Cash grant for business development. How to get a grant to start a business, a first-person guide. How to spend a grant on business development effectively, and what difficulties you may encounter

Alexander Kaptsov

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State subsidy is one of the most effective ways obtaining funds to create own business. In this case start-up capital or part of it can be obtained free of charge and with a minimum amount of effort. What options for financial assistance are available to start-up entrepreneurs in Russia in 2019 and how to get them?

What does a government subsidy for small businesses mean? Types of subsidies

A state subsidy should be understood as targeted financial support from the state or local budget, which is free of charge.
Why is the state ready to provide its funds to budding entrepreneurs on a non-refundable basis?

There are several reasons for this:

Firstly , new firms will produce goods and services needed by society.
Secondly , they will actively compete with existing companies on the market, which will help improve quality and reduce prices.
Third , new businesses contribute to growth Country's GDP and its socio-economic development.

Subsidies are allocated only to those entrepreneurs who are able to adequately justify the purpose of using the funds, in particular:

Purchase of equipment and consumables.
Purchase of raw materials.
Receiving ownership of intangible assets, etc.

If the funds were raised for one event, but were spent in a different way, the entrepreneur will be forced to return the funds and will be held accountable. That is why exactly one year after receiving the subsidy, the businessman will have to draw up and submit to the government agency a detailed report on the use of the allocated funds.

Important point: If a company plans to open in the production, sale of tobacco or alcohol products, construction and sale of real estate, equipment rental, then it makes no sense to count on government subsidies - these industries are not financed from the budget.

If we talk about the types of subsidies, then in Russia we should clearly distinguish between:

Subsidies for starting a business , which are issued to the unemployed, the disabled and the only parent of a minor child.
Subsidies for the creation of companies for all other categories of citizens , which increase as the number of additional jobs created by the entrepreneur increases.
Subsidies for support existing business , which are provided on a competitive basis.

Important point: In Russian practice, government subsidies are allocated not by state, but by local authorities. That is why an application for the right to raise funds must be sent to a commission specially created at the regional level.

Where to go to apply for government subsidies for small businesses?

Not all aspiring entrepreneurs who want to receive government subsidies are aware of this. Where exactly should they apply for this financial assistance option?

In Russia, several government agencies are involved in issuing funds for the creation of new companies.

Where can I go for a list? necessary documents And approximate form business plan:

Employment Center, including its regional offices.
Department of Entrepreneurship.
Local administrations operating at the level of individual regions.

Important point: If the project turns out to be socially or economically significant for the region, then through the above authorities you can receive not only financial assistance in the form of a subsidy, but also free internships, the right to participate in exhibitions, outsourcing at the expense of the state, etc.

What documents are required to receive subsidies for small businesses from the state?

Government subsidies have existed for a long time and have a unified procedure for evaluating participants.

That is why the list of documents that an entrepreneur will need to submit is publicly available and includes the following items:

Passport and TIN of the entrepreneur himself.
His SNILS (insurance certificate-card).
Education document.
A certificate from the accounting department of his last place of official employment, including information on salary for three months before dismissal.
Application from a participant in a program to receive assistance from the state (according to the approved form).
A business plan with a detailed description of the essence of the project, its income and expenses, as well as an indication of its payback period.

Important point: Only those entrepreneurs who are registered as unemployed citizens at the Employment Center have the right to count on government subsidies.

If, after reviewing the package of documents, the commission makes a positive decision, then an agreement is concluded between the entrepreneur and the Employment Center, and the funds are transferred to the applicant’s bank account.

Important point: When selected government subsidy it is assumed that some contribution to new business The entrepreneur himself must do this. At the same time, the latter does not have to provide the amount of funds - he can provide his own building, car, equipment, etc. for the business.

How to get a government subsidy for a small business: instructions and conditions for receiving

What steps will need to be taken by a new businessman who is seeking to receive government subsidies?

First, you should register with the Employment Center and obtain unemployed status, after which:

Firstly , choose the industry in which he plans to work.
Secondly , draw up a detailed and justified business plan, in the summary of which it is advisable to indicate what the economic and social significance of the activity is new company for a specific region.
Third , register the business as an individual entrepreneur.
Fourth , contact one of the above government agencies with a package of documents, application and business plan.

The commission reviews the documents within 60 days, after which it makes its decision .

As a rule, the entrepreneur is notified about it by registered mail.

The amount of state subsidies for small businesses in 2019 in the Russian Federation

Currently, the system of state subsidies for small businesses in Russia has become very convenient and accessible to a wide range of citizens of the country. What is the size of the government subsidy in 2019?

It all depends on the type of government financial assistance:

If funds are allocated to an unemployed person, a disabled person, or the only parent of a child to start a business, then the funding can amount to up to 300,000 rubles.
If capital is attracted by other categories of citizens, then the basic amount will be 60,000 rubles with the possibility of additional payment for the creation of a large number of additional jobs.
If money is needed to support an existing business, then, as a rule, no more than 25,000 rubles are allocated.

Important point: Even if a business is opened as a franchise, government subsidies are still allocated to entrepreneurs.

Reasons for refusal of government assistance

Why do some entrepreneurs who apply for government subsidies end up with nothing?

There are a number of main reasons for refusal of financing:

Choosing the wrong field of activity . Thus, there are industries that the state does not finance (tobacco and alcohol production, banking and insurance business, etc.), and at the same time, “win-win” options for receiving state subsidies (education, tourism, medicine, etc.).
Too much funding . When submitting an application, it is important to take into account the maximum amount of subsidies that the state can provide.
Wrong . If the project does not reflect income and costs in sufficient detail, there is a long payback period and the economic and social significance of the project is not obvious, then the money will most likely not be given.
Lack of a clearly defined goal . If the business plan does not specify where exactly the entrepreneur is going to spend the amount requested from the state, then the subsidy may be refused due to the impossibility of controlling the use of funds.
Re-application . If an entrepreneur has already received a subsidy to open a company before, then when applying again, the probability of refusal is more than 80%.

Where can government subsidies for small businesses be spent?

Since in the business plan the entrepreneur prescribes the goal of attracting government subsidies, the first condition for using the funds is spending strictly for their intended purpose.

There are several areas where state subsidy funds can be distributed, in particular:

Purchase of equipment (all purchased machines and devices cannot be sold or transferred to a third party for three years).
Rent of premises (no more than 20% of the allocated amount can be used for these needs).
Acquisition software, patents and licenses.
Purchase of raw materials and supplies (again, no more than 20% of the allocated capital).

At the end of the year, the entrepreneur will have to draw up a detailed report on where exactly the funds allocated by the state were sent.

What is a grant?

Today, a grant is not only finance for Scientific research, a free trip to Europe or just an increased scholarship for a botanist student, this is a real opportunity to start or expand your business through attracted and, most importantly, non-refundable Money. Tempting? – Then let’s figure out what a grant is.

According to the modern and generally accepted definition, grant– this is a free subsidy to enterprises, organizations and individuals in cash or in kind for the implementation of any activity with subsequent reporting on their use. In our case - this is the start-up capital of an entrepreneur, i.e. solving the main problem at the stage of creating a business.

I should note that finding and receiving a grant is a rather difficult task, however, money does not fall from the sky, so if you have an interesting, non-standard, and most importantly economically sound idea, then you can try to get sponsorship money for its implementation.

Let us stipulate right away that the money is not given to you personally, but to your organization for specific purposes, so you are responsible for the misuse of the funds allocated to you. That is why searching for a grant (receiving money) should not be an end in itself; perceive sponsorship as an aid in the development of your favorite business, only then will success await you.

Rules for "granting"

Money is allocated not to the entrepreneur personally, but to his organization to carry out the task specified in the application.
Purpose and amount of the grant are indicated at the stage of creating a business plan and not subject to revision.
It so happened that sponsors' preferences are given to the most realistic or most original projects.
Don’t jump at the first grant that comes your way, like a dog at a bone, be selective. Carefully read all the information about the grant, what it will be awarded for, and how much you can receive. Most refusals occur precisely because applications do not correspond to the subject of the grant..
If you really want it, then you can simply adjust your goals to the goals of the fund, but be prepared for the refusal of an organization created to develop and support agricultural producers if you have previously been involved in retail sales Chinese toys.
Be prepared for what the money is not allocated all at once, but comes in tranches. Moreover, where this is possible, for example, when purchasing org. equipment, you will receive equipment, not money. For each stage of your project, a certain amount is provided.
It is better to be late in repaying a loan to the bank than to allow sponsorship funds to be spent inappropriately. One wrong step and you will have a negative reputation in this environment forever.
The same goes for timeliness and correctness. filling out all reports. They must be completed exactly according to the instructions given to you and strictly on time.
As a rule, they won’t give you a lot of money the first time, so ask for the minimum, only for objectively necessary things. Such an application has a much better chance of being selected than those who ask not only for basic labor tools, but also for stationery, a cooler for the office and recruitment of a manager.
I think that all entrepreneurs are ready for the fact that nothing is absolutely free, and the need to pay income tax the amount of the grant will not upset you much.

What are they asking?

Completing the package of documents is not that difficult, you just need to be careful. As a rule, you will be required to provide the name of the project, its purpose, what you expect to receive in the end, indicate the timing and stages of the project and its approximate cost.

To receive a grant from the state, you must submit for consideration within the established time frame:

Business plan.

Certificate of state registration.

Certificate of inclusion in the register of small businesses.

Copies of constituent documents.

Copies of all pages of the passport.

Application in the prescribed form.

Private, especially foreign funds, may request additional and sometimes seemingly absurd documentation, so be mentally prepared for this.

Who do they give it to?

Foreign sponsors and government funds have diametrically opposed views on who to give the grand, if the former are based on necessity targeted and complete expenditure of allocated funds in strict accordance with the business plan, then the state sets the task as a priority employment and social protection.
Therefore, foreign investors are more willing to finance those who have already participated in similar programs, and government funds, as a rule, support those who have registered their enterprise recently.

The state allocates funds to young entrepreneurs “to get started.” Please note that other things being equal preferences will be given to socially vulnerable segments of the population: university graduates and the unemployed, those who are on administrative leave or facing personnel cuts, single mothers with children, disabled people or retired military personnel.

What are they giving for?

About 30% of entrepreneurs who received a grant in the field of small business are engaged in the provision of services, 20% are engaged in production and only 12% are in trade.

It is most realistic to receive a grant for renting premises, purchasing fixed assets, and purchasing raw materials. A huge advantage for the grant recipient will be his willingness to pay for some of the necessary equipment from one’s own funds. This approach will convince the commission of the seriousness of the entrepreneur’s intentions and his faith in the success of the enterprise.

There is also this peculiarity: domestic funds often refuse to pay employees’ salaries, while in foreign funds such an expense item in the business plan does not raise any complaints.
Usually, state finances more applied projects, including production and Agriculture, science (in to a greater extent natural sciences) and education, and foreign funds– for research in the field of ecology, economics and democracy, as well as culture and society. Private domestic funds aimed at supporting innovation activity, economics and business.
If you wish and have a sufficient degree of persistence, you can find a fund for the implementation of any project, even the most extravagant, but if you are not sick of any specific idea, then it is better and easier for beginners to navigate the services.

With the help of a grant, you can easily open a cleaning company (by the way, a leader in receiving grants), any repair shop: auto, household appliances, footwear, any training courses are a completely realistic idea, this also includes a marketing agency or design bureau. The arithmetic is simple - the product of the activity of such an enterprise is the mental / creative calculations of your employees, their cost is wage, therefore, no money is needed for the purchase, delivery and storage of goods.

Who gives?

Naturally, state represented by such ministries as the Committee for the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises, the Committee economic development, industrial policy and trade, advanced local governments, also known as municipalities. Such grants can be financed from the budget of the city, region, or partially from local and federal budgets. Announcements of grants do not hang on every post, like “let” or “buy,” so the first priority of an entrepreneur concerned about the problem of obtaining a grant is to check with the local administration where and how he can find out about ongoing competitions.

Despite the small amounts compared to foreign grants, the state can provide bonuses such as benefits, ranging from the rental of municipal premises and land plots, to advertising and legal assistance. Agree, this is already half the battle!

The best that can happen is participation in targeted programs financing, it is in them that you will be provided with comprehensive assistance.

Next on the list are entrepreneurs' unions. These organizations certainly know what a businessman needs money for and the requirements for the projects they finance are as realistic as possible. Current grants can be viewed, for example, on the website

Image commercial banks, working in the field of small and medium-sized businesses, also act as sponsors, establishing grants with very decent amounts, offering winners also preferential lending conditions.

A tasty piece of the pie sponsorship– these are, of course, foreign grants, but getting them is not so easy. Foreign funds They are extremely reluctant to finance domestic businessmen, but there is always a chance. Let's start with the classification of international grant-giving organizations.

First of all this international organizations, such as the UN, European Union (EU), UNESCO, US AID, USIA. Many of them have representative offices in Russia.

National organizations For example, Finland and Norway finance business activities in Russia, among other things. The Barents Secretariat (Norway) provides grants for industrial and commercial development of private companies.

The undisputed leader of presence in the “grant” market of Russia - the USA, but the maximum you can count on in commercially This " civic education“, all the efforts of American patrons are devoted, as you might guess, to supporting democratic initiatives. The American authorities will not spare even 750,000 rubles for these purposes, so whole year you can easily afford to maintain a staff of three people, pay them a decent salary, distributing leaflets, at least you will definitely be able to purchase a fax, printer and scanner. If you are ready, then go to the official website of the embassy of a friendly state.

The non-profit New Eurasia Foundation, again, with the support of the US Agency for International Development, provides assistance to the development of small businesses in Russia, so it would be a good idea to visit this foundation in person or using web resources.

The most promising in terms of receiving real money for business purposes seems to be the help of individual investors, large businessmen and philanthropists who invest their own funds in projects that interest them.

Where to look?

As you know, water does not flow under a lying stone, so you will have to search long and hard, or maybe quickly - depending on your luck. If you are committed to permanent work with funds, then I advise you to contact all ministries, embassies, local administration asking about the existence of grants and contacts with organizations. All foundations operating in Russia, domestic or foreign, are required to register with the relevant government agencies for their topics.

You can visit the centers of the funds you are interested in, if there are any in your region. If not, you can mail order the Foundation Directory, which brings together more than 100,000 U.S. foundations and corporate donors. There is a similar fund in Europe, it is called the European Foundation Center, its mission is to finance projects in Europe and beyond. The EFC can be contacted in English and French.

You can find the same information in Internet, both on the websites of the foundations themselves: Foundation Directory or European Foundation Center, and in online catalogues, for example, on such portals.

Summary:

Don’t expect freebies, sponsorship money will have to be worked out in full. What will give you strength is the fact that you will work, no matter how you look at it, in your own interests. Be patient and, if necessary, a dictionary, and you will find a grant suitable for your specific project.

Five years ago, three friends decided to open a fitness and health center. There was no money for training equipment or large-scale construction, but there was experience in coaching and confidence that the city needed such a center. Now they have two clubs in different parts of the city, and clients sign up on a waiting list. A grant support program helped make their dream come true: the girls managed to receive 1.5 million rubles. In this article we will tell you how to receive grants for small businesses, and entrepreneurs will share their stories and advice.

How to decide on a business idea

There are no “win-win” ideas for obtaining a business development grant. If you dream of opening your own business, thoroughly study your competitors. For example, when we're talking about about a coffee shop, visit several establishments, count the number of visitors per hour, estimate the average bill, find out the cost of rent, try working in a cafe. If experience entrepreneurial activity no, it’s easier to start in a well-known area. This could be a hobby or your professional competencies.

Natalya Mantel,

We were were the first to install decompression simulators in our city and began to introduce kinesiology techniques- the science of correct movement. Our clients are people with disorders of the musculoskeletal system. That's why the main task- help without harming.

“We root for those who are in pain.”

Marina Matashkova,

The idea of opening our own bakery has been floating around in our family for several years. By education I am a bakery and confectionery I've worked in catering all my life. That's why I can replace any employee- knead the dough, beat the cream for the cakes, stand at the counter. I think this is strong point our business.

Who and how can receive a grant for business development A

The state is interested in the development of small and medium-sized businesses. Therefore, grants to companies are given in the form of subsidies that do not need to be repaid. Business, in turn, creates products, new jobs, and pays taxes. It's like a snowball - such an increase in funds makes it possible to issue grants again and again to the next generations of aspiring entrepreneurs.

There are many programs to support start-up entrepreneurs, each region has its own. In the first three years of a company's existence, an entrepreneur can receive support on several levels.

Marina Matashkova, owner of the family bakery "Good Bread"

Still at the stage business plan, we described in detail all the expenses. For example, we included accounting expenses - our accounting is maintained by an outsourcing company, it is convenient and profitable. We pay for services from our own funds.

The cost of outsourcing services depends on the size of the company and the taxation system. You can learn more about the conditions and cost of accounting for individual entrepreneurs and LLCs.

Tatiana Lisovskaya,

We have a simplified taxation system; we also outsourced accounting and reporting.

To receive a grant from the state to support small businesses, as a rule, you need to provide the following documents:

statement;
certificate from tax office about the absence of debt;
extracts from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities (USRIP);
a copy of the certificate of completion of courses for beginning entrepreneurs or, if the applicant has a higher legal or economic education, a copy of the diploma;
business plan of the project with cost estimates.

You can find out what grants for small business development are being issued in your city in 2018.

The survival rate of grantee businesses: 2018 – 84%, 2012 – 36%.

How to determine how much money you need to start a business

A grant is not the solution to all the problems of a novice entrepreneur. To receive funds to open your business, you will have to prove that they are really needed and confirm your interest with your own investments. Typically this is from 10 to 20% of the grant amount.

Marina Matashkova, owner of the family bakery "Good Bread"

A bakery is a business with large investments at the initial stage. Renting premises, renovating them, installing communications, installing fire alarms, purchasing equipment and furniture.

We had about 400 thousand rubles in our savings, we took another 1 million 300 thousand on credit and received 500 thousand as a grant. The amount turned out to be considerable, but still every ruble was counted. We wrote the business plan in the spring and received the grant in the summer. Our stoves are Italian, their prices are in euros. During the approval of documents and the competition itself, the cost of the equipment increased, we had to make changes to the project, change suppliers. This amount, over two million, was just enough for us to open. We partially did the renovations ourselves, but we ourselves figured out how to decorate the sales area.

Tatiana Lisovskaya, owner of the knitwear studio “Oblaka”

When I was writing a business plan, the curators explained, “You don’t need to add chairs,” that is, you need to ask for exactly as much as you need. In 2017, when I received a grant to open my studio, he maximum amount was 500 thousand rubles. I thought that 350 thousand is enough for me to purchase knitting machines and rent premises. And I received this amount. That is, the business plan must be real.

“I knit without imposing.” P Production of the studio of knitted products "Oblaka"

Natalya Mantel, co-owner of the Kinesis chain of physical education and health centers

People are surprised when they find out that for the opening of Kinesis we received a grant of 1.5 million rubles. Although at that time the maximum amount of support for ordinary business was 300 thousand. Everything is very simple. There were three of us founders, each wrote our own project as part of the opening of one center: classes for adults with disabilities in the musculoskeletal system, a children's direction in the same area, and a yoga and soft fitness studio. The first two points, as socially significant, received a double amount of support, that is, 600 thousand rubles each. That's the whole secret.

We have invested a lot of our efforts and resources. You could say they lived in these rooms and did the renovations with their own hands. For the first few months we couldn’t even afford to hire an administrator and a cleaner. After training, I picked up a mop and went to wash the floors.

Even after the business reaches a stable income, you can not hire individual specialists and thereby optimize costs. For example, the services of an accountant, HR specialist and lawyer can be obtained at a price lower than hiring one of these specialists for work.

How to spend a grant on business development effectively, and what difficulties you may encounter

The number of applications is many times greater than the number of grants issued for LLCs and individual entrepreneurs. The commissions that make decisions on supporting budding businessmen include not only officials, but also existing entrepreneurs. They know from their own experience what services and products are available this moment needed by the market. Experts advise applicants to set realistic goals for themselves and not to overestimate the planned indicators.

The commission immediately sees whether the business has a chance to stand on its own two feet. Now there is a trend that can be called “coming out of the shadows.” It happens that a person tried to provide some services, saw that they were in demand, and after a year and a half he registered as individual entrepreneur and writes a business plan with a grant application to take it to the next level.

There are no restrictions on receiving a business development grant, even based on age. As soon as a citizen can register as an individual entrepreneur, and this is possible from the age of 16 with parental permission, he has the right to apply for government support.

Marina Matashkova, owner of the family bakery "Good Bread"

We must be prepared for difficulties. My husband and I thought that as soon as the bakery opened its doors, we could breathe freely. It turned out that from that moment the main difficulties began. You must be involved in the process 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. At first, going home at 11 p.m. was a blessing, and my work day started at 4:30 a.m., when I came to the bakery and kneaded the dough so that at 8 a.m. customers could already come in for hot bread and buns. Then we could afford to hire bakers and a salesperson. Now I come to the bakery later - at 6 am.

From August 1st we closed our doors for one day only, September 2nd. We just slept all day because we were tired. We warned customers in advance, but they were still upset that they could not buy fresh hot bread.

"We care about people." Products of the family bakery "Dobriy Bleb"

Tatiana Lisovskaya, owner of the knitwear studio “Oblaka”

A smile on a customer's face is what gives strength. When I see that a person likes the thing that I knitted for him, I understand that ready to work from early morning until late at night. There are more and more clients who value unique designer items. People are tired of consumer goods and want to wear beautiful, extraordinary things.

Natalya Mantel, co-owner of the Kinesis chain of physical education and health centers

Our clients are people with health problems. As sad as it may sound, there are more of them every year. We move little, lead a sedentary lifestyle, work late at the office and travel by car. Think, the secret of Kinesis's success is as follows:

we were the first in the city to begin to develop this direction;

there were three of us;

we believed in our cause, even despite the fact that our loved ones tried to stop us;

we were ready to work from morning to evening;

we did everything ourselves.

You create your own success. If charged the right idea- no difficulties will stop you!

Physical education and health center "Kinesis"

What is important to consider: grants are not complete without reporting

A grant for small business development is not only assistance from the state, but also a responsibility. Your company must report for every penny of the grant spent and justify every indicator achieved or not achieved. Otherwise, the grant recipient may be required to return the money. Spending funds for purposes other than those stated in the project is unacceptable. Responsibility - up to criminal.

Artem Maryshev, Head of the Entrepreneurship Support Center of the Murmansk Region

It is difficult to predict with absolute certainty how successful a business will be. This is always a risk area. Members of the grant distribution commission evaluate the relevance of the project, market demand, and even the personality of the applicant, how passionate he is about his own idea.

Subsequently, this self-confidence and a realistic view of things will help the businessman achieve the stated indicators.If the business does not reach the planned level, members of the commission invite the entrepreneur to dialogue, help find a way out, give recommendations.

Reporting forms for all grants are different, but as a rule, filling out these tables is not difficult. They compare the planned indicators and those that the individual entrepreneur or LLC achieved in reality.

Marina Matashkova, owner of the family bakery "Good Bread"

Regardless of whether you will qualify for a grant or not, before starting your business I recommend writing a business plan. The project that we drew up for the first year of work allowed us to get to know our enterprise in every detail. See where, when and what expenses we will have, how much our income will be and how we can increase it.

We wrote a “business plan in reverse”. That is, they deliberately overestimated probable expenses and underestimated income. There are no mountains of gold in our project, but there are real numbers. By comparing planned and achieved indicators, we understand how the work is going and see our prospects. Production cannot be unprofitable if it is built correctly. Don’t be afraid to take risks, quit your job if you want to devote your life to your Dream Cause!

Natalya Mantel:

To be successful in business, you must know your business inside and out. When the manager is a professional, the staff will strive to achieve better results. I am proud that over the 5 years of our clubs’ existence I have almost never had to fire employees. We rarely write statements and for very good reasons. For example, when a person moves to another region. I still conduct training myself, clients have been coming to me for years. Our trainers regularly go for training, we bring specialists in new techniques. Without constant development, a business has no future.

Three months of accounting, personnel records and legal support FOR FREE. Hurry up, offer is limited.

What specific government support measures can a person who opens his own business count on?

Subsidies from the employment center

If you are just planning to open your own business, then the first thing you need to know about is the existence of a special program of the Ministry of Economic Development to provide subsidies to small and medium-sized businesses at the regional level. As part of this program, the employment center provides one-time financial assistance in starting their own business.

The amount is provided in the amount of 12 times the maximum amount of unemployment benefit. Previously it was 58,800 rubles. (based on the assumption that the unemployment benefit amount was 4,900 rubles). However, from January 1, 2019, the maximum benefit amount will increase from 4,900 rubles. up to 8,000 rubles, so the size of the subsidy may increase. One-time financial assistance is also provided for the preparation of documents: payment of state fees, performance of notarial acts during state registration, purchase of blank documentation, production of seals, stamps, legal services, consultations. For example, in the Moscow region, financial assistance for the preparation of documents amounts to 7,500 rubles.

A subsidy from the employment center is available to citizens over 18 years of age. But in order to receive it, they need to register with the employment center, that is, have unemployed status and receive benefits. It is also worth considering that subsidies are not given to everyone, since there are a limited number of them, and they are issued at the beginning of the financial year (you need to try to get into the right period). About these and other subtleties Vasily Puchkov, Deputy Director regional center support of the Olympic movement.

Grant support

This measure of state support is usually provided by regional authorities. The grant is provided to a start-up entrepreneur in the form of a one-time subsidy, on a non-refundable and free basis. The maximum amount, as a rule, is 600,000 rubles. But depending on the region, the conditions for receiving grants may differ. Therefore, it is better to find out all the details locally. Money is allocated to those whose applications have passed the competitive selection process. The selection criteria include the field of business activity, the amount of revenue, the number of jobs, etc.

In 2019, beginning farmers can still count on special government support. The size of the grant under the “Support for Beginning Farmers” program can reach 3 million rubles. This amount, for example, is received by beginning livestock farmers in the Moscow region if they specialize in breeding large cattle, and 1.5 million rubles. provided to farms operating in other areas. The farm that received such a grant must create at least one job for every 1 million rubles. grant.

In Tatarstan for 2019, the amount of grant support under the Beginning Farmer program will be higher - it will amount to up to 5 million rubles. instead of the previous 3 million. So the conditions and amounts should be clarified in each specific case.

In addition, there are grants in the amount of up to 30 million rubles. for the development of family livestock farms.

In St. Petersburg, since 2015, the program “Support for Social Entrepreneurship” has been implemented, within the framework of which costs associated with the payment of rental payments and the acquisition of equipment are subject to reimbursement: rental of buildings, non-residential premises, rental of equipment and purchase of equipment.

In addition, a program to support entrepreneurs creating children's centers has been developed in St. Petersburg; support program for entrepreneurs engaged in handicrafts, and other programs.

To find out more about receiving grants and subsidies, go to official government websites that provide information about business support measures. For example, on the website of the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Tatarstan, all areas of state support are described in detail. For the Moscow region, such information is provided by the website of the Center for Entrepreneurship Development of the Moscow Region. The website “Small Business of Kuban” provides a detailed list of subsidies for entrepreneurs operating in the south of Russia.

It will be easier if you use the search in the “Support for SMEs in the regions” section on Federal portal small and medium enterprises. Just enter your region in the search and you will be automatically transferred to the “local” SME portal.

On the website of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, you can use the list of authorized bodies for supporting small and medium-sized businesses in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Federal business support programs

This type of business support can be divided into programs from:

Ministry of Economic Development of Russia

His area of interest extends to the implementation of a program to provide subsidies from the federal budget to provide state support to SMEs in the regions (in accordance with the orders of the Ministry of Economic Development issued annually).

Funds are distributed on a competitive basis between regions and allocated for activities provided for by regional programs, but on the condition that the costs are co-financed by the regions.

The program of the Ministry of Economic Development involves direct and indirect support measures that can be counted on by those who produce goods, develop and implement innovative products, specialize in folk arts and crafts, carry out handicraft activities, promote rural and ecotourism, and develop social entrepreneurship.

SME Corporations

This organization is engaged in solving a various range of problems, including providing financial, property, legal, infrastructural, and methodological support; organizes different kinds support of investment projects, etc.

JSC "SME Bank"

More information about support programs and conditions on the basis of which you can apply for state assistance in business development can be found on regional portals for small and medium-sized businesses. For example, the Ryazan portal gives detailed information both by type, and by form, and by support infrastructure.

Subsidies for loan interest reimbursement

A business can count on compensation for the cost of paying interest on loans received from credit institutions for the support and development of activities, including the renewal of fixed assets (with the exception of loans received for the purchase of passenger vehicles).

The conditions for receiving a subsidy need to be clarified in the regions. For example, in Moscow they are as follows:

the organization meets the criteria for an SME;
the organization or individual entrepreneur is registered and operates in Moscow, and the duration of registration is at least 6 months before the date of filing an application for a subsidy;
the period of overdue debt on taxes, fees and other obligatory payments on the day of filing the application does not exceed one month;
there are no pending contracts for the provision of subsidies from the budget of the city of Moscow on the day of submitting the application;
there are no violations of contractual obligations secured from the budget of the city of Moscow;
there is a loan agreement with a credit institution included in the list of credit institutions selected in the prescribed manner joint stock company“Federal Corporation for the Development of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises”, and has concluded a cooperation agreement with the Department of Science, Industrial Policy and Entrepreneurship of the city of Moscow, or has received approval from a credit institution to issue a loan.

In 2019, the state will allocate 7.2 billion rubles to banks. for preferential loans for entrepreneurs, thus increasing budget subsidies for the soft loan program for small businesses in priority sectors by 11 times. This is provided for in the draft federal budget for 2019 and subsequent years 2020-2021. The total amount of expenses for the next 6 years will be 190.9 billion rubles.

The proposal is to issue loans to small and medium-sized businesses for projects in priority sectors at a rate of 6.5%. It will apply to such industries as agriculture, construction, transport, communications, tourism, manufacturing, electricity, gas and water production, healthcare, collection, processing and disposal of waste, industries in which priority areas for the development of science and technology are being implemented and technology.

According to the rules, the difference with market rates (3.1% under a loan agreement for medium-sized businesses and 3.5% for small businesses) is reimbursed to banks by the budget. In 2019, thanks to innovations, preferential lending will be provided in more than 200 billion rubles.

Small business support: changes in 2019

In the summer of 2018, the president signed a document that expands property support for small and medium-sized businesses. This law establishes an indefinite right to purchase leased state and municipal property and the possibility of using land plots when providing property support to SMEs.

Also, shortly before 2019, Government Resolution No. 1212 dated 10.10.2018 was presented. The document makes changes to the rules for providing subsidies from the federal budget to credit organizations to compensate for lost income on loans issued to SMEs for preferential rate.

According to the document, the maximum loan amount issued to a SME for investment purposes at a preferential rate has been reduced from 1 billion rubles. up to 400 million rubles But the maximum amount of total loans that can be issued to one borrower remains 1 billion rubles. The changes were made to enable banks to provide loans to more SMEs.

In addition, it is important to mention Government Order No. 2586-r dated November 26, 2018, which talks about the draft federal law amending Art. 25 Federal Law“On the development of small and medium-sized businesses in Russian Federation" This bill has been prepared for the implementation of the national project “Small and Medium Enterprises and Support for Individual Entrepreneurial Initiatives,” which provides for increased access of SMEs to financial resources, including preferential financing.

When the bill is adopted, the guarantee support provided by SME Corporation JSC to SMEs will be expanded. This will affect companies operating in high-tech industries, startups, agricultural cooperatives, fast-growing innovative companies and SMEs implementing projects in the Far Eastern and North Caucasus federal districts and in single-industry towns.

Moving to countryside presented our family with a fact: there is no work in the village. So you need to create your own workplace and earn your own income. The choice of direction of activity was also obvious - agriculture in the Novgorod region needs to be improved.

Nine of my mistakes on the way to a grant

There are no special savings left - everything was spent on moving, and to start so seasonal business“from scratch” is difficult. You will want to eat tomorrow, but the income from livestock or crop production will not be received soon. The same fact predetermined the refusal to apply for a loan - the bank will have to pay regularly, and it is impossible to grow agricultural products taking into account the loan repayment schedule.

Entrepreneur Petr Tatarintsev received a grant for starting a business of 150,000 rubles and shares his experience with visitors to the Moneymaker Factory.

The all-knowing Internet comes to the rescue, where you need to look not for how to earn 100,000 rubles in two days with minimal investment, but rather specific information about financial support for beginning entrepreneurs. It turned out that in every region of the country there are at least two different programs to support newly minted businessmen:

Subsidy under the self-employment program, provided based on the results of an interview and defense of your business plan at the Employment Center - 58.8 thousand rubles for every unemployed person who will be employed in a newly created enterprise;
Grant for aspiring entrepreneurs from the Ministry of Economic Development with the direct participation of regions organizing competitive selection and evaluation of applications - 300 thousand rubles for the implementation of the project.

I failed with the first option - back in March, 5 people had already applied for the only subsidy allocated to our district under a quota. Having decided that I could not withstand such fierce competition, and the amount was not so attractive to fight for, I went to the administration for information to find out the conditions for receiving a grant under the second option.

In the department of economics and agriculture I was welcomed with open arms. Our area is not particularly prosperous and business is tight here, so they are ready to support every new business “from start to finish.” It was thanks to this that I eventually went through all the steps of the procedure for obtaining a grant - in any local authority they were willing to meet me and help me correct my mistakes. Otherwise I won’t see this money.

Error 1. Information about the program: a territorial reference is needed

I naively thought that the information I received on the Internet about government subsidies was quite sufficient. It turned out that the federal program operates throughout the country, but its main conditions are left to the regional authorities. Current information can only be found out from the regulations of the relevant region.

The peculiarity of this procedure for preparing and approving specific criteria and program activities is that first the region must approve its version of the program, and on its basis a comprehensive document will be developed directly in the region. As a result, the main parameters and conditions for issuing grants to start-up entrepreneurs in our locality were adjusted only by June.

Mistake 2. Registration: no need to rush

I studied the final version of the competition regulations after the registration of the individual entrepreneur. If I had not listened to the tax inspector and chosen other OKVED codes, I would not have been able to take part in the competitive selection, because only businesses in the following areas can count on state support:

agriculture (OKVED 01.1 - 01.4);
construction (OKVED 45.2 - 45.4);
manufacturing (OKVED 15, 17-22 and 24 - 37);
social, communal and personal services(OKVED 74.7, 74.84, 93);
craft activities.

A specific area sets its own priorities, so in our case these types of activities included livestock farming, and in the neighboring area, other things being equal, a grant was allocated manufacturing enterprises. Although, even if the activity I had chosen had not been prioritized, there was still enough time to make changes and add required OKVED.

Mistake 3. Collecting documents: pay attention to their expiration date

After quickly registering with the tax office and registering as an employer in extra-budgetary funds, according to the requirements of the program, it was necessary to acquire bank account. At the Sberbank branch, an account was opened for me in a few days; all I had to do was fill out a signature card and write a corresponding application with a request to open a current account for an individual entrepreneur. The received bank account agreement had to supplement the following package of documents for submitting an application for participation in the grant competition:

Certificate of registration of individual entrepreneur;
Passport and TIN certificate;
Extract from the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs;
Information mail with statistics codes;
Certificate from the tax office confirming the absence of debt;
Help from Pension Fund, FSS, MHIF about the absence of debt to them;
A personally written certificate of the amount of revenue for previous reporting periods (why is it needed if I have just registered as an entrepreneur?);
Certificate of the average number of employees for the past year (of course, all zeros).

Addition: Leave an application to open a current account with Sberbank.

It was necessary to take into account two factors - the speed of issuing all these documents and their validity period. An extract from the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs loses its relevance in 30 days, a certificate from the tax office in 10 days, and it is better to take confirmation of the absence of obligations to extra-budgetary funds on the same day when you plan to submit the application.

I had to order certificates several times that had lost their “freshness,” but it’s good that they were free. Besides, in last moment I was saved by the opportunity to order an urgent extract from the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs, which takes 1-2 days to prepare, not 5 working days.

Mistake 4. Business plan: following a specific format

To participate in the program to support beginning entrepreneurs, you need not only to present registration documents, but also to describe in detail your upcoming activities. For this purpose, not just any business plan downloaded from the Internet is suitable, but a comprehensive document drawn up based on the results of training in courses on business fundamentals.

In Veliky Novgorod, on the basis of the Entrepreneurship Support Fund, training was organized for everyone who wanted to receive state support in the form of a free subsidy.

As someone who has a higher education in economics, I did not need to take these short-term courses; I only needed to use the proposed scheme to draw up a business plan when submitting an application. The rest underwent training and attached a certificate of completion of these courses to their application for participation in the Entrepreneurship Support Program.

The business plan needed:

indicate the features of production;
describe the products manufactured;
characterize organizational processes at the enterprise, taking into account the calendar plan;
calculate the required amount of investment;
forecast financial flows;
list possible risks and ways to minimize them.

In the additional application form attached to this document, it was necessary to calculate the budgetary efficiency of the project - the volume of tax deductions, and also indicate the number of jobs created. It was necessary to calculate other project indicators using the given formulas.

Mistake 5. Expense items: you can’t spend on everything

Funds received from the budget can be spent exclusively on those purposes that are specified as clearly and transparently as possible in the business plan and application. No deviation is provided. An additional limitation is the fact that only fixed assets that are directly involved in the business and generate income can be purchased with the grant funds. You cannot pay off debts to creditors or pay salaries to employees or make other current expenses using the grant.

For this reason, when filling out the application, I had to immediately think through the process of acquiring assets, taking into account the fact that I would have to confirm the intended use of funds - with payment documents. Difficulties arose - it was difficult for me to confirm the fact of the purchase and sale transaction of farm animals in private household plots.

It was necessary to draw up an agreement between an individual and IP, which took into account all the main parameters of this transaction. Subsequently, this agreement became part of the report on the expenditure of budget funds and they did not immediately agree to accept it.

Mistake 6. Competition: important selection criteria

The commission takes into account only a few of the most important criteria to evaluate applicants, assigning points to each indicator:

Job creation - from 1 to 5 points when employing 1 to 10 workers or more;
Applicant's age under 30 years - 1 point, over - 0 points;
Own investments from 0 to 100% of the project cost - from 1 to 5 points;
Priority activities - 1 point, any other permitted activity - 0 points.

A prerequisite is that the entrepreneur must register for no longer than one year, as well as carry out activities in the territory of the region where he was registered. There are other indicators that the commission evaluates; they are spelled out in the regulations of the competition and, as it turns out, differ significantly in different regions of the country.

Mistake 7. Regional characteristics of the grant program

I was very mistaken that I had comprehensive information about the program, having studied the experience of several regions. It turned out that in the Novgorod region a grant can be received in the amount of 70% of the cost of the entire project, and also based on the fact of expenses.

That is, in order for me to receive 300 thousand from the budget, I would first need to make documented expenses for a similar amount and plan to shell out at least another 130 thousand rubles from my own pocket for business development.

In 2013, in other regions, for example, in the Sverdlovsk region, to participate in the program it is enough to undergo training, write a business proposal and pay 15% of the costs of launching a newly registered company, the rest will be paid for through a grant from the budget. In St. Petersburg, the ratio of own and requested funds from the budget should be 30 and 70%, respectively. Well, I had to curb my appetites and be content with the amount of 150 thousand rubles, because I had already invested approximately that much in my farming and could support these expenses with checks.

Error 8. Deadlines for receiving funds: delay in payments from the budget

But I couldn’t make the expected expenses at my own expense in order to compensate them with funds from the budget - I decided to wait for the grant to be paid and then buy everything necessary equipment and young animals. This was another mistake of mine. During my first visits to the administration, when I was still conducting reconnaissance, I congratulated the employees on March 8, and when I came for the money, I congratulated them on the New Year.

Despite the fact that the money arrived in my account on December 20, I had to report on the expenses made on the 25th so that the administration would have time to accept the report before the end of the year. It was this feature of budget subsidies that cost me many lost months and nerves. The procedure for submitting grant reports turned out to be the simplest - I brought sales receipts for the purchase of equipment and an agreement for the purchase of farm animals, in the amount corresponding to the application with a business plan.

Mistake 9. Reporting: late implementation of the project

Since I did not receive the money in June, as expected, my entire project execution schedule shifted somewhat. In the spring of next year, I should have already received a solid income and given work to 3 residents of the area. However, this was only done with a delay of six months.

To report at the end of the first quarter, I must provide the administration with a certificate of the average number of personnel and a certificate of tax deductions and the absence of debt before payments to the budget and extra-budgetary funds. As a result, they only asked me for an explanation about the reason for such a delay in the development of my farm and did not demand a return of the funds received, although under the terms of the agreement they could well have been forced to return this money. By the end of this year, I reached the planned sales volumes and capacity of my enterprise.

Now that I have experience interacting with local administration and knowledge of the nuances of receiving and using budget funds, I understand that free cheese is not only in a mousetrap.