop with a larger area is sought according to reasonable price. Before signing a lease agreement, make sure that the premises meet the requirements of the sanitary and epidemiological station and other supervisory authorities.
Sewing is easy to organize at home. In this case, equipment for performing sewing operations is installed in the home of each seamstress. It turns out the following organizational process: one seamstress prepares the patterns, another sews them, the third processes the edges of the products. There is no rent in this case, since a specialized workshop is not needed.
In order for a premises to comply with the requirements of the State Fire Supervision Authority, it must have a fire alarm and fire extinguishing equipment (fire extinguishers).
Sewing shop equipment
Before opening a sewing business, take into account the need to purchase specialized equipment in your calculations:
- overlock;
- sewing and cutting machines;
- steam generator;
- wet and heat treatment plants;
- automatic machine, loop take-up and button machine;
- cutting knife and cutting equipment;
- interoperative tables;
- Supplies.
The total cost of purchasing equipment will be about 250,000 rubles. This is not an exact figure; the specific amount is estimated based on the volume of production, the number of employees and the area of the workshop. To purchase accessories and fabrics you will need approximately 50,000 rubles.
Recruitment of personnel for a sewing workshop
The success of a clothing business depends on the skill level of the employees working in it. Therefore, personnel should be selected carefully. Hire experienced employees with graduate degrees educational institutions. Their politeness and communication skills are also important.
If there is a lack of funds to staff a highly qualified staff, hire several experienced specialists and novice workers. There is a high probability that, having gained experience and knowledge in the workshop, they will continue to work for you in the future.
Consider the form of remuneration as follows: a percentage of revenue is added to the fixed salary. This will stimulate staff to work more efficiently. At the initial stage, you will only need seamstresses, but as the pace of production increases, hire other workers: fashion designers, seamstresses and order takers.
Starting a sewing business
Start your business with advertising and promotion. It is important to create a database as quickly as possible regular customers. Sell your products in stores, stalls and markets. Remember that business success is guaranteed only if you start producing quality products. And customers, convinced of the excellent quality of the goods, will come to you again for new purchases.
There are many suppliers of raw materials on the market. Find the manufacturers you are interested in on the Internet or at wholesale stores. Try to enter into contracts with them directly, this will avoid additional production costs.
Communicate more with those who have already started a sewing business. Let them become your mentors. If you don’t have such people around you, then watch interviews on YouTube or the Internet, where successful entrepreneurs share their experiences. This will allow you to avoid many mistakes when starting a business.
Business plan for clothing production: project risks
The main risk (marketing) is the search for orders. Success in the clothing business will depend on the number of orders.
The second risk (organizational) is the organization of production and order execution. Properly organize production, draw up plans and monitor their implementation - the main task leader in this matter.
Interview “Clothing business” (entrepreneur Pavel Sikin)
In an interview with Pavel Sikin, an entrepreneur with 15 years of experience, 5 of them as the owner of a successful sewing business. Expert in the development of various sewing enterprises: from tiny workshops to garment factories. Pavel actively shares his experience on the website http://svoya-shveyka.ru. We recommend visiting it.
Evaluation of the attractiveness of a business by a magazine website
| Business profitability |   (3.0 out of 5) |
Business Attractiveness
|
| Project payback | (3.0 out of 5) |
|
| Ease of starting a business | (3.0 out of 5)
|
|
| The clothing business is a highly profitable, but at the same time competitive business. The key success factor is advertising and promotion of your sewing workshop. It is important to identify the most effective source of advertising (for example, partnerships with sales agents) and concentrate on it. | ||
Opening your own sewing workshop is attractive because of its profitability and payback, but it requires a large initial investment and can be created by any master or sewing expert. This business can be started even in small town, since the demand for clothing is constant and not subject to seasonality. In this article we will look at how to create a sewing business from scratch and make it profitable.
Advantages and disadvantages of the clothing business
The optimal option for clothing production would be to focus on the production of one type of product, this will make it possible to satisfy customer requirements as much as possible, improve the technological process and reduce the percentage of defects. This segmentation strategy is used by companies that are just starting to produce clothing and want to occupy a narrow market share.
Who is suitable for a clothing business?
The sewing business requires special knowledge and skills, and is suitable for people with sewing skills and experience in this field (1-2 years). If you decide to start a business and are not a specialist, this complicates production and requires time spent searching for specialists. The first option is preferable because at the very inception of the company you can fully control all stages of clothing production and completely build all business processes. A business will develop faster if it opens in a city with a population of >500,000 people; if the settlement is smaller, this is an indicator of a small market volume and demand. Also, in a small town, it may be difficult to repair sewing machines.
Product lines of clothing production
Sewing production is used for a wide variety of purposes:
An ideal place to start a sewing business
To open the sewing business will do industrial premises in the suburbs, this will allow staff to be recruited from nearby cities with lower prices wages than in the city center. For production, I will approach million-plus cities: Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Kazan, Samara, Novosibirsk, Rostov-on-Don, Sevastopol, Irkutsk. Almost every federal district has a large city. Renting a room is the main item of fixed expenses, so the search for a room should be approached responsibly. Business premises must comply SES requirements, production should not be located in residential buildings.
The target audience
Assess your business's audience. If a clothing repair shop opens, it is necessary that there are 20-30 nine-story buildings nearby in the area: 20-30,000 inhabitants. This will create a constant demand for repair services. If you produce clothes, then the target audience is wholesale suppliers, shops, markets. It is important not only to engage in production, but also to establish a marketing network for products. To do this, conclude preliminary contracts with interested customers.
A preliminary assessment will allow us to estimate the required volume of future products. As a rule, repair of clothes is in great demand than its tailoring in the proportion of 60/40.
Registration of clothing production
Let's analyze various shapes business in the table below.
| Form of business organization | Benefits of use | Documents for registration |
| IP ( individual entrepreneur) | This form is used to create a tailoring workshop when the number of employees is 5-10 people. |
|
| OOO ( limited liability company) | This form is used to create an industrial workshop for the production of clothing, hire employees, and is used for scaling and attracting borrowed capital (loans). |
According to the law, the authorized capital of an LLC cannot be less than 10,000 rubles! |
The decision to register an individual entrepreneur (IP) and LLC is made tax office within 5 working days. For clothing production, the following activity codes are used:
As a rule, the following OKVED codes are chosen for clothing production:
Business Startup Costs
The main administrative costs for the opening are the production of a seal (~ 2500 rubles). When starting a sewing business, prepare to invest a certain amount of money. Financial resources will be needed for the purchase of equipment, consumables (fabrics, accessories), payment of salaries to employees. It is better not to save on materials and equipment, since low-quality goods are not in demand among buyers.
Master class: “7 steps to start a sewing business”
Basic equipment for the sewing business
For mass production of clothes, the following equipment will be required: sewing machines (Brother, Juki, Pegasus, Golden Wheel, Joyee); disc cutting knife; industrial ironing board with steam generator; single-needle semi-automatic loop machine; industrial overlock; button machine. The figure below shows the main types for sewing production.
Basic equipment for clothing production
The table below shows the cost of acquiring basic sewing equipment. The average cost of equipment will be 230,000 rubles, the cost of purchasing fabric will be 50,000 rubles.
Recruitment
For recruitment, you can use the following free bulletin boards: avito, irr, professional forums - this will save on the cost of finding specialists. It is necessary to take employees who have more than 2 years of experience (do not take students!). Own knowledge technological process production will allow you to select the necessary personnel. To motivate staff to perform high-quality work, you can go to basic wages add a percentage of product revenue. At the initial stage of the business, the main workers are seamstresses; when scaling the business, fashion designers and sales managers will be required.
Business revenue
The average bill for clothing repair is 200 rubles, for tailoring 500 rubles. Revenue per month is ~100,000 rubles, which allows you to recoup the initial costs in ~6 months.
Evaluation of the attractiveness of a business by a magazine website
| Business profitability | (3.0 out of 5) |
Business Attractiveness
|
| Project payback | (4.0 out of 5) |
|
| Ease of starting a business |  (2.7 out of 5) |
|
| Steady demand for knitwear makes this business attractive for production. The disadvantages of the business are the small margins on sales; as a result, the payback period for initial costs is 6-12 months. To open a sewing business, you need specific expert knowledge. The business does not require large initial financial investments and is suitable as a micro-business at home. | ||
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